It is the informal meetings which make the most far-reaching decisions or recommendations in the day-to-day running of an organization.

Today I have read the Tempest ... Among the many reasons which make me glad to have been born in England, and one of the first is that I read Shakespeare in my mother tongue. If I try to imagine myself as one who cannot know him face to face, who hears him only speaking from afar, and that in accents which only through the labouring intelligence can touch the living soul, there comes upon me a sense of chill discouragement, of dreary deprivation. I am wont to think that I can read Homer, and, assuredly, if any man enjoys him, it is I; but can I for a moment dream that Homer yields me all his music, that his word is to me as to him who walked by the Hellenic shore when Hellas lived? I know that there reaches me across the vast of time no more than a faint and broken echo; I know that it would be fainter still, but for its blending with those memories of youth which are as a glimmer of the worlds primeval glory.

There are three basic sections which make up a receiver: the tuner or radio signal receiving section, the preamplifier control section, and the power amplifier section. In very elaborate hi fi systems these three sections actually may be purchased as separate units, for increased flexibility and control or as a means of assembling the system in stages using the "building block" approach.

The Tuner Section

The tuner section may be equipped to receive only FM signals or both AM and FM signals. Since it is possible to broadcast stereo (two channel) sound via FM, most hi fi receivers have circuitry for decoding the complex composite received signal into separate "left and right" channel signals.

The front end of the tuner section selects the particular signal desired from the hundreds of radio signals present in the atmosphere. As you tune the dial, resonant or tuned circuits are changed so as to be responsive to a single frequency. In the case of FM signals, tuning is adjustable from 88 MHz (millions of alternations/second of the radio wave) to 108 MHz. Since each FM station occupies a space of 0.2 MHz, that means a theoretical maximum of 100 stations is possible in one geographical area. Actually fewer stations are assigned in any one area, so that one station' s signal will not cause audible interference with an adjacent station. In the case of AM, stations broadcast at frequencies ranging from 540 kHz to 1605 kHz (1 kHz = 1000 alternations per second) and selection of desired stations is similar to the technique used in FM.

The signal is amplified by the front end and mixed with a locally generated signal in the receiver to produce a different frequency known as the IF signal (Intermediate Frequency). In the case of AM, the IF frequency is generally 455 kHz. In the case of FM radio, the IF frequency is 10.7 MHz. The process is known as super heterodyne and since the local signal and received signal are always a fixed amount apart, the succeeding IF amplifiers need not be variably tuned but can be designed simply to amplify 455 kHz (for AM) or 10.7 MHz (for FM).

Difference Between FM and AM

In AM radio the amplitude of the radio wave is varied in accordance with the audio information to be broadcast. Hence the name Amplitude Modulation. In FM it is the radio frequency that is varied based on audio signals. It is this feature that makes FM relatively noise free since noise or static is an amplitude phenomenon. If noise accompanies the FM signals the noise can be sliced off by circuits called limiters without impairing the frequency-changing nature of the FM signal.

While the circuits themselves differ, the amplified IF signals are then applied to a detector circuit which strips off the original audio information. In FM, the detector is called a radio detector. The output of either the AM detector or the FM detector is an audio signal suitable for application to and further processing by the "preamplifier control" section o{ the receiver.

In the case o{ stereo FM the recovered audio signal must be further processed or "unscrambled" to recover the separate "left" and "right" audio channels. This is accomplished by the multiplex decoder circuits.

In an FM radio, the Intermediate Frequency is usually ______.

A．10.7 MHz

B．455 kHz

C．540 kHz

D．1605 kHz

This country, as Lincoln said, belongs to the people. So do the natural resources which make it rich. They supply the basis of our prosperity now and hereafter. In preserving them, which is a national duty, we must not forget that monopoly is based on the control of natural resources and natural advantages, and that it will help the people little to conserve our natural wealth unless the benefits which it can yield are given back to the people.

Let us remember, also, that conservation does not stop with the natural resources. The principle of making the best use of all we have requires that we stop the waste of human life in industry and prevent the waste of human welfare which flows from the unfair use of concentrated power and wealth in the hands of men whose eagerness for profit blinds them to the cost of what they do. We have no higher duty than to promote the efficiency of the individual. There is no surer road to the efficiency of the nation.

What plays an essential role in making the nation prosperous according to this passage?

A．Its money.

B．Its trade.

C．Its natural resources,

D．Its people.

There are many factors which may have an influence on adults and children being able to lead a healthy life.

Nowadays, people are very busy. Often, both parents work outside the home. Children are expected to take on more responsibility at home to help their parents. They also have sporting and leisure activities as well as school expectations.

The busyness also adds another factor: the need to use cars to get from one place to another quickly.

Today, society places a lot of emphasis on technology. Computers, DVDs, CDs, television, PlayStations and Xboxes have become major leisure activities, rather than traditional more active pursuits. This has led to a more sedentary lifestyle.

The media provide entertainment and information. (79)Unfortunately, they also promote fast food which fits easily into busy lifestyles. It is much more convenient at times to buy a quick takeaway rather than prepare a meal. The media constantly bombard(轰炸) their audience with "perfect" body images, the need to buy the most fashionable clothes, the most up-to-date computer games, the best places to visit and the best things to do.

Environments vary. We may be exposed to pollution, such as cigarette smoke. This can be harmful to people who suffer from breathing difficulties. (80)Environments where passive smoking is unavoidable make it difficult to lead a healthy life.

Perhaps the important factor influencing healthy lifestyles is motivation, or the desire to be healthy. Any person who wants to be healthy will find a way to be healthy—if he/she is motivated enough!

The passage is mainly about______.

A．benefits of a healthy life style

B．demands of daily life

C．factors affecting a healthy lifestyle

D．a positive approach to healthy living

To spoil something by bringing in the impure which make it unfit or unclear to use, we call it______.

You should probably ______ the point whether it is worthy of your efforts before you make the final decision.

A．impart

B．cater

C．assert

D．ascertain

As in most ethical situations, making a true or false promise involves other people. Almost every time we ask "What should I do?" we are aware that other people are involved in our behavior. Why should someone ask himself before making a false promise, "Is it right?" It may be that he is afraid of being found out. He may, however, wonder whether it is fair to the other person. How we relate ourselves to others or how we behavior. affects others makes up most of the subject matter of ethics. Being aware of others is more than wondering how our actions will affect them; we are also Concerned about how the behavior. of others will affect us. There is no satisfactory way for us to avoid the presence of other people. The most we can do is try to arrange the rules of behavior, of ethics, in order to reduce the amount of friction and conflict and thereby achieve the greatest amount of harmony. Whether our actions are right and good will depend to a great extent on the effect they will have on others. Actions such as telling a falsehood, stealing, injuring, and killing are considered wrong most of the time because they result in varying degrees of harm to someone. They also produce reactions from the victims, who in effect say, "If it is right for you to do that to me, then I will not hesitate to do the same thing to you."