A Society Without a Formal Authority
In the seventeenth century, European soldiers who came across soreS'Indian groups in the western Great Lakes round that several native tdbes (部落) were living in the area without a formal leadership system. They appeared to be "quite fridendly with each other without a formal authority"
Not only did the Indians appear to lack a formal system.of authority, but they also deeply hated any efforts to control their actions. All members of the tribes knew what was required of them by lifelong (一生的) familiarity with the tasks of the area. These tasks tended to be simple, since the indians' rate of social change was slow. Thus, although subgroups such as soldiers had recognized leaders, no real authority was required.
Rather than giving direct orders (which were considered rough), members of the tribes would arouse others to action by examples.
It would be difficult, if not impossible, to carry out such asystem in our own society.Most of us have grown up under one authority or another for as long as we can remember. Our parents, our teachers, our bosses, our government all have the recognized right under certain conditions to tell us what to do. The authority is so much a part of our culture that it is hard for us to imagine a workable society without it. We have been used to relying on authority to get things done and would probably be uncomfortable with the Indian methods of examples on a large scale.Of course, the major reason why the Indian system would not be suitable for us is that our society is too large. The number of tasks that various members of our scciety have to perform. often under tight time and resource limitations could not be treaed by the indian system. In modern societies, the formal authority system is necessary to achieve any social objectives.第 28 题 Which of the following statements about the European soldiers is correct?
A.They had no leaders.
B.They treated the Indian groups well.
C.They came across some Indian groups.
D.They found the Indian groups friendly to them.
第2题
“十二五”节能减排目标中新增了()两项指标。
A、氨氮、氮氧化物
B、一氧化碳、二氧化碳
C、碳氢化合物、二氧化硫
第3题
A.反映资源节约、环境友好的国民经济体系建设情况
B.反映环境责任追究力度的指标
C.反映解决突出环境问题情况
D.反映节能减排约束性指标完成情况
第4题
A.反映解决突出环境问题情况
B. 反映资源节约、环境友好的国民经济体系建设情况
C. 反映环境责任追究力度的指标
D. 反映节能减排约束性指标完成情况
第6题
A.能耗指标
B.水耗指标
C.物耗指标
D.污染物排放总量指标
第7题
A.能源消耗控制指标
B.用水总量控制指标
C.节能减排控制指标
D.用电总量控制指标
第8题
根据《节能减排综合性工作方案》国家节能减排的主要目标是:“十一五”期间单位国内生产总值能耗降低()%左右,主要污染物排放总量减少()%的约束性指标。
A.20 10
B.10 20
C.20 20
D.10 10
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