SECTION BENGLISH TO CHINESEDirections: Translate the following text into Chinese. For this

SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE

Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese.

Epicureans discover a place through its tastes. From the sweet sticky juices of mangoes or lobster, the sweetness of roast lamb or tomatoes, they learn about the climate, the soil, the topography. In the mingling of irresistible spices, the fragrances of cookies and bread, they discern intricate histories. And, of course, in the sharing of food, they encounter the people who harvest and cook it.

Fine restaurants are not the destination, though they certainly can provide part of the pleasure. Instead, it is the markets, neighborhood crannies, farms, vineyards, and docks that beckon—where the heart of place lies, and therefore its best tastes.

So where are epicureans traveling these days? All over the globe" there's no corner untouched by that great taste imperialist, imagination. Yet, in the most recent search of cooks, one thing stands out. The demand for food is not for the newest dish but for the newest old dish—the flavors and traditions that endure undiluted and undisturbed by modernization.

The desire to use language as a sign of national identity

is a very natural one, and in result language has played a 【B1】 ______

prominent part in national moves. Men have often felt the 【B2】 ______

need to cultivate a given language to show that they are

distinctive from another race whose hegemony they resent. 【B3】 ______

At the time the United States split off from Britain, for 【B4】 ______

example, there were proposals that independence should be

linguistically accepted by the use of a different language from 【B5】 ______

those of Britain. There was even one proposal that Americans 【B6】 ______

should adopt Hebrew. Others favoured the adoption of

Greek, though, as one man put it, things would certainly be

simpler for Americans if they stuck on to English and made 【B7】 ______

the British learn Greek. At the end, as everyone knows, the 【B8】 ______

two countries adopted the practical and satisfactory solution

of carrying with the same language as before. 【B9】 ______

Since nearly two hundred years now, they have shown 【B10】 ______

the world that political independence and national identity

can be complete without sacrificing the enormous mutual

advantages of a common language.

【B1】

SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE

Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese.

Museums are, like everything else, products of history. They have all changed a great deal over time and can change again. They need to. Museums spring, essentially, from the Enlightenment. The British Museum was founded in 1753, a century-and-a-half after Galileo, but a hundred years before Darwin. The rapidly accumulating collections in the world' s first public museums were a by-product of the birth of modern science, when researchers made discoveries by building collections—a devil's toenail, for example, entered museums as an object of wonder only later to be re-labeled as the fossil of an extinct oyster.

In our post-Enlightenment age, the visible world has lost much of its mystery (which is perhaps why we care so little for it). Collecting is no longer a key method of research. Nor might so many people have visited museums in the past if they had been able to hop on a plane to see a kangaroo for themselves, or buy a book of color reproductions of Japanese prints, or watch, from the comfort of a couch, a computer simulation of a dinosaur sinking its teeth into its latest victim. Hence museum curators cannot go on running their museums as if the world hasn't changed. Yet many operate as if the last eddies of the Enlightenment still lapped through their galleries and stores.

SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE

Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese.

Scientific methodology is based on generating hypotheses and testing them to see if they make sense; in laboratories throughout the world, researchers spend at least as much time trying to disprove a theory as they do trying to prove it. Eventually, those ideas that don't prove false are accepted. But fingerprinting was developed by the police, not by scientists, and it has never been subjected to rigorous analysis—you cannot go to Harvard, Berkeley, or Oxford and talk to the scholar working on fingerprint research. Yet by the early twentieth century, fingerprinting had become so widely accepted in American courts that further research no longer seemed necessary, and none of any significance has been completed.

The discussion of fingerprinting is only the most visible element in a much larger debate about how forensic science fits into the legal system. For years, any sophisticated attorney was certain to call upon expert witnesses to assert whatever might help his case. And studies have shown that juries are in fact susceptible to the influence of such experts. Until recently, though, there were no guidelines for qualification; nearly anybody could be called an expert, which meant that, unlike other witnesses, the expert could present his "opinion" almost as if it were fact.

Between about 1920 to 1930, new artistic movements in European 【M1】______

art were making themselves felt in the United States. American

artists become acquainted with the new art on their trips to Paris and

at the exhibitions in the famous New York gallery 291 (named with 【M2】______

its address on Fifth Avenue) of the photographer Alfred Stieglitz.

But most important in the spread of the modem movement in the

United States was the sensational Armory Show, in which the work of 【M3】______

many of the leading European artists were seen along with that of a

number of progressive American painters. Several of the American

modernists who were influenced by the Armory Show found the

urban landscapes, especially New York, an appealing subject.

