. During vigorous exercise, our muscles tire as they run out of fuel and build up waste products. Muscle performance can also be affected by a phenomenon called "central fatigue," in which an imbalance in the body's chemical messengers prevents the central nervous system from directing muscle movements effectively. It was not known, however, whether central fatigue might also affect motor systems not directly involved in the exercise itself—such as those that move the eyes. To find out, researchers gave 11 volunteers a carbohydrate solution either with a moderate dose of caffeine—which is known to stimulate the central nervous system—or as a placebo without, during 3 hours of cycling. After exercising, the scientists tested the cyclists with eye-tracking cameras to see how well their brains could still control their visual system. The team found that exercise reduced the speed of rapid eye movements by about 8%, preventing their ability to capture new visual information. The caffeine—the equivalent of two strong cups of coffee—was sufficient to counteract this effect, with some cyclists even displaying increased eye movement speeds, the team reports today in Scientific Reports. So it might be a good idea to get someone else to drive you home after that marathon.
第1题
Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
The method for making beer has changed over time. Hops (啤酒花), for example, which give many a modern beer its bitter flavor, are a- 26 recent addition to the beverage. This was mentioned in reference to brewing in the ninth century. Now, researchers have found a--- 27 ingredient in residue (残留物) from 5000-year-old beer brewing equipment. While excavating two pits at a site in the central plains of China, scientists discovered fragments from pots and ve__ . The different shapes of the containers 28they were used to brew, filter, and store beer. They --may be ancient “beer-making tools,” and the earliest 29evidence of beer brewing in China, the researchers reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. To 30that hypothesis, the team examined the yellowish, dried 31 inside the vessels. The majority of the grains, about 80%, were from cereal crops like barley (大麦), and about 10% were bits of roots, 32 lily, would have made the beer sweeter, the scientists say. Barley was an unexpected find: the crop was domesticated in Western Eurasia and didn’t become a 33food in central China until about 2000 years ago, according to the researchers. Based on that timing, they indicate barley may have 34in the region not as food, but as35material for beer brewing.
第2题
段落匹配:
[46]Shoppers in the UK are spending less money on toilet paper to save money,research has shown.
Penny-pinchingUK consumers choose cheaper products from discounters such as Aldi and Lidlrather than luxury alternatives.
This has wiped6% off the value of the soft tissue paper market in the UK. It has shrunk from£1.19 billion in2011 to£1.12billion in 2015, according to a new report from market research company Mintel. [47] Furthermore, the future of the market looks far fromrosy, with sales expected to fall further to £1.11 billion in 2016.
In the lastyear alone, despite an increase in the UK population and a subsequent rise inthe number of households, sales of toilet paper fell by 2%, with the averagehousehold reducing their toilet roll spending from £43 in 2014 to £41 in 2015.
Overall, almostthree in five people say they try to limit their usage of paper — includingfacial tissue and kitchen roll — to save money. “Strength, softness andthickness remain the leading indicators of toilet paper quality, with just asmall proportion of consumers preferring more luxurious alternatives, such asthose with flower patterns or perfume,” said Mintel analyst Jack Duckett. [48]“These extra features are deemed unnecessary by themajority of shoppers, which probably reflects how these types of products aretypically more expensive than regular toilet paper, even when on special offer.”
[49]Whileconsumers are spending less on toilet paper, they remain fussy—in theory atleast —when it comes to paper quality. Top ofBritons’ toilet paper wish list is softness (57%) followed by strength (45%)and thickness (36%).
[50]Onein 10 buyers rank toilet rolls made from recycled paper among their topconsiderations, highlighting how overall the environment is much less of aconsideration for shoppers than product quality. In a challengefor manufacturers, 81% of paper product users said they would consider buyingrecycled toilet tissue if it were comparable in quality to standard paper.
46. The market sales of toilet paper havedecreased because .
A) Britons have cut their spendingon it
B) its prices have gone up over theyears
C) its quality has seen markedimprovement
D) Britons have developed the habitof saving
47. What does the author think ofthe future of the tissue paper market in the UK?
A) It will expand in time.
C) It will experience ups and downs.
B) It will remain gloomy.
D) It will recover as populationgrows.
48. What does Jack Duckett say about toilot paper?
A) Special offers would promote its sales.
B) Consumers are loyal to certain brands.
C) Luxurious features add much to the price.
D) Consumers have a variety to choose from.
49. What do we learn about Britons concerning toilet paper?
A) They are particular about the quality of toilet paper.
B) They emphasize the strength of toilet paper the most.
C) They prefer cheap toilet paper to recycled toilet paper.
D) They reject using toilet paper with unnecessary features.
50. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A) more and more Britons buy recycled toilet paper to protectthe environment.
B) Toilet paper manufactures are facing a great challenge inpromoting its sales.
C) Toilet paper manufacturers compete with one another toimprove product quality.
D) Environmental protection is not much of a concern whenBritons buy toilet paper.
