A.The aged are normally strong mentally.
B.The aged are normally weak physically.
C.The aged usually lack companions.
D.The aged usually live in solitude.
第1题
Why does the professor say this?
A.To express uncertainty about the previous statement.
B.To end the discussion on the definition of marketing.
C.To check the students" understanding of marketing.
D.To find out what the students prefer.
第2题
n and marketing of goods, services, and causes are the essence of economic life in any society. All organizations perform. these two basic functions to satisfy their commitments to society, their customers, and their owners. They create a benefit that economists call utility. Utility is the power of a good or service in satisfying a need. There are four basic kinds of utility, that is, form. utility, time utility, place utility and ownership utility. First, lets have a look at form. utility. Form. utility is created when the firm changes raw materials and component inputs into finished goods and services. For example, RAC uses glass, plastics, metals, circuit boards and other components to create a television set. Ethan Allen produces a sofa with such materials as fabric, thread, wood, springs, and down feathers. The television show Friends starts with writers, actors, scripts, director, producer, technical crew, and sound stage. Although marketing offers these products to the consumers, it is the organizations production department that actually creates the form. utility. But, marketing creates the other three kinds of utility, namely, time utility, place utility and ownership utility. When consumers need goods and services, if they can find the goods and services at the right time and the right place, time utility and place utility are created. For example, Federal Express and Airborne Express provide overnight courier service. They create time utility. People can buy newspapers, snacks, and soft drink at vending machines. These vending machines focus on providing place utility. Now I will explain what ownership utility is. When consumers buy goods and services, the title of goods and services are transferred. In this case, ownership utility is created. Now, lets look at this example. Uh...on planes, in front of the seats, there are GTE Airfone, so that air travelers can make calls, send e-mail messages, retrieve voice mail and even surf the Internet from 35 000 feet above the earth. Customers may swipe a credit card along a special reader and then the telephone is activated. By doing this, the customers buy the service. So, here, you may have seen marketings function in creating utilities. All organizations must create utility in order to survive. To create utility, the foundation is to design and produce market goods, services and ideas that can satisfy consumers needs However, only recently have people noticed that marketing is extremely important for an organization. Then, you may ask what marketing exactly is. If you ask five people to define the term marketing, you may get five definitions. People are continuously exposed to advertisements and personal selling, so marketing may be simply selling. Or... marketing only begins after the goods or services are produced. Actually, marketing involves other activities. For instance, you have to analyze customers needs and seek essential information before you design and produce goods or services. After selling the goods or services, you still need to maintain relationships with costumers. Besides, marketing exists not only in profit-oriented firms but also in thousands of not-for-profit organizations. All of these factors are taken into account in todays definition of marketing. Marketing is the process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion, and distribution of ideas, goods, services, organizations, and events to create and maintain relationships that will satisfy individual and organizational objectives. As we can see, in this definition, all organizational functions are involved. So, we can say, marketing serves the interests of both society and the organizations, or, say, the interests of both the consumers and the enterprises. Is that OK? ...Maybe... in another way. We see, the four variables of marketing are also included, that is, product, price, promotion and distribution. In addition, this definition also emphasizes creating and maintaining relationship with customers. Finally, it recognizes that marketing applies to not-for-profit organizations as well as to profit-oriented businesses. So, you must have got a clear understanding of marketing now. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer. 1. In the lecture, the professor describes the utilities that are created by the two basic functions productions and marketing. Indicate which of the following is by production and which is by marketing. Tick in the correct box for each phrase. 2. Why does the professor cite GTE Airfone as an example? 3. According to the professor, which of the following activities is not included in marketing? 4. Why does the professor take Federal Express and Airborne Express as an example in his lecture? 5. What is the intended meaning of the professor when he says this? Professor If you ask five people to define the term marketing, you may get five definitions. People are continuously exposed to advertisements and personal selling, so, marketing may be simply selling. Or... marketing only begins after the goods or services are produced. Listen again to part of the lecture. Then answer the question. Professor As we can see, in this definition, all organizational functions are involved. So, we can say, marketing serves the interests of both society and the organizations, or, say, the interests of both the consumers and the enterprises. Is that OK? ... Maybe... in another way. 6. Why does the professor say this? Professor Is that OK?Narrator Listen to part of a lecture in a marketing class. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer.
In the lecture, the professor describes the utilities that are created by the two basic functions-productions and marketing. Indicate which of the following is by production and which is by marketing. Click in the correct box for each phrase.
第3题
According to the last paragraph, what can be concluded?
A.Solar and wind energy systems cost a lot for producing electricity.
B.People had better pay for the utility instead of producing electricity.
C.Solar and wind energy can provide cheap and continuous electricity.
D.Solar and wind energy is reasonable and cheap for remote villagers.
第4题
ry change in the way that we obtain power?
A.Because new energies have been put into use.
B.Because there is great development in technology.
C.Because natural resources are quite limited.
D.Because many households began to use green energy.
第5题
energy?
A.Petroleum, sunlight and windpower.
B.Gas, water and fossil fuel.
C.Coal, natural gas and hydropower.
D.Sunlight, water and windpower.
