【单选题】If someone’s skin is white and healthy, we say he or she has a ____ complexion.

Everyone knows that human language can be a superb

means of communication. Therefore, it can be damnably 【M1】______

misleading, a barrier to people's understanding with each

other, and never more so than when names given for the

ease of classification are taken to mean more than they 【M2】______

do. If, for instance, they say that this man is white and 【M3】______

that man coloured, we say no more than truth as long 【M4】______

as we understand that we are speaking only of the colour

of the skin. We can also make neutral and honest

comments such as that "A" is above average height,

has little than the average intelligence, is red- 【M5】______

haired, is born in the north, and is left-handed. The

danger raises when we find other men who are white 【M6】______

or coloured, who are tall, stupid, red-haired, northerners,

or sinister. It is then we begin to correlate one fact with 【M7】______

another and to make assumptions about other characteristics,

which we believe are linked to the features we first observe.

So that when we talk about the white or the coloured, 【M8】______

we apt to imply and believe that each adjective tells us 【M9】______

more about the person in the question than it can. We 【M10】______

are making them into portmanteau words into which

we have packed our hopes，our wishes，our prejudices and our fears．

【M1】

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.

听力原文： April Fools' Day is a day to play jokes on others. No one knows how this holiday began, but people think it first started in France. In the 16th century, French people celebrated New Year's Day from March 25 to April 1. In the mid-1560s King Charles IX changed it from March 25 to January 1. But some people still celebrated it on April 1, so others called them April Fools. Each country celebrates April Fools' Day differently. In France, people call the April Fools "April Fish". They tape a paper fish to their friends' backs to fool them. When he or she finds out, they shout "April Fish!"

In England, people play jokes only in the morning. You are a "noodle" if someone fools you. In Scotland, April Fools' Day is 48 hours long. They call an April Fool "April Gowk". Gowk is another name for a cuckoo bird.

In America, people play small jokes on their friends and many other people on the first of April. They may point down to your shoe and say, "Your shoelace is untied." If you believe them and look down to see, you are an April Fool then.

(4)

A．From March 25 to March 30.

B．January 1.

C．From March 25 to April 1.

D．April 1.

Eat for a Good and Healthful Life

Food(1)us alive. It is our sustenance and our pleasure. But recently, research has shown that the eating habits of the average Americans may be dangerous to future health.

The foods Americans now choose are oftentimes too(2)in calories and fats, so this article reports a new study: Diet and Health, Implications for Reducing Chronic Disease Risk.

The study, conducted(3)the National Research Council's Committee on Diet and Health,(4)that balancing nutrition, calories and activity is key(5)enjoying a long and healthful life.

The report recommends that most Americans increase(6)activity to a moderate level and make changes in food(7)and calories intake to maintain ideal weight. Most of us-- even those of us at ideal weight--need to eat(8)fat so that no more than 30% of our dally calories will come from fat.

That means cutting(9)on red meat and whole milk dairy products.(10), eat fish, chicken without skin, lean meats, and low-fat and no-fat dairy products.

The report of the Committee on Diet and Health recommends we eat five or more 1/2-cup servings of vegetables and fruits(11)-- especially green and yellow vegetables and citrus fruits.

Eating more fruits and vegetables doesn't have to mean increased calories intake. Many plant foods are nutrient-rich: they provide many vitamins and minerals for very few(12).

Nutrient-rich foods are particularly important for Americans(13)age 50. As we(14), we need to eat less because our bodies need(15)calories to function properly. But we still need full measures of vitamins and minerals to release the energy in our foods and make us feel strong and healthy.

A．remain

B．remains

C．keep

D．keeps

听力原文： Different countries and different people have different manners. Before entering a house in some Asian countries, it is good manners to take off your shoes. In some European countries, even though shoes are very muddy, this is not done. A guest in a Chinese house sometimes does not finish a drink to show that enough has been had. In a Malay house, too, a guest always leaves a little food. In Eng land, a guest always finishes a drink to show that he or she enjoys it.

We should learn about the customs of other people, so that they will not think us ill-mannered. But people all over the world agree that being well-mannered really means being kind and helpful to others, especially to those older or weaker. If you remember this, you will not go wrong.

Here are some examples of the things that well-mannered people do and do not do. They never laugh at people when they are in trouble. They are always kind either to people or animals. When peo ple are waiting for a bus, or in a post office they line up to wait for their turn. On the bus, they give their seats to older people who are standing. If they accidentally bump into someone, or get in their way, they say "Excuse me" or "I'm sorry".

They say "Please" when making a request, and "Thank you" when they receive something. They do not sit down until other persons are seated. They do not talk too much about themselves. When they're eating, they do not speak with their mouths full of food.

What should you do before you enter a house in some Asian countries?