Comparing with the realist painters, the American modernists were much

removed from the actual appearance of the city. However, both the

painters of the Ash Can School and the latter realists were still tied 【M4】______

to 19th century or earlier styles, while the early modernists shared

with the international breakthroughs of the art of the 20th century. 【M5】______

Cubism brought about a minor revolution in Western painting, 【M6】______

which overturned the rational tradition that was built upon since the【M7】______

Renaissance. In Cubism, natural forms were broken down analytical 【M8】______

into geometric shapes.

No longer a clear differentiation made between the figure and 【M9】______

the background of painting: the objects rep-resented and the surface

on which they were painted be-came one. The Cubists abandoned

the conventional single vantage point of the viewer, and objects

depicting from multiple viewpoints were shown at the same time. 【M10】______

【M1】

o you expect to find? Will you accept a job that satisfies your interest or one that brings a good income? Write an essay of about 300 words entitled

1. My Ideal Job

In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.

Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.

Write your composition on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.

SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH

Directions: Translate the following text into English.

行路难，但人生之路谁都要走。有的人在赶路，心急切切，步匆匆，眼中只有目标却忽略了风景。可路迢迢不知哪儿是终点。有的人如游客，不急不慌，走走停停，看花开花落，看云卷云舒，有时也在风中走，雨中行，心却像张开的网，放过焦躁苦恼。

人生之路谁不走?只是走路别忽略了一路的良辰美景。

一个人工作的地方是小的，居住的家是小的，社交的圈是小的，有的人就越来越不满这缺乏变化的单调，有的人却总是怡然自得，随遇而安。

SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH

Directions: Translate the following text into English.

以上都表明只要有了点基础的英语语法知识和初步的英语词汇，在阅读时就应永远留心注意一切异常的和特殊的语言现象，并在看到它们时用心思考，直至彻底弄懂。

但是，这样推崇思维的作用决不应理解为对记忆的作用的任何贬抑。尽管这里强调了前者，后者还是根本性的，因为以英语习语之变化万千，除了通过努力记忆，谁能应付得了它们？实际上，中国过去无数学者（包括著名的中国英语学者辜鸿铭）的背诵学习方法本身就是明显的证据，表明艰苦记忆不公必需，而且也是行得通的。所需指出的是，应该强调的不是纯机械性死记，而必须是聪明巧妙和合乎科学的记忆。这也许就是记忆学习所以成为广泛引人兴趣和研究的科目的原因之一。

Demography is the statistical study of human population

It can be a-general science that can be applied to any kind

of dynamic population, that is, one that changed over 【M1】______

the time or space. It encompasses the study of the size, 【M2】______

structure and distribution of populations, and spatial or

temporal changes in them in response to birth, death,

migration and aging.

Human demography is the most well known discipline

of demography, and typically what people refer when 【M3】______

using the term demography. Demographic analysis

can be applied to whole societies or to groups defined by

criterion such as education, nationality, religion and ethnicity. 【M4】______

In academia, demography is often regarded as a branch

of either economy or sociology. Formal demography 【M5】______

limits its object of study to the measurement of populations

processes, when the more broad field of social demography 【M6】______

studies also analyze the relationships between

economic, social, cultural and biological processes influencing on 【M7】______

a population.

Ibn Khaldun (1332-1406) is regarded as the "father of demography"

for his economic analysis of social organization which

produced the first scientific and theoretical work on

population, development, and group dynamics. At the end of the

18th century, Thomas Malthus concluded that, if unchecked,

populations would be subject to exponential growth. He feared

that population growth would intend to outstrip growth in food 【M8】______

production, leading to ever increased famine and poverty; he 【M9】______

is seen as the intellectual father of ideas of overpopulation and

the limits for growth. Later more sophisticated and realistic 【M10】______

models were presented by Benjamin Gompertz and Verhulst.

【M1】

SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE

Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese.

Did these prejudices prevail only among the meatiest and lowest of the people, perhaps they might be excused, as they have few, if any, opportunities of correcting them by reading, travelling, or conversing with foreigners; but the misfortune is that they infect the minds and influence the conduct, even of our gentlemen; of those, I mean, Who have every title to this appellation but an exemption from prejudice, which however, in my opinion, ought to be regarded as the characteristical mark of a gentleman; for let a man's birth be ever so high, his station ever so exalted, or his fortune ever so large, yet if he is not free from national and other prejudices, I should make bold to tell him that he had a low and vulgar mind, and had no just claim to the character of a gentleman. And in fact, you will always find that those are most apt to boast of national merit, who have little or no merit of their own to depend on.