In the new century, the Asia-Pacific economic deve...

听力原文： In New Zealand, where sheep outnumber people 15 to one, folks know how to party. This weekend's bash promises to be the biggest in long while. Five top chefs have been dispatched across the fjords and through the forests to find the best ingredients for a massive feast. A renowned glassmaker--who sometimes crafts custom windshields for Ferraris and lamps for Arabian palaces--has created 450 dessert plates just for the occasion. Maori tribesmen will dance. But even so, this feast could flop. That's because the annual summit of the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation forum rarely generates much excitement.

APEC was founded in 1989, when Asia was a place of miracles, but much has changed in the decade since. Japan's stock market is still worth less than half its peak at the end of 1989, and much of the rest of the region is still trying to recover from the financial turmoil that began in the summer of 1997. Even now, with the South Korean and Thai economies expected to grow this year and Japan's economy showing signs of life, the International Monetary Fund warns that Asia's recovery is "precarious".

You'd think that the Asian crisis might have given APEC a sense of mission. But think again. The leaders are likely to avoid ideological lectures redevelopment that have stirred East-West tensions at previous meetings. MIT economist Paul Krugman recently declared APEC "an empty shell", and even APEC's own Business Advisory Council delivered a harsh assessment just last month. "APEC has at times lost sight of its own goals," the business executives charged, noting that member countries had been sluggish in pursuing free trade and investment.

On specific, substantive issues--like liberalization of sectors including food and autos--APEC has foisted responsibility on the WTO. That's partly because the WTO makes binding decisions on trade issues, while APEC "is not an organization really structured for action, says Charles E. Morrison, president of the East-West Center in Hawaii. Unlike the European Union, which makes majority decisions, APEC is a much looser grouping that adopts nonbinding measures.

The need for consensus makes it even harder to expect anything dazzling from Auckland. APEC leaders might endorse financial transparency and more efficient investment, and they'll try to agree on priorities for the upcoming WTO ministerial talks. But if those talks fizzle, what then? Bored officials can always turn their attention to New Zealand's 36,000 flocks of sheep--and rest up for the meatier WTO conference in November.

From the passage we can see, the author is quite ______ with the prospect of the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation forum.

A．optimistic

B．pessimistic

C．excited

D．puzzled

By stating that the theories are "mutually exclusive" the author means that

READ THE PASSAG

E. THEN ANSWER THE QUESTIONS. GIVE YOURSELF 20 MINUTES TO COMPLETE THIS PRACTICE SET. THE ORIGIN OF THE PACIFIC ISLAND PEOPLE THE GREATER PACIFIC REGION, TRADITIONALLY CALLED OCEANIA, CONSISTS OF THREE CULTURAL AREAS: MELANESIA, MICRONESIA, AND POLYNESIA. MELANESIA, IN THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC, CONTAINS THE LARGE ISLANDS OF NEW GUINEA, THE SOLOMONS, VANUATU, AND NEW CALEDONIA. MICRONESIA, THE AREA NORTH OF MELANESIA, CONSISTS PRIMARILY OF SMALL SCATTERED ISLANDS. POLYNESIA IS THE CENTRAL PACIFIC AREA IN THE GREAT TRIANGLE DEFINED BY HAWAII, EASTER ISLAND, AND NEW ZEALAN

D. BEFORE THE ARRIVAL OF EUROPEANS, THE ISLANDS IN THE TWO LARGEST CULTURAL AREAS, POLYNESIA AND MICRONESIA, TOGETHER CONTAINED A POPULATION ESTIMATED AT 700,000. SPECULATION ON THE ORIGIN OF THESE PACIFIC ISLANDERS BEGAN AS SOON AS OUTSIDERS ENCOUNTERED THEM; IN THE ABSENCE OF SOLID LINGUISTIC, ARCHAEOLOGICAL, AND BIOLOGICAL DATA, MANY FANCIFUL AND MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE THEORIES WERE DEVISE

