How to approach Reading Test Part Five&8226;This part of the Reading Test tests your abili

refully. Then you should make some notes covering your main ideas. After that, you can start writing.

(54)

How to approach Writing Test Part Two

？This part tests your ability to write longer letters, faxes and emails.

？Read the instructions carefully and underline the four points you must include in your answer.

？Write down a useful phrase you can use for each point.

？Write your answer. Tick off each point in the instructions as you include it.

？Make sure you use an appropriate opening and closing for the letter (e.g. Dear Mr .... Yours sincerely).

？Check you have written your answer in 60 - 80 words.

？Read this part of a letter from Anita Banks, who recently bought a washing machine from your company.

I am writing to complain about a washing machine I purchased from your company. It has not worked properly since it was installed last month.

I have written to you twice but have had no reply. I am now considering taking legal action.

？Write a letter to Mrs Banks:

？apologising for not replying earlier

？explaining the reason for the delay

？saying how you intend to deal with the problem

？promising to contact her again soon.

？Write 60- 80 words.

How to approach Writing Test Part One

&8226;This part tests your ability to write a short report expressing information which you are given in graphic form, such as bar charts, pie charts and graphs.

&8226;Read the instructions carefully so that you know what you are required to do: this is usually to describe or compare the information in the graphic input. Underline the keywords in the instructions.

&8226;Make an outline plan of the report.

&8226;Start with a brief description of what the report is about.

&8226;You can use suitable headings if you wish.

&8226;Try to use a wide range of appropriate vocabulary and grammatical structures.

&8226;You should not invent any information for this part.

&8226;Check that you have written your answer in 120-140 words (multiply the number of lines by the average number of words per line: don't waste time counting every word).

&8226;After writing, read what you have written, correct mistakes and make improvements. If you want to add anything, use a sign, e.g. *. Put a line through anything you want to omit. You should not rewrite your answer.

&8226;Make sure the examiner will be able to read your answer. Use a pen and your normal handwriting (do not write in capital letters).

&8226;You should spend about 20-25 minutes on this part.

1. Question 1

&8226;The charts on the opposite page show responses to questions in a recent survey of 100 independent consultants, about their age, type of business activity and marketing tools.

？ Using the information from the graphs, write a short report describing the situation for independent consultants.

？ Write 120 - 140 words.

ools. But relying on educators to approach this task correctly can be a great mistake. Many schools continue to employ instructional methods that have been proven ineffective. The staying power of the "look-say" or" whole-word" method of teaching beginning reading is perhaps the most flagrant example of this failure to instruct effectively.

The whole-word approach to reading stresses the meaning of words over the meaning of letters, thinking over decoding, developing a sight vocabulary of' familiar words over developing the ability to unlock the pronunciation of unfamiliar words. It fits in with. the selfdirected, "learning how to learn" activities recommended by advocates (倡导者) of" open" classrooms and with the concept that children have to be developmentally ready to begin reading. Before 1963, no major publisher put out anything but these"Run-Spot-Run"readers.

However, in 1955, Rudolf Flesch touched off what has been called" the great debate" in beginning reading. In his best-seller Why Johnny Can't read, Flesch indicted (控诉)the nation's public schools for miseducating students by using the look-say method. He said—and more scholarly studies by Jeane Chall and Rovert Dykstra later confirmed—that another approach to beginning reading, founded on phonics(语音学), is far superior.

Systematic phonics first teaches children to associate letters, and letter combinations with sounds; it then teaches them how to blend these sounds together to make words. Rather than building up a relatively limited vocabulary of memorized words, it imparts a code by which the pronunciations of the vast majority of the most common words in the English language can be learned. Phonics does not devalue the importance of thinking about the meaning of words and sentences; it simply recognizes that decoding is the logical and necessary first step.

The author feels that counting on educators to teach reading correctly is______.

A．only logical and natural

B．the expected position

C．probably a mistake

D．merely effective instruction

How to approach Reading Test Part Two

？In this part of the Reading Test you match five people with items in a list.

？First read all the information. Note all the possible answers.

？Look for overall meaning. Do not choose an answer just because you can seethe same words in the text.

？Go back and decide which is the final answer

？Check that you have not used any letter' more than once.

？Look at the list below. It shows areas in a factory.

？For questions 6-10, choose the area (A-H) each person should go to.

？For each question, mark one letter (A-H).

？Do not use any letter more than once.

FACTORY AREAS

A Factory canteen

B Production

C Finance

D Delivery yard

E Human Resources

F Packing area

G Training rooms

H Warehouse

Janet Tomlinson, who currently works for a packaging company, has just arrived for a job interview.

How to approach Reading Test Part Four

•This part of the Reading Test tests your vocabulary

•Read the whole text quickly to find out what it is about. As you read, try to predict the words that might fill the gaps.

•Look at the four possible answers for each gap and cross out any obviously incorrect words.

•Then read both before and after each gap to decide which word should go in it. The word needs to fit both the meaning and the grammar

•After completing all the gaps, read the whole text again to check your answers.