A．Take off your coat.

B．Take off your shoes.

C．Take off your hat.

Sun and Skin Cancer

When Ellen was a teenager, she loved to be out in the summer sun. She ran, she worked in her garden. She would swim and sit by the pool for hours soaking up the sunshine. And she never got tired of hearing people tell her how great her tan looked.

As Ellen got older, she continued to spend lots of time outdoors in the sun. By the time she was in her forties, Ellen's skin had developed a weathered look, with small creases(褶皱) and wrinkles. That was okay, but she also began to notice brown patches developing on her face and hands. Ellen saw a doctor and found out she had a relatively mild case of skin cancer. Ellen was lucky. Her cancer was detected early. With early treatment, she was completely cured. But Ellen began—late in life to pay for all those years she had spent in the sun. Ellen isn't unusual. The athletic, bronzed bodies we see in magazine ads and TV commercials constantly tell the idea that a good tan means health, attractiveness, and fun. The result is that many people believe those ads. And they spend a lot of time in the sun—often just trying to get tan. That golden or bronze color may look nice, hot skin doctors know that sitting in the sun until you are baked several shades darker is not such a hot idea.

According to the National Cancer Institute, over 400,000 Americans can expect to get some form. of skin cancer this year. Most of these people will be 40 or older. However, skin cancer—especially skin cancer caused by exposure to the sun—can often take many years to develop. So it's never too early to protect yourself in the sun.

What's a tan?

As soon as warm weather arrives, lots of people who don't already have dark skin want to start working on their tans. But a tan isn't really nature's way of making you look gorgeous. A tan is your skin's defense against the sun's ultraviolet(UV) radiation. UV rays damage skin cells. So when you decide to have a marathon roasting session in the sun, cells in your skin called melanocytes(黑色细胞) go to work overtime. They produce an extra supply of melanin(黑色素), the brown/black pigment(色素) that gives your skin its color. That extra melanin makes your skin darker, and that's why you "tan".

Think of your tan as a shield of melanin your body produces to block out the UV radiation. The problem is, it is a weak shield at best. There's no way for your body to protect itself fully against the sun's harmful rays—especially if you expose yourself to the sun hour after hour, clay after day, year after year. As you get older, the buildup of many hours in the sun means more of a chance for skin damage and possibly skin cancer.

This skin damage takes two general forms. Some UV attacks supporting cells in the lower layer of the skin, called the dermis(真皮). That causes skin to get dry, tough, and wrinkled. Even more serious is the damage the sun's UV rays can do to the DNA of skin cells. DNA is the genetic blueprint that cells use to reproduce. With Damaged DNA, the skin may produce mutated(使变异，突变)cells that start to grow in an uncontrolled way: skin cancer.

Nature gives you a clue about how much sun is enough by the color of your skin. If your skin is light, you don't have much built-in protection against the sun. You probably tan very little, if at all. So be very careful in the sun.

If you have dark skin and dark hair, you can probably stand a bit more sun exposure. Just don't be fooled into thinking you can stay out in the sun indefinitely. You can't. People with dark skin also get sunburned and can suffer skin damage. It just takes a bit longer for the damage to show up.

Types of skin cancer

The three most common types of skin cancer are all connected with exposure to the sun. The most common of these is basal cell carcinoma. Basal cancers often look like waxy, pearly growths or red, scaly patches. They appear most often on the

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

【填空题】AV Clip 5: The Importance of Water Listen to a passage three times and while listening, you are to put the missing word in each numbered blank according to what you hear. Experts say water is important for many reasons. Between fifty-five and seventy-five percent of the body is water. Water in blood carries (1)__________ and antibodies through the body. Water in urine carries away waste materials. Water is needed for (2)_________ the body on hot days, and when we are working or exercising. Water carries body heat to the surface of the skin. There, the heat is lost through (3)____________. Health experts say adults should drink about two liters of water a day to (4)________ all the water lost in liquid wastes and perspiration. They say people should drink more than that in hot weather. Experts say it is important to drink before, during and after (5)________. They say we should drink water even before we start to feel like we need something to drink. During hot weather, cool liquids are best. Also, (6)________ sweet drinks and alcohol. We need to add that doctors also say it is possible to drink too much water. Some people, for example, do this if they exercise hard during a (7) _______ wave. Experts with the Mayo Clinic say drinking too much water can cause hyponatremia. In this condition, the level of (8) ______ in the blood falls too low. The result is that the amount of water in the body increases. This causes cells to become larger. Mayo Clinic experts say the (9)________ cells can cause a person to become sick or (10)________. They also can interfere with mental ability, make (11)________ weak and cause pain in the head. In a mild case, simply reducing fluids may be all that the person needs. But medical help is necessary if the condition is more(12) _________.