D. PACIFIC ISLANDERS WERE VARIOUSLY THOUGHT TO HAVE COME FROM NORTH AMERICA, SOUTH AMERICA, EGYPT, ISRAEL, AND INDIA, AS WELL AS SOUTHEAST ASIA. MANY OLDER THEORIES IMPLICITLY DEPRECATED THE NAVIGATIONAL ABILITIES AND OVERALL CULTURAL CREATIVITY OF THE PACIFIC ISLANDERS. FOR EXAMPLE, BRITISH ANTHROPOLOGISTS

G. ELLIOT SMITH AND W.

J. PERRY ASSUMED THAT ONLY EGYPTIANS WOULD HAVE BEEN SKILLED ENOUGH TO NAVIGATE AND COLONIZE THE PACIFI

C. THEY INFERRED THAT THE EGYPTIANS EVEN CROSSED THE PACIFIC TO FOUND THE GREAT CIVILIZATIONS OF THE NEW WORLD(NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICA). IN 1947 NORWEGIAN ADVENTURER THOR HEYERDAHL DRIFTED ON A BALSA-LOG RAFT WESTWARD WITH THE WINDS AND CURRENTS ACROSS THE PACIFIC FROM SOUTH AMERICA TO PROVE HIS THEORY THAT PACIFIC ISLANDERS WERE NATIVE AMERICANS(ALSO CALLED AMERICAN INDIANS). LATER HEYERDAHL SUGGESTED THAT THE PACIFIC WAS PEOPLED BY THREE MIGRATIONS: BY NATIVE AMERICANS FROM THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST OF NORTH AMERICA DRIFTING TO HAWAII, BY PERUVIANS DRIFTING TO EASTER ISLAND, AND BY MELANESIANS. IN 1969 HE CROSSED THE ATLANTIC IN AN EGYPTIAN-STYLE. REED BOAT TO PROVE EGYPTIAN INFLUENCES IN THE AMERICAS. CONTRARY TO THESE THEORISTS, THE OVERWHELMING EVIDENCE OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY, LINGUISTICS, AND ARCHAEOLOGY SHOWS THAT THE PACIFIC ISLANDERS CAME FROM SOUTHEAST ASIA AND WERE SKILLED ENOUGH AS NAVIGATORS TO SAIL AGAINST THE PREVAILING WINDS AND CURRENTS. THE BASIC CULTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE SUCCESSFUL COLONIZATION OF THE PACIFIC ISLANDS INCLUDE THE APPROPRIATE BOAT-BUILDING, SAILING, AND NAVIGATION SKILLS TO GET TO THE ISLANDS IN THE FIRST PLACE; DOMESTICATED PLANTS AND GARDENING SKILLS SUITED TO OFTEN MARGINAL CONDITIONS; AND A VARIED INVENTORY OF FISHING IMPLEMENTS AND TECHNIQUES. IT IS NOW GENERALLY BELIEVED THAT THESE PREREQUISITES ORIGINATED WITH PEOPLES SPEAKING AUSTRONESIAN LANGUAGES(A GROUP OF SEVERAL HUNDRED RELATED LANGUAGES)AND BEGAN TO EMERGE IN SOUTHEAST ASIA BY ABOUT 5000

B.

C.

E. THE CULTURE OF THAT TIME, BASED ON ARCHAEOLOGY AND LINGUISTIC RECONSTRUCTION, IS ASSUMED TO HAVE HAD A BROAD INVENTORY OF CULTIVATED PLANTS INCLUDING TARO, YAMS, BANANA, SUGARCANE, BREADFRUIT, COCONUT, SAGO, AND RIC

E. JUST AS IMPORTANT, THE CULTURE ALSO POSSESSED THE BASIC FOUNDATION FOR AN EFFECTIVE MARITIME ADAPTATION, INCLUDING OUTRIGGER CANOES AND A VARIETY OF FISHING TECHNIQUES THAT COULD BE EFFECTIVE FOR OVERSEAS VOYAGIN

