Education is governed by state and local government instead of the national governmetn in America.（）

回答题。

Problems of Universities

In many states this year, budget requests by state universities have had to be scaled back or frozen, while tuition, the share of the cost borne by the students themselves, has gone up--in some cases faster than the rate of inflation. The problem for the governors is particularly distressing because they all agree that the quality of their colleges and universities helps drive the economic engines of their states. And they are constantly being told by everyone from college administrators to editorial writers that the only way to make their state universities better is to spend more money.

So it was against this backdrop that members of the National Governors Association came together in this New England city this past week to discuss issues of common concern, one being higher education. And the focus of their talks about colleges centered not on how money could be more effectively directed, but how to get greater productivity out of a system that many feel has become high inefficient and resistive to change.

As a result, the governors will embark on a three-year study of higher education system and how to make state colleges and universities better able to meet the challenges of a global economy in the 21st century. And judging from the tenor and tone of their discussion, the study could produce a push for higher standards, more efficiency and greater accountability. "When it comes to higher education, we talk a lot about money, but we don&39;t often talk of standards and accountability. With tuition rising faster than the rate of inflation and students taking longer and longer to finish college, one of these days the public is going to say, &39;Enough!&39;" Pennsylvania Republican Gov. Tom Ridge said.

Ridge and his fellow governors came away from the meetings resolute in the belief that higher education needs a fresh look and possibly a major boost in productivity to meet demands of new technologies and a changing work force. Several governors noted that establishment of clearer standards, greater efficiencies in providing services, and more student competency testing might be needed, in addition to curriculum inspection.

Such proposals would be sure to shake up those who protect the status quo and trigger a major public debate. Education establishments that often believe that they know best tend to get nervous when elected officials seek to become involved. Utah GOP Gov. Mike Leavitt said the NGA discussion represented a "major shift" in the way governors address higher education and signaled their desire for greater direct involvement by the state chief executives in the oversight of their state university systems. While the governors were quick to note that American higher education is still the best in the world, they say adjustments that reflect the changing of the global economy might be needed to keep it that way.

The reduction of higher education budget in many states upsets the governors because they believe that__________. 查看材料

A.students should not pay their own tuition to get education

B.more money is needed to make their universities better

C.college administrators and editorial writers know better than them about education

D.the quality of their colleges and universities reflects the economic status of the states

In many states this year, budget requests by state universities have had to be scaled back or frozen, while tuition, the share of the cost borne by the students themselves, has gone up—in some cases faster than the rate of inflation. The problem for the governors is particularly distressing because they all agree that the quality of their colleges and universities helps drive the economic engines of their states. And they are constantly being told by everyone from college administrators to editorial writers that the only way to make their state universities better is to spend more money.

So it was against this backdrop that members of the National Governors Association came together in this New England city this past week to discuss issues of common concern, one being higher education. And the focus of their talks about colleges centered not on how money could be more effectively directed, but how to get greater productivity out of a system that many feel has become high inefficient and resistive to change.

As a result, the governors will embark on a three-year study of higher education system and how to make state colleges and universities better able to meet the challenges of a global economy in the 21st century. And judging from the tenor and tone of their discussion, the study could produce a push for higher standards, more efficiency and greater accountability. "When it comes to higher education, we talk a lot about money, but we don't often talk of standards and accountability. With tuition rising faster than the rate of inflation and students taking longer and longer to finish college, one of these days the public is going to say, 'Enough'" Pennsylvania Republican Gov. Tom Ridge said.

Ridge and his fellow governors came away from the meetings resolute in the belief that higher education needs a fresh look and possibly a major boost in productivity to meet demands of new technologies and a changing work force. Several governors noted that establishment of clearer standards, greater efficiencies in providing services, and more student competency testing might be needed, in addition to curriculum inspection.

Such proposals would be sure to shake up those who protect the status quo and trigger a major public debate. Education establishments that often believe that they know best tend to get nervous when elected officials seek to become involved. Utah GOP Gov. Mike Leavitt said the NGA discussion represented a "major shift" in the way governors address higher education and signaled their desire for greater direct involvement by the state chief executives in the oversight of their state university systems. While the governors were quick to note that American higher education is still the best in the world, they say adjustments that reflect the changing of the global economy might be needed to keep it that way.

The reduction of higher education budget in many states upsets the governors because they believe that______.

