A.New Jersey
B.California
C.New York
D.Arizona
第1题
life after the death of______.
A.farming and spinning
B.ducking and diving
C.wheeling and dealing
D.coalmining and shipbuilding
第2题
ppened to prosper. Rome started out as a small village, as did Athens, Paris, London and New York. Of course, there were exceptions to this general rule. In ancient times, Alexandria in Egypt, and Saint Petersburg, were both planned cities. But for the most part, cities throughout history were not the products of deliberate thought. Today the reverse is true . Many nations, alarmed by the urban sprawl that has been gobbling up farmland and open countryside , and appalled by the staggering urban problems in the central cities, have begun building new cities that are specifically designed to meet modern needs. Britain has long been a pioneer in planning new cities . As the first nation to become industrialized and urbanized, it faced traffic, slums and pollution long before anyone else. In 1898 an Englishman, Sir Ebenezer Howard, published a book called To-morrow: a Peaceful Path to Real Reform, in which he advocated a new form of urban growth and organization: the “garden city”. Such a city combined the beauty of nature-trees, grass, sunshine and fresh air -with all the advantages of city living, including an abundance of jobs, social and cultural centres and good shopping facilities . The garden city was to be fairly small int size and the inhabitants would have easy access to the countryside, while at the same time they would be close to their work. In 1899 Howard organized the Garden City Association and in 1903 and 1920 he built the first and the second garden city , Letchworth and Welwyn Garden City . These projects encountered many difficulties and failed to arouse widespread enthusiasm. Nevertheless, both Welwyn and Letchworth survived and grew, and in later years-particularly after World War II -British planners looked at them with renewed interest. The war had given the British a painful lesson in the weakness of modern,heavily populatedcities. Cities were not the places of refuge they had once been. One the contrary, the invention of the aeroplane had made them the most vulnerable targets for attack. Aerial warfare made it clear that people were far safer outside the great urban centres. It was better not to concentrate so much of the population and industrial resources in a few large cities, but to spread them out into many smaller towns and cities . Fast , modern transportation methods made such dispersal possible.Furthermore,these new towns-modeled on Howard’s garden cities-could also drain off the surplus population of the large cities, relieving the overcrowded conditions, housing shortages, slums and traffic jams that plagued them. Questions 1 to 3 Mark each statement as either true (T) or false (F) according to the passage. 1. In the past, most cities were not planned and they just grew up spontaneously. 2. Garden cities built by Howard never aroused widespread enthusiasm. 3. It can be inferred that the author believes the construction of big cities is a mistake. Questions 4—5 Translate the following sentences of the passage into Chinese . Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet. 4. Many nations, alarmed by the urban sprawl that has been gobbling up farmland and open countryside, and appalled by the staggering urban problems in the central cities, have begun building new cities that are specifically designed to meet modern needs. 5. Furthermore, these new towns-modeled on Howard’s garden cities-could also drain off the surplus population of the large cities, relieving the overcrowded conditions, housing shortages, alums and traffic jams that plagued them.
第3题
glory.
A.refurbishment
B.restoration
C.conservation
D.preservation
第4题
y is not to be ______ at.
A.coughed
B.sneezed
C.laughed
D.rejected
第7题
rney to Northern Ireland
A.who
B.when
C.which
D.where
第8题
There’s no point waiting here any longer. We ____ go and have something to eat.