G. CONTRARY TO THE ARGUMENTS OF SOME THAT MUCH OF THE PACIFIC WAS SETTLED BY POLYNESIANS ACCIDENTALLY MAROONED AFTER BEING LOST AND ADRIFT, IT SEEMS REASONABLE THAT THIS FEAT WAS ACCOMPLISHED BY DELIBERATE COLONIZATION EXPEDITIONS THAT SET OUT FULLY STOCKED WITH FOOD AND DOMESTICATED PLANTS AND ANIMALS. DETAILED STUDIES OF THE WINDS AND CURRENTS USING COMPUTER SIMULATIONS SUGGEST THAT DRIFTING CANOES WOULD HAVE BEEN A MOST UNLIKELY MEANS OF COLONIZING THE PACIFI

C. THESE EXPEDITIONS WERE LIKELY DRIVEN BY POPULATION GROWTH AND POLITICAL DYNAMICS ON THE HOME ISLANDS, AS WELL AS THE CHALLENGE AND EXCITEMENT OF EXPLORING UNKNOWN WATERS. BECAUSE ALL POLYNESIANS, MICRONESIANS, AND MANY MELANESIANS SPEAK AUSTRONESIAN LANGUAGES AND GROW CROPS DERIVED FROM SOUTHEAST ASIA, ALL THESE PEOPLES MOST CERTAINLY DERIVED FROM THAT REGION AND NOT THE NEW WORLD OR ELSEWHER

E. THE UNDISPUTED PRE-COLUMBIAN PRESENCE IN OCEANIA OF THE SWEET POTATO, WHICH IS A NEW WORLD DOMESTICATE, HAS SOMETIMES BEEN USED TO SUPPORT HEYERDAHL"S "AMERICAN INDIANS IN THE PACIFIC" THEORIES. HOWEVER, THIS IS ONE PLANT OUT OF A LONG LIST OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN DOMESTICATES. AS PATRICK KIRCH, AN AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, POINTS OUT, RATHER THAN BEING BROUGHT BY RAFTING SOUTH AMERICANS, SWEET POTATOES MIGHT JUST HAVE EASILY BEEN BROUGHT BACK BY RETURNING POLYNESIAN NAVIGATORS WHO COULD HAVE REACHED THE WEST COAST OF SOUTH AMERICA. DIRECTIONS: NOW ANSWER THE QUESTIONS. THE GREATER PACIFIC REGION, TRADITIONALLY CALLED OCEANIA, CONSISTS OF THREE CULTURAL AREAS: MELANESIA, MICRONESIA, AND POLYNESIA. MELANESIA, IN THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC, CONTAINS THE LARGE ISLANDS OF NEW GUINEA, THE SOLOMONS, VANUATU, AND NEW CALEDONIA. MICRONESIA, THE AREA NORTH OF MELANESIA, CONSISTS PRIMARILY OF SMALL SCATTERED ISLANDS. POLYNESIA IS THE CENTRAL PACIFIC AREA IN THE GREAT TRIANGLE DEFINED BY HAWAII, EASTER ISLAND, AND NEW ZEALAN

D. BEFORE THE ARRIVAL OF EUROPEANS, THE ISLANDS IN THE TWO LARGEST CULTURAL AREAS, POLYNESIA AND MICRONESIA, TOGETHER CONTAINED A POPULATION ESTIMATED AT 700,000.

Dynamic commercial and technological forces are deepening worldwide economic integration and interdependence, bringing us closer together than at any other time in human history. Glohalization presented great opportunities, combining resources from various economies in new and innovative ways that will help us all grow faster, be more productive and create more jobs. It also poses formidable challenges as traditional business and social structures come under pressure to adapt to a rap idly changing environment.

As the world' s two largest economies, the U. S. and Japan have a special responsibility to help this vast transformation. Our security alliance undergirds the stability that has made possible an era of unprecedented prosperity in the Asia-Pacific region. We are working hard to keep that security partnership vital and strong. Economically, our two countries have joined hands to facilitate the free flow of goods, services and capital across the region and the world. Bilaterally, we have resolved many serious trade disputes and are committed to resolving new problems that arise. Multilaterally, we are cooperating to strengthen the global trading system and to promote trade and investment liberalization through the activities of APEC and the WTO.