第3题
, which many a modern beerits bitter flavor, are a 26 recent additions to the beverage. Thiswas mentioned in reference to brewing in the ninth century. Now, researchershave found a 27 ingredient in residue (残留物) from 5000-year-old beer brewingequipment. While excavating two pits at a site in thecentral plains of China, scientists discovered pottery fragments from pots,funnels, amphorae, and stoves (stove fragment pictured). The different shapesof the containers 28 theywere used to brew, filter, and store beer—they may be ancient “beer-making tools,” and the earliest 29 evidence of beer brewing in China, the researchers report online today in theProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.To30 thathypothesis, the team examined the yellowish, dried 31 insidethe vessels. The majority of the grains—about 80%—were from cereal cropslike barley (大麦), andabout 10% were bits of roots, 32 lily,which would have sweetened the brew, the scientists say. Barley was anunexpected find: The crop was domesticated in western Eurasia and didn’t becomea 33 food incentral China until about 2000 years ago, according to the researchers. basedon that timing, they suggest barley may have 34 in theregion not as food, but as 35 material forbeerbrewing.
A) arrived
B) consuming
C) direct
D) exclusively
E) including
F) inform
G) raw
H) reached
I) relatively
J) remains
K) resources
L) staple
M) suggest
N) surprising
O) test
第4题
s website to sell a computer youused at college. Your advertisement may include its brand,specifications/features, condition and price, and your contact information. Youshould write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
第5题
,灌溉了中国五分之一的土地。长江流域(river basin)居住着中国三分之一的人口。长江在中国历史、文化和经济上起着很大的作用。长江三角洲(delta)产出多大20%的中国国民生产总值。几千年来,长江一直被用于供水、运输和工业生产。长江上还坐落着世界最大的水电站。
第6题
是中国最发达的地区之一,面积约11,000平方公里。它在面积和人口方面也是世界上最大的城市聚集区。珠江三角洲九个最大城市共有5,700多万人口。上世纪70年代末中国改革开放以来,珠江三角洲已成为中国和世界主要经济区域和制造中心之一。
第7题
黄河是中国赖以生存的几条河流之一。黄河流域(river basin)是中国古代文明的诞生地,也是中国早期历史上最繁荣的地区。然而,由于极具破坏力的洪水频发,黄河曾造成多次灾害。在过去几十年里,政府采取了各种措施防止灾害发生。
第8题
题目 1 of 501.0 得分
Look()
A.there goes he
B. there he goes
C. he there goes
D. he goes there
重设选项
题目 2 of 501.0 得分
He is new in this class. He has ( ) friends and feels very ( )
A.a few; alone
B.few; lonely
C. little; alone
D.a little; lonely
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题目 3 of 501.0 得分
( ) teacher has gone to America. ( ) of them are still in Shanghai.
A.Both; Both
B.Both; Neither
C.Neither; Both
D.Neither; neither
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题目 4 of 501.0 得分
The way ( ) you are doing it is completely crazy.
A.in which
B.by which
C.on which
D.at which
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题目 5 of 501.0 得分
( ) is something we can take for granted.
A.It is harmful to one’s health to smoke
B.That smoking is harmful to one’s health
C.To smoke is harmful to one’s health
D.Smoking is harmful to one’s health
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题目 6 of 501.0 得分
We still remember the day ( ) we spent doing the experiment.
A.when
B.which
C.what
D.on which
重设选项
题目 7 of 501.0 得分
Three fourths of the surface of the earth ( ) sea.
A.is
B.are
C.is of
D.has
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题目 8 of 501.0 得分
“ ( ) do you visit your aunt?”“Once a year.”
A.How long
B.How often
C.How soon
D.How many times
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题目 9 of 501.0 得分
I don't think he will enter for the high jump, ( ) ?
A.do I
B.don't I
C.will he
D.won't he
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题目 10 of 501.0 得分
Yesterday we called at ( ).
A.my uncle
B.a friends of my uncle's
C.my aunts'
D.Mary's sister's
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题目 11 of 501.0 得分
It depends on ( ) we have enough time.
A.if
B.weather
C.if or not
D.whether
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题目 12 of 501.0 得分
( ) seemed surprising that Bob should have left without a word.
A.He
B.It
C.What
D.We
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题目 13 of 501.0 得分
A number of their products ( ) put on exhibition.
A.has been
B.is
C.have been
D.are
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题目 14 of 501.0 得分
It was ( ) the two boy students were late that all of us were criticized by the teacher.
A.because
B.since
C.as
D.that
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题目 15 of 501.0 得分
The cinema is not far. It’s about ( ) walk.
A.ten minutes’
B.ten minutes’s
C.ten minute’s
D.ten minute
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题目 16 of 501.0 得分
We shall have ( ) English evening on ( ) New Year’s Eve.
A.an…/
B.an…the
C.the…/
D.the…the
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题目 17 of 501.0 得分
A few of ( ) are planning to drive to Florida during the spring break.
A.we girls
B.us girls
C.girls we
D.girls us
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题目 18 of 501.0 得分
( ) it is to play at the seaside in summer!
A.What funs
B.What a fun
C.How fun
D.What fun
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题目 19 of 501.0 得分
This is the reason ( ) an airplane can't fly in space.