A.can hardly
B.are bound to
C.might as well
D.will have to
第9题
t decision; he canceled his MySpace account. The 26 years old graduate student stopped his account after realizing that a lot of his online friends were really just acquaintances. ―The superficial emptiness clouded the excitement I had once felt,‖ Henderson wrote in an article. ―It seems we have lost, to some degree, the special depth that true friendship is about.‖ Journalism professor Michael Bugeja, who is a strong supporter of face-to-face communication, read Henderson’s column and saw it was a sign of hope. Though he’s not anti-technology, Bugeja often lectures students about ―interpersonal intelligence‖ —knowing when, where, and for what purpose technology is most appropriate. He points out the students he’s seen walking across campus, holding hands with each other while talking on cell phones to someone else He’s also seen them in coffee shops, surrounded by people, but staring instead at a computer screen. ―True friends,‖ he says, ―need to learn when to stop blogging and go across campus to help a friend.‖ These days, young people are more wired than ever—but they’re also getting more worried. Increasingly, they’ve had to deal with online bullies, who are posting anything from embarrassing photos to online threats. And increasingly, young people also are realizing that things they post on their profiles can come back to hurt them when applying for schools or jobs. Social networking can be an ―extremely effective‖ way to publicize events to large groups. It can even help build a sense of community on campus. People joined Facebook as a way to meet others. However, it has limitations. A good Internet profile could make even the most boring person seem some what interesting. People are also not always happy with text messages on the cell phones. Cell phones can be a quick way to say ―have a good day‖. But friends can also cancel a night out with a text message to avoid having to explain. ―Our generation needs to get over this fear of confrontation and rejection.‖ Henderson says. ―The focus needs to be on quality communication, in all ways.‖ Back in his life, Henderson is enjoying spending more face-to-face time with his friends and less with his computer. He says his decision to quit his social-networking Internet accounts was a good one. ―I’m not sacrificing friends,‖ he says, ―because if a picture, some basic information about their life and a Web page is all my friendship has become, then there was nothing to sacrifice to begin with.‖ Questions 1—3 Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the passage. 1、 Although Henderson quit MySpace, most of his online friends are actually close friends. 2、 According to Bugeja, young people should know when to use technology and when to stop using it. 3、 Social networking helps build a sense of community but has a negative effect on young people’s life if it is used inappropriately. Questions 4—5 Answer the following questions briefly according to the passage. 4、 What does Henderson lose by using social networking websites like Myspace? 5、 What do young people need to overcome in order to focus on quality communication?
第10题
roduced when a person moves to a completely new environment. This term expresses the feeling of not knowing what to do or how to do things in a new environment. This term expresses the feeling of not knowing what to do or how to do things in a new environment. We can describe culture shock as the physical and emotional discomfort a person suffers when coming to live in a place different from the place of origin. Often, the way that we live before is not accepted or considered as normal in the new place. Everything is different, for example, not speaking the language, not knowing how to use banking machines, not knowing how to use telephones, and so forth. The symptoms of culture shock can appear at different times. Although a person can experience real pain from culture shock, it is also an opportunity for growing and learning new perspectives. Culture shock can help people develop a better understanding of themselves and stimulate personal creativity. Culture shock has many stages. Each stage can be ongoing, or appear only at certain times. In the first stage, the new arrival may feel very happy about all of the new experience. This time is called the honeymoon stage. Afterward, the second stage presents itself. A person may encounter some difficulties in daily life. For example, communication difficulties may occur, such as not being understood. In this stage, there may be feelings of impatience, anger and sadness. Transition between the old methods and those of the new country is a difficult process and takes time to complete. The third stage is characterized by gaining some understanding of the new culture. A new feeling of pleasure and sense of humor may be experienced. A person may start to feel a psychological balance. The individual is more familiar with the environment and wants to belong. This starts an evaluation of the old ways versus those of the new. In the fourth stage, the person realizes that the new culture has good and bad things to offer. This stage can be one of double integration or triple integration, depending on the number of cultures that the person has to process. This integration is characterized by a more solid feeling of belonging. The person starts to define himself or herself and establish goals for living. The fifth stage is the stage that is called the reentry shock. This occurs when a person returns to the newly acquired customs are considered improper in the old culture. Questions 56—60 Complete the summary with words from the passage, changing the form where necessary, with only one word for each blank. Introduced in 1958, culture shock is a term used to (1) __________ physical and emotional discomfort people experience when they come to or live in a new place. Although many people suffer a lot from culture shock, it is an (2) _________ for personal improvement. The five stages of culture shock may last for a long time or show up once in a while. In the first stage, the (3) __________ stage, the new arrival might be OK with everything. Afterward, (4) ________ from old methods to the new one calls for time and energy. During the third and fourth stage, people may gain more understanding of the new culture and possess objective views. The double or triple integration is (5) __________ by a feeling of belonging. The last stage, called reentry shock, refers to the feeling people have when returning to their home country.
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