American and Japanese businesses are joining forces in a wide range of sectors, bringing their respective strengths to a number of successful joint ventures. They give concrete meaning to the concept of win-win outcomes in trans-Pacific relations. For example, Texas Instruments has joined with Hitachi, and Motorola with Toshiba, to make semiconductors in Japan; GF and Yokogawa together produce and sell medical equipment; Time-Wagner and U.S. West are partnering with Japanese firms to offer cable telephone services; Hughes and its Japanese partners are bringing multi-channel TV to Japan; and Microsoft has ventures with a host of Japanese companies. I commend these and the many. Many more American and Japanese companies that are using their talents to create jobs, meet consumer needs and contribute to the continued economic growth of our two countries, the Pacific region and the world as a whole.

Our job in government is to continue to support policies that promote macroeconomic stability, as well as vigorous trade and investment. We must also respond to new demands on trade diplomacy which are just a few of the problems emerging, Infrastructure bottlenecks likewise pose a serious threat to growth. We need to look beyond traditional trade policy and at the bigger economic picture. A comprehensive attack on the full array of barriers to free trade and growth must be our continuing policy concern.

As we lead the transformation into the 21st century, the U. S. and Japan will confront common challenges at home. Such as reforming industrial structures and providing for aging populations. Dealing with these changes will not keep us from the enormous tasks abroad: integrating the economies in transition within the global fold, establishing regimes for sustainable growth that protect our environment, engendering a culture of trust in a world that spent much of this century deeply divided by ideology, and convincing rogue nations that the negotiating table is the only acceptable means of settling disputes. Through U. S. -Japan cooperation we can achieve our shared global objectives and better guarantee a prosperous future of peace and opportunity for us all.

Try to define the identity of the author and that of the audience he or she is addressing.

The word "overwhelming" in the passage is closest in meaning to

READ THE PASSAG

E. THEN ANSWER THE QUESTIONS. GIVE YOURSELF 20 MINUTES TO COMPLETE THIS PRACTICE SET. THE ORIGIN OF THE PACIFIC ISLAND PEOPLE THE GREATER PACIFIC REGION, TRADITIONALLY CALLED OCEANIA, CONSISTS OF THREE CULTURAL AREAS: MELANESIA, MICRONESIA, AND POLYNESIA. MELANESIA, IN THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC, CONTAINS THE LARGE ISLANDS OF NEW GUINEA, THE SOLOMONS, VANUATU, AND NEW CALEDONIA. MICRONESIA, THE AREA NORTH OF MELANESIA, CONSISTS PRIMARILY OF SMALL SCATTERED ISLANDS. POLYNESIA IS THE CENTRAL PACIFIC AREA IN THE GREAT TRIANGLE DEFINED BY HAWAII, EASTER ISLAND, AND NEW ZEALAN

D. BEFORE THE ARRIVAL OF EUROPEANS, THE ISLANDS IN THE TWO LARGEST CULTURAL AREAS, POLYNESIA AND MICRONESIA, TOGETHER CONTAINED A POPULATION ESTIMATED AT 700,000. SPECULATION ON THE ORIGIN OF THESE PACIFIC ISLANDERS BEGAN AS SOON AS OUTSIDERS ENCOUNTERED THEM; IN THE ABSENCE OF SOLID LINGUISTIC, ARCHAEOLOGICAL, AND BIOLOGICAL DATA, MANY FANCIFUL AND MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE THEORIES WERE DEVISE

D. PACIFIC ISLANDERS WERE VARIOUSLY THOUGHT TO HAVE COME FROM NORTH AMERICA, SOUTH AMERICA, EGYPT, ISRAEL, AND INDIA, AS WELL AS SOUTHEAST ASIA. MANY OLDER THEORIES IMPLICITLY DEPRECATED THE NAVIGATIONAL ABILITIES AND OVERALL CULTURAL CREATIVITY OF THE PACIFIC ISLANDERS. FOR EXAMPLE, BRITISH ANTHROPOLOGISTS