A．students should not pay their own tuition to get education

B．more money is needed to make their universities better

C．college administrators and editorial writers know better than them about education

D．the quality of their colleges and universities reflects the economic status of the states

northern ireland today is governed by separate jurisdictions：that of republic of ireland and that of great britain. ()

In many states, budget requests by state universities have had to be scaled back or frozen, while tuition, the share of the cost borne by the students themselves, has gone up. The problem with the governors【M1】______ is particularly distressing because they all agree that the quality of their colleges and universities helps drive the economic engines of their states. And they are constantly being told by everyone like【M2】______ college administrators to editorial writers that only way to make【M3】______ their state universities better is to spend more money. But it was against this backdrop that members of the association【M4】______ came together in this city to discuss issues of common concern, one is higher education. And the focus of their talks about college【M5】______ centered not on how money could be more effectively directed, but on what to get greater productivity out of a system that has【M6】______ become highly inefficient and resistive against change.【M7】______ As a result, the governors will embark a three-year study of【M8】______ higher education system and how to make state colleges and universities better able to meet the challenges of a global economy in the 21st century. And judging from the tenor and tone of their discussion, the study could produce a push in for higher standards,【M9】______ more efficiency and greater accountability. Pennsylvania Governor Tom Ridge and his fellow governors came away from the meetings resolute with the belief that higher education needs a fresh look and【M10】______ possibly a major boost in productivity to meet demands of new technologies and a changing work force.

【M1】

No blueprint exists for transforming an economy from one with a great deal of government control to one based almost solely on free market principles. Yet the experience of the United Kingdom since 1979 clearly shows one approach that works: privatization, in which under-performing state-owned are sold to private companies.

By 1979, the total amount of debt, liabilities, and losses for state-controlled enterprises in the UK topped 3 billion annually. By selling off many of these companies, particularly those in the depressed industrial sector, the government decreased its debt burden and ceased pumping public funds into money losing enterprises. According to government spokesperson Alistair McBride, "Far from past practice of throwing good money after bad, the Queen's government this year expects to take in 34 billion from the proceeds of the sale". That, say some analysts, may only be the beginning. Privatization has not only been credited with rescuing whole industries but the nation's economy to boot.

Due to increased tax revenues from the newly privatized companies along with a rebound in the overall economy, economic forecasters predict that Britain will be able to repay nearly 12.5% of the net national debt within two years. That is good news indeed for the economy as a whole at a time when many sectors are desperate for any ray of sunshine. British Airways this week announced a 20% jump in overall ticket sales and profits over this quarter a year ago. British Gas announced its first profitable quarter in nine years. At Associated British Ports, a new labor contract was finalized, the first union contract signed at the port without a work stoppage in twelve years. Closer to home for most Britons, the nation's phone service, British Telecom, no longer puts new subscribers on a waiting list. Prior to privatization, new customers would sometimes have to wait months before phone service could be installed in their home. Now, according to a company press release, British Telecom is promising 24-hour turnaround for all new customers.

Part of this improved productivity has to do with new efforts to allow employees to hold a stake in the company's future. Companies now give their employees stock options that allow employees to share in the company's success (and profits). The response has been enthusiastic to say the least. At British Aerospace; 89% of those eligible to buy company shares did so. At British Telecom nearly 92% of eligible employees took part. Finally, at Associated British Ports, long synonymous with union disagreements, walkouts, and labor strife, almost 90% of employees now can call themselves owners of the company.

"When people have a personal stake in something", said Henry Dundee of Associated British Ports, "they think about it, they care about, they work to make it prosper". At the National Freight Consortium, itself no stranger to labor problems, the new employee-owners actually voted down an employee pay-increase and, pressured union representatives to relax demands for increased wages and expanded benefits. "Privatization was only the start", says one market analyst, "what we may have here is a new industrial revolution".

UK's experience in 1979 demonstrates that _____.

A．government control can be based on free market principles.

B．privatization is the only way out for UK's economic development.

C．state-owned enterprises can benefit a lot from privatization.

D．a major transformation in economic system is feasible.

By selling off state-owned enterprises the government will be able to do the following EXCEPT _____.

A．repay some of its huge national debts and liabilities.

B．stop investing public funds into enterprises.

C．harvest a big amount of tax revenue.

D．help some depressed industrial sectors to recover.