Which generally should be pronounced as weak form while reading aloud？ （)

Reading Poem

No poem should ever be discussed or "analyzed", until it has been read aloud by someone, teacher or student. Better still, perhaps, is the practice of reading it twice, once at the beginning of the discussion and once at the end, so the sound of the poem is the last thing one hears of it.

All discussions of poetry are, in fact, preparations for reading it aloud, and the reading of the poem is, finally, the most telling "interpretation" of it, suggesting tone, rhythm, and meaning all at once. Hearing a poet read the work in his or her own voice, on records or on film, is obviously a special reward. But even those aids to teaching can not replace the student and teacher reading it or, best of all, reciting it.

I have come to think, in fact, that time spent reading a poem aloud is much more important than "analyzing" it, if there isn't time for both. I think one of our goals as teachers of English is to have students love poetry. Poetry is "a criticism of life", "a heightening of life, enjoyment with others". It is "an approach to the truth of feeling", and it "can save your life". It also deserves a place in the teaching of languages and literature more central than it presently occupies.

I am not saying that every English teacher must teach poetry. Those who don't like it should not be forced to put that dislike on anyone else, But those who do teach poetry must keep in mind a few things about its essential nature, about its sound as well as its sense, and they must make room in the classroom for hearing poetry as well as thinking about it.

According to the passage, to have a better understanding of a poem, the best way is ______.

A．to discuss it with others

B．to analyze it by oneself

C．to hear it read out

D．to practice reading it aloud

听力原文： Reading to oneself is a modem activity which was almost unknown to the scholars of the classical and mediaeval worlds, while during the fifteenth century the term "reading" undoubtedly meant reading aloud. Only during the nineteenth century did silent reading become commonplace.

One should be cautious, however, of assuming that silent reading came about simply because reading aloud is a distraction to others. Examination of factors related to the historical development of silent reading reveals that it became the usual mode of reading for most adult reading tasks mainly because the tasks themselves changed in character.

The last century saw a steady gradual increase in literacy and thus in the number of readers. As readers increased, so the number of potential listeners declined, and thus there was some reduction in the need to read aloud.

As reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common, so came the flourishing of reading as a private activity in such public places as libraries, railway carriages and offices, where reading aloud would cause distraction to other readers.

Towards the end of the century there was still considerable argument over whether books should be used for information or treated respectfully, and over whether the reading of material such as newspapers was in some way mentally weakening. Indeed this argument remains with us still in education. However, whatever its virtues, the old shared literacy culture had gone and was replaced by the printed mass media on the one hand and by books and periodicals for a specialized readership on the other.

By the end of the century students were being recommended to adopt attitudes to books and to use skills in reading them which were inappropriate, if not impossible, for the oral reader. The social, cultural, and technological changes in the century had greatly altered what the term "reading" implied.

Questions:

16. Why was reading aloud common before the nineteenth century?

17. What did the development of silent reading during the nineteenth century indicate?

18. What are educationalists still arguing about?

19. What did the emergence of the mass media and of specialized periodicals show?

20. What is the writer of this talk attempting to do?

(36)

A．Silent reading had not been discovered.

B．There were few places available for private reading.

C．Few people could read for themselves.

D．People retied on reading for entertainment.

听力原文： Reading to oneself is a modem activity which was almost unknown to the scholars of the classical and medieval worlds, while during the fifteenth century the term "reading" undoubtedly meant reading aloud. Only during the nineteenth century did silent reading become commonplace.

One should be careful, however, in assuming that silent reading came about simply because reading aloud is a distraction to others, Examination of factors related to the historical development of silent reading reveals that it became the usual mode of reading for most adult reading tasks mainly because the tasks themselves changed in character.

The 19th century saw a steady gradual increase in literacy, and thus in the number of readers. As readers increased, so the number of potential listeners decreased, and thus there was some reduction in the need to read aloud. As reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common, so came the flourishing of reading as a private activity in such public places as libraries, railway carriages and offices. There reading aloud would cause distraction to other readers.

Towards the end of the century there was still considerable argument over whether books should be used for information, and over whether the reading material such as newspapers was in some way mentally weakening. Indeed this argument remains with us still in education However, whatever its virtues are, the old shared literacy culture had gone and was replaced by the mass media on the one hand and by books and magazines for a specialized readership on the other. The social, cultural, and technological changes in the century had greatly altered what the term "reading" implied.

