What does the word "defensive" mean in the passage？ 查

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A.on curled up

B.on her stomach

C.on her back

D.on her side

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A.In the daytime.

B.At the beginning of sleep.

C.At night.

D.During the deep sleep.

根据内容回答题。

Knowing Your Real Personality from Sleeping Positions

Everyone has got two personalities--the one that is shown to the world and the other that is secret and real. You don&39;t show your secret personality when you&39;re awake because you. can control yourself, but when you&39;re asleep, your sleeping position shows the real you. In a normal night, of

course, you often change your sleeping positions. The important position that best shows your se- cret personality is the one that you go to sleep.

If you go to sleep on your back, you&39;re a very open person. You normally trust people and you are easily influenced by new ideas. You don&39;t like to make people unhappy, so you never ex- press your real feelings. You&39;re quite shy and you aren&39;t very confident.

If you sleep on your stomach, you are a person who likes to keep secrets. You worry a lot and you&39;re always easily becoming sad. You never want to change your ideas, but you are satisfied with your life the way it is. You usually live for today not for tomorrow.

If you sleep on curled up, you are probably a very nervous person. You have a low opinion of yourself and often protect yourself from being hurt, so you are very defensive. You&39;re shy and you don&39;t usually like meeting people. You like to be on your own.

If you sleep on your side, you have usually got a well-balanced personality. You know your strengths and weaknesses. You&39;re usually careful. You have a confident personality. You sometimes feel worried, but you don&39;t often get unhappy. You always say what you think, even if it makes people angry.

You may find the passage in 查看材料

A.a science magazine

B.a guide book

C.a sports newspaper

D.a story book

材料

A.the need to prolong the lives of old people

B.the need to enrich th， life of the retired people

C.the need to build profit-making nursing homes

D.the need to take care of a sick and weak person

根据内容回答题。

Prolonging Human Life

Prolonging human life has increased the size of the human population. Many people alive today would have died of childhood diseases if they had been born 100 years ago. Because more people live longer, there are more people around at any given time. In fact. it is a decrease in death rates, not an increase in birthrates, that has led to the population explosion.

Prolonging human life has also increased the dependency load. In all societies, people who are disabled or too young or too old to work are dependent on the rest of society to provide for them. In hunting and gathering cultures, oht people who could not keep up might be left behind to die. In times of famine, infants might be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved, whereas if the parents survived they could have another child. In most contempo- rary societies, people feel a moral obligation to keep people alive whether they can work or not. We have a great many people today who live past the age at which they want to work or are able to work; we also have rules which require people to retire at a certain age. Unless these people were able to save money for their retirement, somebody else must support them. In the United States many retired people live on social security checks which are so little that they must live in near poverty. Older people have more, illness than young or middle-aged people; unless they have wealth or private or government insurance, they must often "go on welfare" if they have a serious illness.

When older people become senile or too weak and ill to care for themselves, they create grave problems for their families, In the past and in some traditional cultures, they would be eared for at home until they died. Today, with most members of a household working or in school, there is often no one at borne who can care for a sick or weak person. To meet this need, a great many nursing homes and convalescent hospitals have been built. These are often profit- making organizations, although some are sponsored by religious and other nonprofit groups. While a few of these institutions are good, most of them are simply "dumping grounds" for the dying in which "care" is given by poorly paid, overworked, and under-skilled personnel.

The writer believes that the population explosion results from 查看材料

A.an increase in birthrates

B.the industrial development

C.a decrease in death rates

D.cultural advances

What is the purpose of the passage? 查看材料

A.To analyze the causes of the panics and teach people how to prevent them.

B.To introduce different kinds of panics.

C.To help people set up daily norms that can prevent panics.

D.To inform. people of painful examples form. panics.

根据内容回答题。

panic

A panic is a form. of collective in which a group of people, face with an immediate threat, re- act in an uncoordinated and irrational way. Their behawor is uncoordinated in the sense that co- operative social relationships and break down. It is irrational in the sense that people&39;s actions are not appropriate for the goals they wish to achieve.

The progress of a panic follows a fairly typical course. A sudden crisis occurs ; people experi- ence intense fear; normal social expectations are broken; each individual tries desperately to es- cape from the source of danger; mutual cooperation breaks down; and the situation becomes even more threatening as a result. Panics are especially likely to occur in unusual conditions in which everyday norms have little relevance, such as fires, floods, earthquakes or military invasions.

Some kind of response is necessary in these situations, but there are few social norms that specify an appropriate reaction. Thus, when a passenger aircraft makes a crash landing people may at- tempt to flee before fire breaks out and cause an explosion, but there only succeed in stopping themselves and others by creating bottlenecks at the exits. Awareness of bottlenecks, may lead to increased panic, with people fighting and trampling one another in the effort to escape. Despite intensive training of airline personnel in emergency evacuation procedures, a high proportion of passenger deaths are caused by a panic that prevents people from escaping in time.

The most dramatic panics are those that occur in situations of extreme emergency, but not all panics are quite so frantic or short-lived. A different form. of this collective behavior. is the finan- cial panic, which is typically provoked by rumor that the price of stocks will fall or that a bank will be unable to repay its depositors. The classic example, of course, occurred at the outset of the Great Depression in 1929: as in other forms of panic, the individuals involved tried to protect their own interests, and in so doing they worsened the situation for themselves and everyone else. By trying to sell their stocks as quickly as possible, people ensured that the price of stocks did fall; by demanding their money back from banks, they ensured that the banks actually did collapse.

What will people not do when they feel panic? 查看材料

A.They become uncoordinated

B.They become irrational

C.They face an immediate threat

D.They break down cooperative social relationships

A.without pity

B.sad and lonely

C.emotionally healthy

D.without real love for them

E.a sense of security

F.a lonely wolf

Paragraph 5 查看材料

A.Making friends with new acquaintances

B.Close link between companionship and belongingness

C.How to satisfy other people"s needs

D.An example of a satisfying relationship

E.Difficulties in establishing friendships

F.What companionship， really is

Paragraoh 4 查看材料

A.Making friends with new acquaintances

B.Close link between companionship and belongingness

C.How to satisfy other people"s needs

D.An example of a satisfying relationship

E.Difficulties in establishing friendships

F.What companionship， really is