流动性陷阱（liquidity trap)

挤出(crowding out)

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扩张性财政政策在广泛存在长期合同的经济中是否比在合同都是短期的经济中更有可能提高产出? Is expansionary fiscal policy more likely to increase output in an economy with widespread long-term contracts or in one in which contracts are fixed for very short periods of time?

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政府认为它可以利用货币政策和财政政策来实现一定的产出水平。如果发生下列情况。你建议政府采取哪种政策： a．技术进步提高了资本的边际生产率； b．人们预期未来收入会有增长； c．信用卡的应用提高了货币周转率； d．人们预期未来税收将会增加。 The government thinks that it can use monetary and fiscal policies to achieve a certain level of output．Which policies would you recommend it to implement if the following events occur： a．A technological improvement raises the marginal productivity of capital． b．People expect an increase in their future income． C．The introduction of credit cards increases the velocity of money． d．People expect a rise in taxes in the future．

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试讨论在什么情况下一国经济更接近于货币主义的情况，而不是流动性陷阱的情况。 Discuss under which circumstances an economy would be closer to the monetarist case than to the liquidity trap case．

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