第6题
answer choices and match them to the features to which they relate. TWO of the answer choices will NOT be used. This question is worth 4 points.Answer Choices (A)Guerrilla warfare in recent years has dealt a heavy blow to the tourist industry. (B)Beaches are generally clean and unspoiled. (C)Chile has a high standard of services. (D)The resorts are home to rare animal and plant species. (E)Chile has technically difficult peaks. (F)Infrastructural development in these areas is limited. (G)Air links between Chile and the rest of the world are, at present, relatively poor. (H)Street crimes are quite common.
第7题
orted architectural manuals. Where were these manuals imported from?
A.England.
B.Maryland.
C.Pennsylvania.
D.Charleston.
第8题
What does the professor imply?
A.Design was improved with wealth and sophistication.
B.Houses of New England still favored wood in its design.
C.Boston took the lead to use durable material in its design.
D.Houses of Maryland still favored wood in its design.
第9题
What is NOT one of the ways in which people get their news?
A.Readers get their news by reading evening newspapers.
B.Many Americans read their daily newspaper while drinking coffee.
C.While driving to work, people have a glance at their newspaper.
D.Many Americans watch their morning news program on television.
第10题
edia in the U. S. consists of radio, television, magazines, and newspapers which are pervasive in the lives of many Americans and influential in their daily routines. Many Americans begin their day reading the newspaper or watching a morning news program on television while drinking their coffee. While driving to work, the news can be heard on the car radio. Throughout the day the news is a prime feature on the television with up to two hours of news in the early evening and more news late at night. For those who prefer reading, the evening newspaper offers the reader the possibility of reading the news others see and hear on television. The news media in the U. S. are free of government control. It is up to the general public to choose what to read, watch or listen to. Therefore, the media must have sensitivity to the interests of the public...therefore news is a big business. However, it is a very competitive business, as each station or each paper competes for audiences and readers. Each tries to present to the news Americans want to know. When an item becomes newsworthy, such as an election or a war, Americans will become familiar with the most minute details as the news media scrambles to provide as much information as possible. The result though is that the news often becomes repetitive. As the news media reports the same news items thought to be the most interesting and impressive, listeners, viewers or readers might find it difficult to be selective. Nevertheless, most Americans will not criticize their news media too harshly. The credibility of the news media is generally acknowledged and accepted by the American public, although some people are more skeptical. One of the three(ABC, NBC, and CBS)major commercial networks, CBS was organized in 1928 when its founder, William Paley, acquired ownership of a group of radio stations. As the Columbia Broadcasting System expanded its operations, soon becoming the largest radio network in the United States, it recognized the potential in the rapidly evolving television broadcasting technology. On July 13, 1931, it began experimental television broadcasting in New York, and then ten years later began regular black-and-white weekly broadcasts over its WCBW-TV station in the same city, which became WCBS-TV in November 1946. With Television City in Hollywood, CBS launched the industrys first full-scale production studio. Today, CBS owns television stations, radio stations, and home-video production and distribution interests. The CBS Broadcasting Group is composed of six divisions: network television, entertainment, sports, news, local television stations, and radio. For most of commercial television history, CBS has been the network leader in prime-time ratings, having the highest-rated shows in almost every year from the mid-1950s through the mid-1980s; however recently CBS lost its top position to NBC. CBS has traditionally been strong in the TV news area. The network began the first regular TV news program in 1948 with Douglas Edwards as anchor. Journalism legends such as Edward R. Murrow and Walter Cronkite have given CBS its reputation as quality news broadcaster. Professor Well do any of you know a journalist working in CBS? Ok, uh, my friend Tom is a popular journalist. Student A Yes, I know him. I really enjoyed the pieces he had in the paper. That was good journalism. Professor Well, you know, its always nice to get a pat on the back once in a while for their hard work. Student A They deserve it. I cant say that for all journalists, however. Professor Im sorry to admit that many reporters are giving the profession a bad name. Student B There is a desire on the part of many papers to go for the sensational. Theyre always looking for the headlines that will attract the readers attention. Professor And reporters like to have their story be the one that is noticed. Im glad you appreciated mine even if it wasnt sensational. Student A Youre right. It wasnt sensational, but it was some good investigative reporting on a subject that is of interest to everyone. Professor It seems like bad things people do get a lot more attention than the good things they do. Student B I have been thinking about another aspect of journalism. Do you think reporters should express their opinions? Professor Thats a "biggie". Its one of the big questions in the profession. Many people think that a reporter should just give the facts and nothing more. I think, however, it is almost impossible to report on an issue without slanting it toward your personal beliefs, especially if you have strong feelings. I guess its a good thing that not all newspapers are printed from the same point of view. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer. 12. What is the talk mainly about? 13. Which of the following is NOT the reasons why the media has to have sensitivity to the interests of the public? 14. What is NOT one of the ways in which people get their news? 15. According to the professor, which of the following is NOT true about CBS? 16. Why does journalism sometimes include personal opinions? 17. Why does the professor say this? Professor Im sorry to admit that many reporters are giving the profession a bad name.Narrator Listen to part of a talk in a mass media class. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer.
What is the talk mainly about?
A.The development of the news media in the U. S.
B.The pros and cons of journalism.
C.The development of Columbia Broadcasting System.
D.The features of the news media in the U.S.
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