G. ELLIOT SMITH AND W.

J. PERRY ASSUMED THAT ONLY EGYPTIANS WOULD HAVE BEEN SKILLED ENOUGH TO NAVIGATE AND COLONIZE THE PACIFI

C. THEY INFERRED THAT THE EGYPTIANS EVEN CROSSED THE PACIFIC TO FOUND THE GREAT CIVILIZATIONS OF THE NEW WORLD(NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICA). IN 1947 NORWEGIAN ADVENTURER THOR HEYERDAHL DRIFTED ON A BALSA-LOG RAFT WESTWARD WITH THE WINDS AND CURRENTS ACROSS THE PACIFIC FROM SOUTH AMERICA TO PROVE HIS THEORY THAT PACIFIC ISLANDERS WERE NATIVE AMERICANS(ALSO CALLED AMERICAN INDIANS). LATER HEYERDAHL SUGGESTED THAT THE PACIFIC WAS PEOPLED BY THREE MIGRATIONS: BY NATIVE AMERICANS FROM THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST OF NORTH AMERICA DRIFTING TO HAWAII, BY PERUVIANS DRIFTING TO EASTER ISLAND, AND BY MELANESIANS. IN 1969 HE CROSSED THE ATLANTIC IN AN EGYPTIAN-STYLE. REED BOAT TO PROVE EGYPTIAN INFLUENCES IN THE AMERICAS. CONTRARY TO THESE THEORISTS, THE OVERWHELMING EVIDENCE OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY, LINGUISTICS, AND ARCHAEOLOGY SHOWS THAT THE PACIFIC ISLANDERS CAME FROM SOUTHEAST ASIA AND WERE SKILLED ENOUGH AS NAVIGATORS TO SAIL AGAINST THE PREVAILING WINDS AND CURRENTS. THE BASIC CULTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE SUCCESSFUL COLONIZATION OF THE PACIFIC ISLANDS INCLUDE THE APPROPRIATE BOAT-BUILDING, SAILING, AND NAVIGATION SKILLS TO GET TO THE ISLANDS IN THE FIRST PLACE; DOMESTICATED PLANTS AND GARDENING SKILLS SUITED TO OFTEN MARGINAL CONDITIONS; AND A VARIED INVENTORY OF FISHING IMPLEMENTS AND TECHNIQUES. IT IS NOW GENERALLY BELIEVED THAT THESE PREREQUISITES ORIGINATED WITH PEOPLES SPEAKING AUSTRONESIAN LANGUAGES(A GROUP OF SEVERAL HUNDRED RELATED LANGUAGES)AND BEGAN TO EMERGE IN SOUTHEAST ASIA BY ABOUT 5000

B.

C.

E. THE CULTURE OF THAT TIME, BASED ON ARCHAEOLOGY AND LINGUISTIC RECONSTRUCTION, IS ASSUMED TO HAVE HAD A BROAD INVENTORY OF CULTIVATED PLANTS INCLUDING TARO, YAMS, BANANA, SUGARCANE, BREADFRUIT, COCONUT, SAGO, AND RIC

E. JUST AS IMPORTANT, THE CULTURE ALSO POSSESSED THE BASIC FOUNDATION FOR AN EFFECTIVE MARITIME ADAPTATION, INCLUDING OUTRIGGER CANOES AND A VARIETY OF FISHING TECHNIQUES THAT COULD BE EFFECTIVE FOR OVERSEAS VOYAGIN

G. CONTRARY TO THE ARGUMENTS OF SOME THAT MUCH OF THE PACIFIC WAS SETTLED BY POLYNESIANS ACCIDENTALLY MAROONED AFTER BEING LOST AND ADRIFT, IT SEEMS REASONABLE THAT THIS FEAT WAS ACCOMPLISHED BY DELIBERATE COLONIZATION EXPEDITIONS THAT SET OUT FULLY STOCKED WITH FOOD AND DOMESTICATED PLANTS AND ANIMALS. DETAILED STUDIES OF THE WINDS AND CURRENTS USING COMPUTER SIMULATIONS SUGGEST THAT DRIFTING CANOES WOULD HAVE BEEN A MOST UNLIKELY MEANS OF COLONIZING THE PACIFI

