It can be inferred from the passage that if the prostaglandin synthetase is only partially

Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?

A．An argument is put forth and evidence for and against it given.

B．An assertion is made and opposing evidence presented.

C．Two hypotheses are described and shown to inconsistent with one another.

D．A phenomenon is identified and illustrations of this phenomenon offered.

E．A specific case of a phenomenon is discussed a generalization drawn.

iving a unanimous vote of "qualified" on the formal rating scale used by the Lawyers Committee. That committee advises the Senate on judicial appointments. Which of the following, if true, is the best reason for dismissing the senators claim that Jones is highly qualified?

A．Several members of the Lawyers" Committee are not themselves qualified for judicial appointments.

B．The Lawyers" Committee does not advise the Senate on all judicial appointments.

C．The Lawyers" Committee gives a unanimous vote of "qualified" only to those candidates for judicial appointments who meet the committee"s stringent standards for appropriate prior experience and ethical conduct.

D．The Lawyers" Committee gives a unanimous vote of either "highly qualified" or "very highly qualified" to 95 percent of all candidates for judicial appointments.

E．Jones, like most lawyers, is a member of the professional organization that originally suggested the establishment of the Lawyers" Committee.

researcher examined more than three hundred people who had engaged in unusually violent behavior. toward friends and family members. In most of the people studied, the researcher found clues of brain abnormalities, including evidence of past brain injury and physical abnormality. The researcher concluded that evidence of brain abnormalities could be used to predict violent behavior. Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the researchers conclusion?

A．The incidence of brain abnormalities in the general population is as high as that in the group examined.

B．The brain abnormalities discovered in those studied are of two distinct kinds.

C．A wide variety of violent actions were exhibited by those studied.

D．Those studied in the experiment acted violently toward strangers as well as toward people they knew.

E．The study drew its subjects from a large geographical area.

ning new construction?By using those established technologies that the authors of the codes had in mind when setting specifications. This, unfortunately, means that there will never be any significant technological innovation within the industry. Which of the following, if true, casts the most serious doubt on the conclusion above?

A．Among the authors of codes governing new construction are people who were formerly building contractors.

B．The authors of codes governing new construction are under pressure to set rigorous specifications.

C．What are now regarded as established technologies were once so innovative that the authors of the codes then applicable could not have foreseen them.

D．Noncompliance with the codes governing new construction can prove extremely costly to the building contractor in charge of the project.

E．The established technologies of one country" s building industry can be very different from those of another"s.

ncient ancestors of the human species, were great collections of animal bones. From the frequencies of types of bones, it can be seen that many bones represented only parts of animals that must have died elsewhere. The australopithecines thus must have been mighty hunters, to have brought home so much meat. Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the conclusion drawn above?

A．The australopithecines sometimes moved from cave to cave for shelter and did not remain in one cave for a lifetime.

B．The australopithecine bones found in the caves were those of adult males, adult females, and juveniles.

C．Evidence of the use of fire was absent from the caves in which the collections of bones were found.

D．Marks on the bones, including the bones of the australopithecines, are consistent with teeth marks of large catlike animals of the period.

E．The bones in the cave did not include bones of an elephantlike animal that existed in the area at the time of the australopithecines.

tained only from the bark of the Ibora, a tree that is quite rare in the wild. It takes the bark of 5,000 trees to make one kilogram of the drug. It follows, therefore, that continued production of the drug must inevitably lead to the Iboras extinction. Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument above?

A．The drug made from Ibora bark is dispensed to doctors from a central authority.

B．The drug made from Ibora bark is expensive to produce.

C．The leaves of the Ibora are used in a number of medical products.

D．The Ibora can be propagated from cuttings and grown under cultivation.

E．The Ibora generally grows in largely inaccessible places.

e about proprietary results on their in-house researchers and their academic consultants. This constraint, in turn, would slow the development of biological science and engineering. Which of the following, if true, would tend to weaken most seriously the prediction of scientific secrecy described above?

A．Biotechnological research funded by industry has reached some conclusions that are of major scientific importance.

B．When the results of scientific research are kept secret, independent researchers are unable to build on those results.

C．Since the research priorities of biotechnology companies are not the same as those of academic institutions, the financial support of research by such companies distorts the research agenda.

D．To enhance the companies" standing in the scientific community, the biotechnology companies encourage employees to publish their results, especially results that are important.

E．Biotechnology companies devote some of their research resources to problems that are of fundamental scientific importance and that are not expected to produce immediate practical applications.

r ancient ancestors who were also foragers. A flaw in this strategy is that forager societies are extremely varied. Indeed, any forager society with which anthropologists are familiar has had considerable contact with modern nonforager societies. Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the criticism made above of the anthropologists strategy?

A．All forager societies throughout history have had a number of important features in common that are absent from other types of societies.

B．Most ancient forager societies either dissolved or made a transition to another way of life.

C．All anthropologists study one kind or another of modern-day society.

D．Many anthropologists who study modern-day forager societies do not draw inferences about ancient societies on the basis of their studies.

E．Even those modern-day forager societies that have not had significant contact with modern societies are importantly different from ancient forager societies.

levels that are, on average, much higher than the levels found in older houses. The reason air-pollution levels are higher in the newer houses is that many such houses are built near the sites of old waste dumps or where automobile emissions are heavy. Which of the following, if true, calls into question the explanation above?

A．Many new houses are built with air-filtration systems that remove from the house pollutants that are generated indoors.

B．The easing of standards for smokestack emissions has led to an increase in air-pollution levels in homes.

C．New houses built in secluded rural areas are relatively free of air pollutants.

D．Warm-weather conditions tend to slow down the movement of air, thus keeping pollution trapped near its source.

E．Pressboard, an inexpensive new plywood substitute now often used in the construction of houses, emits the pollutant formaldehyde into the house.

control laws was 645 crimes per 100,000 persons—about 50 percent higher than the average rate in the eleven states where strict gun-control laws have never been passed. Thus one way to reduce violent crime is to repeal strict gun control laws. Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the argument above?

A．The annual rate of violent crime in states with strict gun-control laws has decreased since the passage of those laws.

B．In states with strict gun-control laws, few individuals are prosecuted for violating such laws.

C．In states without strict gun-control laws, many individuals have had no formal training in the use of firearms.

D．The annual rate of nonviolent crime is lower in states with strict gun-control laws than in states without such laws.

E．Less than half of the individuals who reside in states without strict gun-control laws own a gun.