The government issued the new policy with the purpose of

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A.By offering care-only insurance．

B.By dropping the insurance requirements．

C.By raising the insurance fees．

D.By withdrawing some of their insurance．

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A.Because people are excessively optimistic about their health in old age．

B.Because most people cannot afford the relevant risks and costs．

C.Because the care insurance will definitely result in moral crisis．

D.Because people worry children will not support them if they are insured．

Questions are based on the following passage．

The ranks of the over 65s grew by 1.4m over the past decade．But old age will not be kind to all of them．One in three will develop dementia （痴呆）， around one in six will end up in a nursing or care home and nearly half will need some forms of care．Few will have laid plans to pay for it．

Knowing the dilemma of elderly voters， the government is moving to change that．Next year it will put ￡ 72，000 on the sum that a person will have to pay towards care．and will raise the means-testing threshold （阀值） from ￡ 23，250 to ￡118，000．

The government had hoped that this reform. would not just relieve elderly nerves but also stimulate an insurance market for end-of-life care．Unfortunately， that is not happening．

Many people continue to assume， wrongly， that the NHS will pay， says Yvonne Braun from the Association of British Insurers．And most are overly optimistic about their health in old age， underestimating （低估） the risks and costs they will suffer．Joan Costa-Font， from the London School of Economics， adds that the idea of care insurance seems to conflict with social values．A kind of familial moral hazard kicks in， as people fear their children will no longer look after them if they are insured．

Care costs are so hard to predict that insurers tend to protect themselves with big insurance expenses， making insurance difficult to afford．The government"s new policy， which was supposed to sort this out， comes with alarming warnings．It does not include the cost of bed and board， which makes up a large amount of care home costs．It is also up to local authorities to determine which care counts towards the policy， meaning people may end up spending more after all．And the policy is higher than the25，000-50，000 recommended to the government by Andrew Dilnot， an economist who reviewed the market．

From next month much will change for retirees， as the government drops the requirement to buy annuities with private pension pots．The government hopes that people will use the new flexibility to plan for their old age， including the possibility that their final years will be spent in a nursing home rather than on the Costa del Sol．

What is the government‘s objective in the reform? 查看材料

A.To help make plans to pay for care．

B.To ease elderly worries and promote the insurance market．

C.To seek votes from elderly voters．

D.To reduce the costs in a nursing home．

__． 查看材料

A.quite undecided

B.somewhat disapproving

C.completely neutral

D.slightly approving Passage Two

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A.Because Cuomo"s proposal will not come into effect．

B.Because over-reliance on test results will distort the aim of teaching．

C.Because what Cuomo has said will make people lose faith in education．

D.Because the focus of teacher evaluation system will be changed．

What do we learn from the passage? 查看材料

A.The government will reduce the over-reliance on test results．

B.The school principal is not involved in the teacher"s evaluation．

C.Teachers rated ineffective for two successive years may lose their job．

D.The teacher"s teaching materials are not included in evaluation．

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A.helps to promote the education reform

B.has influence over students" scores

C.can solve the problem between teachers and students

D.is far from real， accurate and fair

Questions are based on the following passage．

Next month， New York students in grades three through eight will take the state"s standardized tests: three days of exams devoted to English Language Arts and Mathematics tests， except Art， Gym， Health， History and Science which are set up in the usual classes．These are often referred to as high- stakes tests because of the impact that the results can have on student promotion， teacher evaluation， and school funding——and the stakes of the tests in New York this year may be pushed higher still．

In his State of the State address， Governor Andrew Cuomo pledged to make education reform. a centerpiece （最重要的部分） of his agenda．"Everyone will tell you， nationwide， the key to education reform. is a teacher evaluation system，" the governor said．He noted that while only thirty-eight Percent of New York State high-school students are deemed to be "college ready"， according to their scores on standardized tests， 98．7 percent of teachers in New York"s schools are rated "effective"．" How can that be?The problem is clear and the solution is clear．We need real， accurate， fair teacher evaluations．"" But how teachers might best be evaluated remains a contested science．In New York City．a system which was adopted by Cuomo in 2013 is that students" results in state tests account for 20% of a teacher"s rating， but the teacher"s curriculum materials are also evaluated， as is his or her classroom practice， which is observed on multiple visits throughout the year by the school principal．Any teacher deemed ineffective for two continuous years may be fired．

Cuomo"s assertion is not universally shared．Those who have disagreed with it warned excessive reliance on test scores will cause teaching for tests rather than for learning．Others have said teachers may focus on improving their most able students at the expense of nurturing the capacities of the least able members．

In the light of the widespread doubt about over-reliance on test results and the widespread consensus about the harmful effects caused by teaching for tests， that test results are used to assess teachers" effectiveness seems a questionable calculation．It looks likely， though， that．should Cuomo"s proposal come into effect， test-prep season will start a lot earlier next year．for everyone．

Why are the standardized tests considered as tests with high risk? 查看材料

A.Because the results can affect student promotion， teacher evaluation and school funding．

B.Because the results will determine whether the students will be able to graduate．

C.Because the exams will last for a really long time．

D.Because the exams are difficult and few students can pass them．

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Readers can rarely find anything sensitive in Manguso‘s material．

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