C. THESE EXPEDITIONS WERE LIKELY DRIVEN BY POPULATION GROWTH AND POLITICAL DYNAMICS ON THE HOME ISLANDS, AS WELL AS THE CHALLENGE AND EXCITEMENT OF EXPLORING UNKNOWN WATERS. BECAUSE ALL POLYNESIANS, MICRONESIANS, AND MANY MELANESIANS SPEAK AUSTRONESIAN LANGUAGES AND GROW CROPS DERIVED FROM SOUTHEAST ASIA, ALL THESE PEOPLES MOST CERTAINLY DERIVED FROM THAT REGION AND NOT THE NEW WORLD OR ELSEWHER

E. THE UNDISPUTED PRE-COLUMBIAN PRESENCE IN OCEANIA OF THE SWEET POTATO, WHICH IS A NEW WORLD DOMESTICATE, HAS SOMETIMES BEEN USED TO SUPPORT HEYERDAHL"S "AMERICAN INDIANS IN THE PACIFIC" THEORIES. HOWEVER, THIS IS ONE PLANT OUT OF A LONG LIST OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN DOMESTICATES. AS PATRICK KIRCH, AN AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, POINTS OUT, RATHER THAN BEING BROUGHT BY RAFTING SOUTH AMERICANS, SWEET POTATOES MIGHT JUST HAVE EASILY BEEN BROUGHT BACK BY RETURNING POLYNESIAN NAVIGATORS WHO COULD HAVE REACHED THE WEST COAST OF SOUTH AMERICA. DIRECTIONS: NOW ANSWER THE QUESTIONS. THE GREATER PACIFIC REGION, TRADITIONALLY CALLED OCEANIA, CONSISTS OF THREE CULTURAL AREAS: MELANESIA, MICRONESIA, AND POLYNESIA. MELANESIA, IN THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC, CONTAINS THE LARGE ISLANDS OF NEW GUINEA, THE SOLOMONS, VANUATU, AND NEW CALEDONIA. MICRONESIA, THE AREA NORTH OF MELANESIA, CONSISTS PRIMARILY OF SMALL SCATTERED ISLANDS. POLYNESIA IS THE CENTRAL PACIFIC AREA IN THE GREAT TRIANGLE DEFINED BY HAWAII, EASTER ISLAND, AND NEW ZEALAN

D. BEFORE THE ARRIVAL OF EUROPEANS, THE ISLANDS IN THE TWO LARGEST CULTURAL AREAS, POLYNESIA AND MICRONESIA, TOGETHER CONTAINED A POPULATION ESTIMATED AT 700,000.

听力原文： President Bush is visiting Singapore on a Southeast Asia tour that includes a trip to Vietnam for a summit of Asia-Pacific leaders. Mr. Bush met today with Singaporean Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong and Acting President J. Y. Pillay at Singapore's government headquarters.

President Bush and his wife Laura also visited a museum of Asian civilizations, where they were treated to a performance of Asian fusion music. Singaporean school children also performed dances representing the island state's diverse cultures.

Mr. Bush is to give a speech in Singapore later today, the U.S. officials say who will set the agenda for his Asia tour. He is expected to talk about how the United States and Asian nations can work together to fight poverty, disease, terrorism and create energy security.

U.S. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice says Asia-Pacific nations must confront terrorism and other security threats if they want to maintain economic prosperity. Secretary Rice discusses the issue today with the regional foreign ministers at the APEC Forum in Hanoi.

She says the prosperity of the region is closely tied to combating threats such as terrorism, the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, and the spread of pandemic disease.

In his Southeast Asia tour, President Bush did all of the following EXCEPT to ______.

A．visit Singapore

B．attend a summit of Asia-Pacific leaders in Singapore

C．meet Singapore officials

D．enjoy Asian civilizations

The ambitious target of WHO in reducing the incidence of TB in the Western Pacific region is to

A．reduce the incidence of TB by 38% in less than ten years in the region.

B．reduce the incidence of TB by 50% in ten years in the region.

C．eliminate TB in ten years in the region.

D．fund a project in 13 of China's 31 provinces to fight ＴＢ.