•Read the article on the opposite page about how companies can attract and retain good quality staff.

？ Choose the best word from below to fill each gap.

？ For each question 21 - 30, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.

Finding and keeping tomorrow's high-fliers

To gain competitive advantage, organisations need to attract and retain potential high-performers who can develop and implement winning strategies. They need people with a genius for (21) things done quickly and effectively, which includes completing projects on time, and inspiring and leading colleagues. In (22) they need the ability to ensure a company's success. Such people can (23) their organisations to great heights.

However, many of those who stand (24) because of their talent leave because their employers are (25) to their agendas. In fact, many organisations need a clearer idea of what motivates such people.

Money is not particularly effective as a motivator, because high - performers tend to (26) a good financial package for granted. Empowerment is particularly significant for new talent, however, and wise employers (27) high - performers the opportunity to feel that they 'own' a project.

The challenge of the work is another essential motivator for high-fliers, who need to feel that their employer has a strong (28) of how the job contributes to their career development. High - performers should also have a platform. for self- development, to enable them to (29) their skills.

Above all, high - performers want to feel that the organisation they work for (30) them as special. If they find that it is not interested in them as people but only as high-performing commodities, it will be hardly surprising if their loyalty is minimal.

An organisation which bears ail this in mind is in a better position to keep its high-fliers, both present and future.

(21)

A．getting

B．making

C．setting

D．running

请阅读Passage l。完成第小题。

Teaching children to read well from the start is the most important task of elementary schools. But relying on educators to approach this task correctly can be a great mistake. Many schools continue to employ instructional methods that have been proven ineffective. The staying power of the "look-say" or "whole-word" method of teaching beginning reading is perhaps the most flagrant example of this failure to instruct effectively.

The whole-word approach to reading stresses the meaning of words over the meaning of letters， thinking over decoding， developing a sight vocabulary of familiar words over developing the ability to unlock the pronunciation of unfamiliar words. It fits in with the self-directed，"learning how to learn" activities recommended by advocates of "open" classrooms and with the concept that children have to be developmentally ready to begin reading. Before 1963， no major publisher put out anything but these "Run-Spot-Run" readers.

However， in 1955， Rudolf Flesch touched off what has been called "the great debate" in beginning reading. In his best-seller Why Johnny Can"t Read， Flesch indicted the nation"s public schools for miseducating students by using the look-say method. He said——and more scholarly studies by Jeane Chall and Rovert Dykstra later confirmed——that another approach to beginning reading， founded on phonics， is far superior.

Systematic phonics first teaches children to associate letters and letter combinations with

sounds; it then teaches them how to blend these sounds together to make words. Rather than building up a relatively limited vocabulary of memorized words， it imparts a code by which the pronunciations of the vast majority of the most common words in the English language can be learned. Phonics does not devalue the importance of thinking about the meaning of words and sentences; it simply recognizes that decoding is the logical and necessary first step.

The author feels that counting on educators to teach reading correctly is_________. 查看材料

A. only logical and natural

B. the expected position

C. probably a mistake

D. merely effective instruction

How to approach Reading Test Part Five

&8226;This part of the Reading Test tests your grammar

&8226;Read the whole text quickly to find out what it is about. As you read, try to predict the words that might fill the gaps.

&8226;Then read the text again, and write down one word for each gap. Make sure the word fits both the meaning and the grammar

&8226;Read the article below about communicating clearly.

&8226;For each question 31 - 40, write one word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet.

Write clearly to prevent problems later

Business communication has never been quicker. Faxes, emails and text messages can be written and sent almost as soon as the thought has occurred to the writer.

Yet messages sent with too (31) consideration can cause serious problems, (32) as damage to budgets or business relationships. They can also lead to long and expensive disputes. Because many contractual relationships between organisations are based on a series of communications, (33) a single detailed agreement, those communications must be prepared carefully to ensure they are clear and unambiguous. Problems can be avoided if a (34) basic rules are followed.

The favoured style. in English, these days, is that communications should be accurate, brief and clear. Everyone they are devised (35) should be able to understand them easily, and (36) should anyone who may have to deal with them at a later stage. Use plain language without unnecessary words, and write positively (37) a negative is necessary.

Avoiding ambiguity is surprisingly difficult. For instance, 'Priority should be given to on-time delivery' does not specify (38) party has the relevant obligation, but 'Company X must deliver on time' is unambiguous.

Make sure the subject and purpose of the document are apparent, and that the communication follows a logical structure. Short sentences, with one idea per sentence, are easier to understand and considerably (39) prone to ambiguity.

Tips like these may seem like common sense, but if they were more widely observed, (40) 'would be far fewer disputes. Clear business communication can really pay off.

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How to approach Reading Test Part Four

•This part of the Reading Test tests your vocabulary.

•Read the whole text quickly to find out what it is about. As you read, try to predict the words that might fill the gaps.