(33)

A．Silent reading had not been discovered.

B．There were few places available for private reading.

C．Few people could read for themselves.

D．People relied on reading for entertainment.

听力原文： Reading to oneself is a modem activity which was almost unknown to the scholars of the classical and medieval worlds, while during the fifteenth century the term "reading" undoubtedly meant reading aloud. Only during the nineteenth century did silent reading become commonplace. One should be careful, however, in assuming that silent reading came about simply because reading aloud is a distraction to others. (33)Examination of factors related to the historical development of silent reading reveals that it became the usual mode of reading for most adult reading tasks mainly because the tasks themselves changed in character. (32)The 19th century saw a steady gradual increase in literacy, and thus in the number of readers. As readers increased, so the number of potential listeners decreased, and thus there was some reduction in the need to read aloud. As reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common, so came the flourishing of reading as a private activity in such public places as libraries, railway carriages and offices; There reading aloud would cause distraction to other readers. (34)Towards the end of the century there was still considerable argument over whether books should be used for information, and over whether the reading material such as newspapers was in some way mentally weakening. Indeed this argument remains with as still in education. However, whatever its virtues are, the old shared literacy culture had gone and was replaced by the mass media on the one hand and by books and magazines for a specialized readership on the other. The social, cultural, and technological changes in the century had greatly altered what the term "reading" implied.

(33)

A．Silent reading had not been discovered.

B．There were few places available for private reading.

C．Few people could read for themselves.

D．People relied on reading for entertainment.

Reading to oneself is a modern activity which was almost unknown to the scholars of the classical medieval worlds, while during the fifteenth century the term "reading" undoubtedly meant reading aloud. Only during the nineteenth century did silent reading become commonplace.

One should be cautious, however, of assuming that silent reading came about simply because reading aloud is a distraction to others. Examination of factors related to the historical development of silent reading reveals that it became the usual mode of reading for most adult reading tasks mainly because the tasks themselves changed in character.

The last century saw a steady gradual increase in literacy and thus in the number of readers. As readers increased, so the number of potential listeners declined, and thus there was some reduction in the need to read aloud.

As reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common, so came the flourishing of reading as a private activity' in such public places as libraries, railway carriages and offices, where reading aloud would cause distraction to other readers.

Towards the end of the century there was still considerable argument over whether books should be used for information or treated respectfully, and over whether the reading of material such as newspapers was in some way mentally weakening. Indeed this argument remains with us still in education. However, whatever its virtues, the old shared literacy culture had gone and was replaced by the printed mass media on the one hand and by books and periodicals for a specialized readership on the other.

By the end of the century students were being recommended to adopt attitudes to books and to use skills in reading them which were inappropriate, if not impossible, for the oral reader. The social, cultural, and technological changes in the century had greatly altered what the term" reading" implied.

Why was reading aloud common before the nineteen century?

A．Silent reading had not been discovered.

B．There were few places available for private reading.,.

C．Few people could read for themselves.

D．people relied on reading for entertainment.

听力原文： Reading to oneself is a modern activity which was almost unknown to the scholars of the classical and medieval worlds, while during the fifteenth century the term "reading" undoubtedly meant reading aloud. Only during the nineteenth century did silent reading become commonplace.

One should be careful, however, in assuming that silent reading came about simply because reading aloud is a distraction to others. Examination of factors related to the historical development of silent reading reveals that it became the usual mode of reading for most adult reading tasks mainly because the tasks themselves changed in character.

The 19th century saw a steady gradual increase in literacy, and thus in the number of readers. As readers increased, so the number of potential listeners decreased, and thus there was some reduction in the need to read aloud. As reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common, so came the flourishing of reading as a private activity in such public places as libraries, railway carriages and offices. There reading aloud would cause distraction to other readers.

Towards the end of the Century there was still considerable argument over whether books should be used for information, and over whether the reading material such as newspapers was in some way mentally weakening. Indeed this argument remains with us still in education. However, whatever its virtues are, the old shared literacy culture had gone and was replaced by the mass media on the one hand and by books and magazines for a specialized readership on the other. The social, cultural, and technological changes in the century had greatly altered what the term "reading" implied.

(33)

A．Silent reading had not been discovered.

B．There were few places available for private reading.

C．Few people could read for themselves.

D．People relied on reading for entertainment.

