人力资源需求预测程序的第一步是（）。

？？D？？

？？One of the greatest killers in the Western world is heart disease. The death rate(率) from the disease has been increasing at an alarming speed for the past thirty years. Medical experts know that people can reduce their chances of getting heart disease by exercising regularly, by not smoking, by changing their diets, and by paying more attention to reducing stress(压力) in their work.？？

？？However, Western health care systems are still not paying enough attention to the prevention of the disease. There is a need for more programs to educate the public about the causes and prevention of heart disease. Instead of supporting such programs, however, the U.S. health-？？care system is spending large sums of money on the surgical(外科的) treatment of the disease after it develops. This emphasis(强？？调) on treatment clearly has something to do with the technological advances that have taken in the past ten to fifteen years. In this time, modern technology has enabled doctors to develop new surgical techniques. Many operation that were considered impossible or too risky(有风险的) a few years ago are now performed everyday in U.S. hospitals. The result has been a huge increase in heart surgery.

？？Although there is no doubt tha？？t heart surgery can help a large number of people, some people point out that the emphasis on the surgical treatment of the disease has three clear disadvantages.？？

？？First, it attracts interest and money away from the question of prevention. Second, it causes the costs of general hospital care to rise. After hospitals buy the expensive equipment that is necessary for modern heart surgery, they must try to recover the money they have spent. To do this, they raise costs for all their patients, not just those patients whose treatment requires the equipment. The third disadvantage is that doctors are encouraged to perform. surgery--even on patients for whom an operation is unnecessary--？？because the equipment and expert skills are there. A government official recently stated that major heart surgery was often performed even though its chances of success were low. In one type of heart surgery, for example, only 15 percent of patients improved their conditions after the surgery. However, more than 100,000 of these operations are performed in the United States every year.

？？What effect has modern technology had on medicine？

A.It has reduced the costs of medical treatment.

B.It has helped save the lives of most patients.

C.It has encouraged doctors to do more heart surgeries.

D.It has helped educate people about the prevention of heart disease.

“To do this”(in Paragraph 3 ) means

A.to help patients recover

B.to increase the number of heart surgeries

C.to get back the money spent on the equipment

D.to buy new equipment for the treatment of heart disease

The author would agree that

A.more money should be spend on the prevention of heart disease

B.heart surgery has helped most patients improve their conditions

C.modern technology had made heart surgery more risky than before

D.the public have known a great deal about the causes of heart disease

What would be the best title for the passage？A.The Greatest Killer in the West

B.Heart Disease：Treat or Prevent

C.Modern Technology and Heart Surgery

D.Heart Surgery：Advantages and Disadvantages

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

One of the greatest killers in the Western world is heart disease. The death rate (率) from the disease has been increasing at an alarming Speed for the past thirty years. Medical experts know that people can reduce their chances of getting heart disease by exercising regulary, by not smoking, by changing their diets, and by paying more attention to reducing stress (压力) in their work.

However, Western health-care systems are still not paying enough attention to the prevention of the disease. There is a need for more programs to educate the public about the causes and prevention of heart disease. In stead of supporting such programs, however, the U. S. health-care system is spending large sums of money on the surgical (外科的) treatment of the disease, after it develops. This emhasis (强调) on treatment clearly has something to do with the technological advances that have taken in the past ten to fifteen years. In this time, modern technology, has enabled doctors to develop new surgical techniques. Many operation that were considered impossible or too risky (有风险的) a few years ago are now performed every day in U.S. hospitals. The result has been a huge in crease in heart surgery.

Although there is no doubt that heart surgery can help a large number of people, some people point out that the emphasis on the surgical treatment of the disease has three clear disadvantages. First, it attracts interest and money away from the question of prevention. Second, it causes the costs of general hospital care to rise. After hospitals buy the expensive equipment that is necessary for modern heart surgery, they must try to recover the money they have spent. To do this, they raise costs for all their patients, not just those patients whose treatment requires the equipment. The third disadvantage is that doctors are encouraged to perform. surger-even on patients for whom an operation is unnecessary--because the equipment and expert skills are there. A government office recently stated that major heart surgery was often performed even though its chances of success were low. In one type of heart surgery ,for example, 0nly 15 percent of patients improved their conditions after the surgery. However, more than 100,000 of these operations are performed in the United States every year.