•Look at the four possible answers for each gap and cross out any obviously incorrect words,

•Then read both before and after each gap to decide which word should go in it. The word needs to fit both the meaning and the grammar

•After completing all the gaps, read the whole text again to check your answers,

？ Read the text on the opposite page about decision-making.

？ Choose the best word from below to fill each gap.

？ For each question 21-30, mark one letter (A,B,C or D)on your Answer sheet.

Decisions, decisions ...

Poor decisions are commonplace. In fact, they are often institutionalised In the workplace, poor decisions (21) good ones in many situations. While management consultants (22) companies on many aspects of running a business, basic decision-making is often (23) out of the equation. Professor Larry Phillips, who teaches at the London School of Economics, says: 'Because we make decisions all the time, it is (24) that we know how to do it.' It is a skill which is supposed to come (25) but many of us would fare better with coaching.

Psychologist Rob Yeung of consultancy Kiddy & Partners says millions of pounds are lost in business because the wrong people are hired. 'Although businesses may be quite good at (26) the terrible candidates from the mediocre ones, they aren't very good at (27) those who are just good from those who are excellent.'

And many businesses have procedures that repress good decisions. Phillips says: 'One of the most commonplace problems is that people are held to (28) without the requisite responsibility to meet that authority .That creates tremendous anxiety.' For instance, you will see manufacturing departments which are (29) by the sales income they achieve - but the sales price is set by someone else. Managers will often be blamed by their bosses for a downturn in commercial activity when the true culprit is market conditions. 'There is a failure to understand variability,' says Phillips, who bemoans the (30) tendency to judge companies by their last quarter's results alone.

(21)

A．overestimate

B．exaggerate

C．outnumber

D．supersede

How to approach Writing Test Part Two

&8226;Part Two counts for two thirds of the total marks in the Writing Test.

&8226;You should spend about 30 minutes on Part Two.

&8226;You will be asked to write a report, proposal or piece of business correspondence.

&8226;You will be given information, such as a letter, advertisement, or charts and graphs, as the starting point for your answer, and will be told who to write to.

&8226;About five 'handwritten' notes will also be given. You must use all these notes when writing your answer, and will need to invent information in connection with some of them. If you leave out any of the five notes, you will lose marks,

Planning

&8226;Read the instructions carefully so that you know what do, and underline the key words.

&8226;Make an outline plan, putting the five notes into a suitable order.

Writing

&8226;Start your answer by briefly saying why you are writing.

&8226;Express your ideas clearly.

&8226;Try to use a wide range of appropriate vocabulary and grammatical structures.

&8226;For a piece of business correspondence, include suitable openings and closings (e.g. Dear Ms Smith and Yours sincerely with your signature), but no addresses.

&8226;Do not present a report or proposal in the form. of a letter.

&8226;Make the formality of the language suitable for the reader(s).

Checking

&8226;After writing, read what you have written, correct mistakes and make improvements. If you want to add anything, use a sign, e.g. *. Put a line through anything you want to omit. Don't rewrite the whole of your answer.

&8226;Make sure the examiner will be able to read your answer. Use a pen and your normal handwriting (do not write in capital letters).

&8226;Check that you have written your answer in 120-140 words.

&8226;You work for Jango, a kitchen furniture manufacturer. Jango wants to start selling in Scotland, and is looking for an agency to handle its advertising there. In a business directory you have seen an entry for the advertising agency Westgate & Steyne.

&8226;Read Westgate & Steyne's entry below, on which you have made some notes.

&8226;Then, using all your notes, write a letter to Marion Westgate at Westgate & Steyne.

&8226;Write 120- 140 words.

How to approach Writing Test Part One

？Part One counts for one third of the total marks in the Writing Test.

？You should spend no more than 15 minutes on Part One.

？You will be asked to write a note, memo, email or message to one or more people in your company

？The first bullet point of the instructions outlines the situation.

？The second bullet point tells you what you should write, who you are writing it for, and the points that must be included.

？It is best to follow the order of the points that are required, as you will lose marks if you leave out any of them.

Planning

？Read the instructions carefully so that you know what to do, and underline the key words.

Writing

？Express yourself briefly and clearly

？For a memo or email you don't need to include to, from, date or subject.

？Try to use a range of appropriate vocabulary and grammatical structures.

？Make the language suitable for the reader(s).

Checking

？After writing, read what you have written, correct mistakes and make improvements. If you want to add anything, use a sign, e.g. *. Put a line through anything you want to omit. Don't rewrite the whole of your answer;

？Make sure the examiner will be able to read your answer. Use a pen and your normal handwriting (do not write in capital letters).

？Check that you have written your answer in 40-50 words.

？You are a manager in a large retail company. The directors have recently decided to introduce a staff suggestion scheme. You have been asked to organise the introduction of the scheme.

？Write a note to your assistant:

？saying when the scheme will begin

？explaining the purpose of the scheme

？asking him to inform. staff about the scheme.

？Write 40 - 50 words.