听力原文： Reading to oneself is a modern activity which was almost unknown to the scholars of the classical and medieval worlds, while during the fifteenth century the term "reading" undoubtedly meant reading aloud. Only during the nineteenth century did silent reading become commonplace.

One should be careful, however, in assuming that silent reading came about simply because reading aloud is a distraction to others. Examination of factors related to the historical development of silent reading reveals that it became the usual mode of reading for most adult reading tasks mainly because the tasks themselves changed in character.

The 19th century saw a steady gradual increase in literacy, and thus in the number of readers. As readers increased, so the number of potential listeners decreased, and thus there was some reduction in the need to read aloud. As reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common, so came the flourishing of reading as a private activity in such public places as libraries, railway carriages and offices. There reading aloud would cause distraction to other readers.

Towards the end of 20th century there was still considerable argument over whether books should be used for information, and over whether the reading material such as newspapers was in some way mentally weakening. Indeed this argument remains with us still in education. However, whatever its virtues are, the old shared literacy culture had gone and was replaced by the mass media on the one hand and by books and magazines for a specialized readership on the other. The social, cultural, and technological changes in the century had greatly altered what the term "reading" implied.

26．Why was reading aloud commonplace before the 19th century?

27.What did the development of silent reading during the 19th century indicate?

28.What are educationalists still arguing about?

29.What is the speaker attempting to do?

(33)

A．Silent reading had not been discovered.

B．Few people could read for themselves.

C．People relied on reading for entertainment.

D．There were few places available for private reading.

听力原文： Reading to oneself is a modern activity which was almost unknown to the scholars of the classical and medieval worlds, while during the fifteenth century the term "reading" undoubtedly meant reading aloud. Only during the nineteenth century did silent reading become commonplace.

One should be careful, however, in assuming that silent reading came about simply because reading aloud is a distraction to others. Examination of factors related to the historical development of silent reading reveals that it became the usual mode of reading for most adult reading tasks mainly because the tasks themselves changed in character.

The 19th century saw a steady gradual increase in literacy, and thus in the number of readers. As readers increased, so the number of potential listeners decreased, and thus there was some reduction in the need to read aloud. As reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common, so came the flourishing of reading as a private activity in such public places as libraries, railway carriages and offices. There reading aloud would cause distraction to other readers.

Towards the end of 20th century there was still considerable argument over whether books should be used for information, and over whether the reading material such as newspapers was in some way mentally weakening. Indeed this argument remains with us still in education. However, whatever its virtues are, the old shared literacy culture had gone and was replaced by the mass media on the one hand and by books and magazines for a specialized readership on the other. The social, cultural, and technological changes in the century had greatly altered what the term "reading" implied.

Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.

26. Why was reading aloud commonplace before the 19th century?

27. What did the development of silent reading during the 19th century indicate?

28. What are educationalists still arguing about?

29. What is the speaker attempting to do?

(33)

A．Silent reading had not been discovered.

B．Few people could read for themselves.

C．People relied on reading for entertainment.

D．There were few places available for private reading.

听力原文： Reading to oneself is a modern activity which was almost unknown to the scholars of the classical and medieval worlds, while during the fifteenth century the term "reading" undoubtedly meant reading aloud. Only during the nineteenth century did silent reading become commonplace. One should be careful, however, in assuming that silent reading came about simply because reading aloud is a distraction to others. (33)Examination of factors related to the historical development of silent reading reveals that it became the usual mode of reading for most adult reading tasks mainly because the tasks themselves changed in character. (32)The 19th century saw a steady gradual increase in literacy, and thus in the number of readers. As readers increased, so the number of potential listeners decreased, and thus there was some reduction in the need to read aloud. As reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common, so came the flourishing of reading as a private activity in such public places as libraries, railway carriages and offices. There reading aloud would cause distraction to other readers. (34)Towards the end of the century there was still considerable argument over whether books should be used for information, and over whether the reading material such as newspapers was in some way mentally weakening. Indeed this argument remains with us still in education. However, whatever its virtues are, the old shared literacy culture had gone and was replaced by the mass media on the one hand and by books and magazines for a specialized readership on the other. The social, cultural, and technological changes in the century had greatly altered what the term "reading" implied.

(33)

A．Silent reading had not been discovered.

B．There were few places available for private reading.

C．Few people could read for themselves.

D．People relied on reading for entertainment.

After each reading of an oxygen indicator, the instrument should be purged with ______.

A.CO2

B.fresh air

C.the tested compartment’s air

D.Water