What effect has modern technology had on medicine？

A．It has reduced the costs of medical treatment.

B．It has helped save the lives of most patients.

C．It has encouraged doctors to do more heart surgeries.

D．It have helped educate people about the prevention of heart disease.

The author would agree that ______.

A．more money should be spent on the prevention of heart disease

B．heart surgery has helped most patients improve their conditions

C．modern technology has made heart surgery more risky than before

D．the public have known a great deal about the causes of heart disease

阅读短文，回答 47～50 题：

C

One of the greatest killers in the Western world is heart disease. The death rate (率) from the disease has been increasing at an alarming speed for the past thirty years. Medical experts know that people can reduce their chances of getting heart disease by exercising regularly, by not smoking，by changing their diets, and by paying more attention to reducing stress (压力) in their work.

However, Western health-care systems are still not paying enough attention to the prevention of the disease. There is a need for more programs to educate the public about the causes and prevention of heart disease. Instead of supporting such programs，however，the U. S. health-care system is spending large sums of money on the surgical (外科的) treatment of the disease after it develops. This emphasis (强调) on treatment clearly has something to do with the technological advances that have taken in the past ten to fifteen years. In this time, modern technology has enabled doctors to develop new surgical techniques. Many operation that were considered impossible or too risky (有风险的) a few years ago are now performed every day in U. S. hospitals. The result has been a huge increase in heart surgery.

Although there is no doubt that heart surgery can help a large number of people, some people point out that the emphasis on the surgical treatment of the disease has three clear disadvantages.

First, it attracts interest and money away from the question of prevention. Second, it causes the costs of general hospital care to rise. After hospitals buy the expensive equipment that is necessary for modern heart surgery, they must try to recover the money they have spent. To do this, they raise costs for all their patients, not just those patients whose treatment requires the equipment. The third disadvantage is that doctors are encouraged to perform. surgery--even on patients for whom an operation is unnecessary--because the equipment and expert skills are there. A government official recently stated that major heart surgery was often performed even though its chances of success were low. In one type of heart surgery，for example ,only 15 percent of patients improved their conditions after the surgery. However, more than 100,000 of these operations are performed in the United States every year.

第 47 题 What effect has modern technology had on medicine？

A、knee surgery

B、heart surgery

C、organ transplantation surgery

D、hip surgery

A．It is harmful to heart surgery patients with stomach bleeding.

B．It should not be taken by heart surgery patients before the operation.

C．It will have considerable side effects if taken in large doses.

D．It should not be given to patients immediately after the operation.

A．It is harmful to heart surgery patients with stomach bleeding.

B．It should not be taken by heart surgery patients before the operation.

C．It will have considerable side effects if taken in large doses.

D．It should not be given to patient immediately after the operation.

se weight. Some patients have lost as much as 300 pounds after undergoing the surgery, thereby substantially prolonging their lives. Despite the success of the treatment, most doctors have not embraced the surgery as a weight loss option. Which of the following statements, if true, best accounts for the lukewarm reaction of the medical community to gastric bypass surgery？

A．Gastric bypass surgery carries a high risk of serious complications, including death.

B．Obesity is one of the leading contributors to heart disease and hypertension, two leading causes of death.

C．Obesity rates among the American population have been increasing consistently for the last three decades.

D．Many patients report that losing weight through diets is ineffective, since they usually gain the weight back within six months.

E．Most health insurance plans will cover the cost of gastric bypass surgery for morbidly obese patients at high risk of heart disease.

Because of advances in medical technology, heart surgery is not __________________(象以前那样危险).