?Read the article about supermarket.
?Choose the best sentence to fill each of the gaps.
?For each gap 8—12, mark one letter (A—G) on your Answer Sheet.
?Do not use any letter more than once.
?There is an example at the beginning.
Supermarket
Supermarket is a type of retailing institution that has a moderately broad product assortment spanning groceries and some nonfood lines, that ordinarily emphasizes price in either an offensive or defensive way. As a method, supermarket retailing features several related product lines, a high degree of self-service, largely centralized checkout, and competitive prices. The supermarket approach to retailing is used to sell various kinds of merchandise, (8) .
The term supermarket usually refers to an institution in the grocery retailing field. Most supermarkets emphasize price. Some use price offensively by featuring low prices in order to attract customers. Other supermarkets use price more defensively by relying on leader pricing to avoid a price disadvantage. Since supermarkets typically have very thin gross margins, they need high levels of inventory turnover to achieve satisfactory returns on invested capital.
Supermarkets originated in-the early 1930s. They were established by independents (9) . Supermarkets were an immediate success, and the innovation was soon adopted by chain stores. In recent decades supermarkets have added various nonfood lines to provide customers with one-stop shopping convenience and to improve overall gross margins.
Today stores using the supermarket method of retailing are dominant in grocery retailing. However, different names are used to distinguish these institutions (10) .
A superstore is a larger version of the supermarket. It offers more grocery and nonfood items (11) . Many supermarket chains are emphasizing superstores in their new construction.
Combination stores are usually even larger than superstore. They, too, offer more groceries and nonfoods than a supermarket but also most product lines found in a large drugstore. Some combination stores are joint ventures between supermarkets and drug chains such as Kroger and Sav-on.
For many years the supermarket has been under attack from numerous competitors. For example, a grocery shopper can choose among not only many brands of supermarkets but also various types of institutions (ware house stores, gourmet shops, meat and fish markets, and convenience stores). Supermarkets have reacted to competitive pressures (12) : Some cut costs and stressed low prices by offering more private brands and generic products and few customer services. Others expanded their store size and assortments by adding more nonfood lines (especially products found in drugstores), groceries attuned to a particular market area (foods that appeal to a specific ethnic group, for example), and various service departments (including video rentals, restaurants, delicatessens, financial institutions, and pharmacies).
A including building materials, office products, and, of course, groceries
B attracting more customers with their low prices
C primarily in either of two ways
D to compete with grocery chains
E a type of retailing institution
F by size and assortment
G than a conventional supermarket does
(8)
第1题
When the article arrived, the editor read the first sentence and then refused to (publication) ______ it
第2题
I have read an article food inspection for ex-port. ()
A.to an effect
B.to the effect
C.to a effect
D.with an effect
第3题
A.He took a tour of the city.
B.He read about it.
C.He wrote an article about it.
D.He worked there as a guide.
第4题
第5题
Read the whole article after______.
A.you have got all the information about the problem
B.you understand the title
C.you have read one paragraph after another
D.you are clear about what to be discussed
第6题
A、The headline.
B、The main features.
C、The units and items.
D、The author of the news.
第7题
A.connected
B.united
C.combine
D.joined
第8题
Read the whole article after ________.
[A] you have got all the information about the problem
[B] you understand the title
[C] you have read one paragraph after another
[D] you are clear about what to be discussed
第9题
A.to read
B.to have read
C.reading
D.to reading
第10题
According to the article, most people read all of the following except______.
A.the real news
B.the sports page
C.comics
D.advertisements
第11题
A、4, 1, 5, 3, 2
B、4, 1, 5, 2, 3
C、1, 4, 5, 2, 3
D、1, 4, 5, 3, 2
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