对可能给企业带来灾难性损失的项目，企业应主动采取合资、联营和联合开发等措施，以规避风险。 （

PassageThree

Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Itwasaterribletragedy,sixtimesmoredeadlythantheTitanic(泰坦尼克号).WhentheGermanshipWilhelmGustloffwashitbytorpedoes(鱼雷)firedfromaRussiansubmarine(潜水艇)inthefinalwinterofWorldWarII,morethan10,000people---mostlywomen,childrenandoldpeoplefleeingthefinalRedArmypushintoGermany—werepackedaboard.Anicestormhadturnedthedicksintofrozensheetsthatsenthundredsoffamiliesslidingintoseaastheshiplistedandbegantogodown.

Othersdesperatelytriedtoputlifeboatsdown.Somewhosucceededfoughtoffthoseinthewaterwhohadthestrengthtotrytogetaboard.

Mostpeoplefrozeimmediately.“I’llneverforgetthescreams,”saysChristaNutzmann,87,oneofthe1,200survivors.

Sherecallswatchingtheship,brightlylit,slippingintoitsdarkgrave—andrarelymentionedformorethanhalfacentury.

ThelongsilenceaboutthesinkingoftheWilhelmGustloffwasprobablyunavoidable—andnecessary.

Byunreservedlyconfessingtheircountry’shorriblecrimesGermanshavemanagedtowinacceptanceabroadandmakepeacewiththeirneighbors.

Today’sunifiedGermanyismoreprosperousandstablethanatanytimeinitslong,troubledhistory.

Forthat,ahalfcenturyofwillfulforgettingaboutpainfulmemoriesliketheGermanTitanicwasperhapsareasonablepricetopay.

ButeventhemostpoliticallycorrectGermansbelievethatthey’venowearnedtherighttodiscussthefullhistoricalrecord.

NottoidentifyGermansufferingwiththatofitsvictims,butsimplytoacknowledgeaterribletragedy.

31.TheWilhelmGustloffwentdownbecause

.A.itranintoanicestorm

.B.itwashitbyanothership

.C.itcrashedintoasubmarine

.D.itwasattackedbytorpedoes

A. the less pollution we have

B. the harder pollution can be done away with

C. the more pollution there will be

D. the more easily pollution can be controlled

A. the environmental balance

B. our daily life

C. the consumption of goods by man

D. the whole process of industrial production and consumption of goods

A. urging their governments to control litter and waste

B. cutting down the use of oil and other oil products

C. reducing unnecessary buying, over-consumption and careless disposal of wastes

D. making anti-pollution advertisements

Women earn less than men do. For example, in 1998 the hourly wages of women in the U. S. were 26% less than those of men.

The gap between male and female incomes varies with age. The gap between the labor incomes of young women and young men

varies. It's also clear that jobs in which women are concentrated pay less. The larger the number of workers who are women in ran

industry, the lower the average wages.

Why do women earn less than men do? Can the differences be explained by the fact that women are looked

down upon? If so, the government has to intervene(干预), to force the employers to pay equal wages to equal jobs. However, there is no agreement among economists about the causes of

the gap. One view argues that women, on the average, have chosen low-paying jobs in which workers enjoy the freedom of entering and leaving the labor force, which reduces their years of experience relative

to men. Other people say the gap can also be explained by the difference in educational background.

Much of the gap, however, has not been fully explained. It might be the result of some prejudice (偏见) against women. It is this part that has produced calls for government action. What would happen if the government did intervene to

increase the wages paid to women? One possibility is that incomes for women as a group might actually decline (下降). An increase in wage decreases the quantity of labor imput demanded, resulting in decreased employment as the rate of hiring new

workers declines. The result will be a surplus 过剩) of labor. Those who can find jobs might be better off while those who had jobs

might find themselves out of work.

48. Some economists believe women earn less than men partly because______.

A. there are more than enough women in the labor force

B. women have more freedom in selecting jobs

C. women are only provided with low-paid jobs

D. women are less experienced than men

A. Levels of education are closely related to productivity.

B. Women are not as productive as men.

C. Women receive less education than men.

D. Goods produced by men are not as good as those by women.

A. To ensure equal pay for women.

B. No solution is clearly suggested.

C. To explain why women are paidless.

D. To force employers to hire more women.

A. The imput of labor would be increased.

B. The unemployment rate would go up.

C. Those who have jobs would all become better off.

D. Women as a group would earn more than before.

Australia is nearly as large as the United States, but most of it is too dry for people to live in. Around

this dry part are large sheep and cow farms. A few of them are as large as the smallest states: of America.

Often the nearest neighbours are several hundred kilometers away.

The two-way radio is very important to people who live on these great Australian farms. It works much like a

telephone. A person can listen to someone else talk and then gives an answer. For example, people on

the large farms could talk to a doctor far away. They could tell the doctor about someone who was ill,

and the doctor could let them know how to look after the sick person.

As the large farms were so far from towns, the children could not go to school. Radio schools were

started for them in some places. At a certain time each day, boys and girls turn on their radios and

listen to teachers in cities far away.

Families on the large farms wanted to give news to their neighbours. The programme Round Robin

Talks by radio was started to keep families in touch with each other. They could talk about who was

going away and who was iii. The men could talk about their sheep and cows and how much money

the markets would pay for them. In many ways the radio became a newspaper for the farm people of Australia.

52. In the passage "the two-way radio" is______.

A. important to Americans

B. useful for children only

C. used as a telephone

D. only used by doctors

A. always went to school together

B. could have lessons on the radios

C. listened to teachers at school

D. built radio schools with teachers