A.for that
B.which
C.why
D.where
重设选项
题目 20 of 501.0 得分
( ) we had been invited to dinner we wore our best suits.
A.Though
B.As
C.If
D.If so
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题目 21 of 501.0 得分
He realized that he had bought his shoes ( ) large.
A.too much
B.much too
C.very too
D.too very
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题目 22 of 501.0 得分
I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have ( ).
A.it
B.those
C.them
D.one
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题目 23 of 501.0 得分
“ ( ) today?”“It's May 2nd.”
A.What day is it
B.What's the date
C.What the date is
D.Which day is it
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题目 24 of 501.0 得分
The ( ) reading room is quite large.
A.students
B.student's
C.student
D.students'
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题目 25 of 501.0 得分
The ( ) reading room is quite large.
A.students
B.student's
C.student
D.students'
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题目 26 of 501.0 得分
Some ( ) are thinner than your little finger.
A.bamboo
B.bamboos
C.kind of bamboos
D.kinds of bamboo
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题目 27 of 501.0 得分
“Need we work late today?” “No, but we ( ) tomorrow.”
A.must
B.need
C.will
D.should
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题目 28 of 501.0 得分
We ( ) on it for many hours, but we have not yet reached any conclusion.
A.are being worked
B.are working
C.have been working
D.have been worked
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题目 29 of 501.0 得分
( ) are a hardworking people.
A.Some Chinese
B.Chinese
C.The Chineses
D.The Chinese
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题目 30 of 501.0 得分
His wife, ( ) you met at my house, has gone toAmerica.
A.that
B.which
C.who
D.whose
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题目 31 of 501.0 得分
From the top of the teaching building we saw the lake ( ) us.
A.under
B.over
C.below
D.above
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题目 32 of 501.0 得分
The film is very instructive. It is worth ( ).
A.seeing
B.to see
C.see
D.being seen
重设选项
题目 33 of 501.0 得分
We can’t understand why he avoided ( ) to us.
A.to speak
B.speak
C.having spoke
D.speaking
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题目 34 of 501.0 得分
I can’t help ( ) whether we should risk ( ) without raincoats.
A.to wonder…to go
B.wondering…to go
C.to wonder…going
D.wondering…going
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题目 35 of 501.0 得分
Neither Tom nor John ( ) a bike of ( ) own.
A.have; their
B.have; his
C.has; his
D.has; their
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题目 36 of 501.0 得分
Our society has changed and ( ) in it.
A.so have the people
B.so the people have
C.so has the people
D.so the people has
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题目 37 of 501.0 得分
Mr. Wu ( ) Beijing and will stay there for some time.
A.has been to
B.has come from
C.has left for
D.will leave
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题目 38 of 501.0 得分
The shoes are too small. They ( ) be mine.
A.can
B.can't
C.mustn't
D.may not
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题目 39 of 501.0 得分
I ( ) it again.
A.would like you to read
B.would like that you read
C.would like your reading
D.like you tell
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题目 40 of 501.0 得分
What he had said at the meeting ( ) true.
A.proves
B.is proved
C.proved
D.was proved
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题目 41 of 501.0 得分
“What will you do during winter vacation?”
“I don't know, but it's about time ( ) something.”
A.I'm deciding
B.I'll decide
C.I'd decided
D.I decided
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题目 42 of 501.0 得分
It is time for us to ( ) to bed.
A.go
B.went
C.shall go
D.will go
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题目 43 of 501.0 得分
He is no more a writer ( ) a painter.
A.than
B.neither
C.to
D.not
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题目 44 of 501.0 得分
In spring the weather is ( ) hot ( ) cold here.
A.neither; nor
B.both; and
C.either; or
D.not only; but also
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题目 45 of 501.0 得分
The town ( ) my father grew up is not far from here.
A.in where
B.in wherever
C.in what
D.in which
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题目 46 of 501.0 得分
We’d better do our Christmas shopping; time ( ).
A.is running out
B.is run out
C.has been run out
D.is running out of
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题目 47 of 501.0 得分
I won’t be able to watch the program because I ( ) my homework at that time.
A.shall have done
B.will do
C.shall be done
D.will be doing
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题目 48 of 501.0 得分
Mr. Smith ( ) me to buy several ( ) eggs for the dinner party.
A.asked; dozen
B.suggested; dozens of
C.had; dozen
D.persuaded; dozens
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题目 49 of 501.0 得分
The plant is dead. I ( ) it more water.
A.will give
B.would have given
C.must give
D.should have given
重设选项
题目 50 of 501.0 得分
The girl ( ) not stay at home alone.
A.dares
B.dare to
C.dare
D.will dared
重设选项
第9题
What does Record expect of New York Fashion Week?
A.It will create a completely new set of rules.
B.It will do better than Paris Fashion Week.
C.It will differ from Paris Fashion Week.
D.It will have models with a higher BM
第10题
Why are Record and Austin worried about the low body mass index of models?
A.It contributes to many mental illnesses.
B.It defines the future of the fashion industry.
C.It has great influence on numerous girls and women.
D.It keeps many otherwise qualified women off the runaway.
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