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6. The Voyage of the First Fleet The First Fleet left Portsmouth, England on 13 May 1787. The journey began with fine weather, and thus the convicts were allowed on deck. The Fleet was accompanied by the armed frigate Hyena until it left English waters. On 20 May 1787, one convict on the Scarborough reported a planned mutiny; those allegedly involved were flogged and two were transferred to Prince of Wales. In general, however, most accounts of the voyage agree that the convicts were well behaved. On 3 June 1787, the fleet anchored at Santa Cruz at Tenerife. Here, fresh water, vegetables and meat were brought on board. Phillip and the chief officers were entertained by the local governor, while one convict tried unsuccessfully to escape. On 10 June they set sail to cross the Atlantic to Rio de Janeiro, taking advantage of favourable trade winds and ocean currents. The weather became increasingly hot and humid as the Fleet sailed through the tropics. Vermin, such as rats, and parasites such as bedbugs, lice, cockroaches and fleas, tormented the convicts, officers and marines. Bilges became foul and the smell, especially below the closed hatches, was over-powering. While Phillip gave orders that the bilge-water was to be pumped out daily and the bilges cleaned, these orders were not followed on the Alexander and a number of convicts fell sick and died. Tropical rainstorms meant that the convicts could not exercise on deck as they had no change of clothes and no method of drying wet clothing.Consequently, they were kept below in the foul, cramped holds. On the female transports, promiscuity between the convicts, the crew and marines was rampant, despite punishments for some of the men involved. In the doldrums, Phillip was forced to ration the water to three pints a day. The Fleet reached Rio de Janeiro on 5 August and stayed for a month. The ships were cleaned and water taken on board, repairs were made, and Phillip ordered large quantities of food. The women convicts' clothing had become infested with lice and was burnt. As additional clothing for the female convicts had not arrived before the Fleet left England, the women were issued with new clothes made from rice sacks. While the convicts remained below deck, the officers explored the city and were entertained by its inhabitants. A convict and a marine were punished for passing forged quarter-dollars made from old buckles and pewter spoons. An English Fleet in Table Bay in 1787 by Robert Dodd. The Fleet left Rio de Janeiro on 4 September to run before the westerlies to the Table Bay in southern Africa, which it reached on 13 October. This was the last port of call, so the main task was to stock up on plants, seeds and livestock for their arrival in Australia. The livestock taken on board from Cape Town destined for the new colony included two bulls, seven cows, one stallion, three mares, 44 sheep, 32 pigs, four goats and "a very large quantity of poultry of every kind". Women convicts on the Friendship were moved to other transports to make room for livestock purchased there. The convicts were provided with fresh beef and mutton, bread and vegetables, to build up their strength for the journey and maintain their health. The Dutch colony of Cape Town was the last outpost of European settlement which the fleet members would see for years, perhaps for the rest of their lives. "Before them stretched the awesome, lonely void of the Indian and Southern Oceans, and beyond that lay nothing they could imagine." This was one of the world's greatest sea voyages – eleven vessels carrying about 1,487 people and stores had travelled for 252 days for more than 15,000 miles (24,000 km) without losing a ship. Forty-eight people died on the journey, a death rate of just over three per cent. 11. Which of the following place is NOT included in the journey of The First Fleet？
A、Portsmouth
B、Santa Cruz
C、Southampton
D、Rio de Janeiro
更多“6. The Voyage of the First Fleet The First Fleet l...”相关的问题
第1题
Between 1450 and 1433, Emperor Chu Ti's Treasure Fleet of the Dragon Throne ruled the entire south Pacific and the Indian Ocean, collecting gifts and tributes(贡品) for the Emperor throughout a territory that ranges from Korea and Japan to Eastern coast of Africa. The Admiral Cheng Ho began the first of seven voyages in 1405. The purpose of the first voyage was to hurt the former emperor who had been dethroned and escaped. The admiral's fleet, which was made up of 62 large junks and 255 smaller ships, recaptured the deposed emperor and also defeated a large pirate fleet that had been terrorizing the islands near Sumatra. Over the next 28 years, Admiral Cheng Ho increased China's trading territory to including 37 countries from the Vietnam coast to Persian Gulf, the Red Sea, and eastern Africa. Cheng He's death around 1435 signaled the end of the Treasure Fleet and disappearing of China's economic domination of the South Pacific.
It is implied but not stated that ancient navigation used to sail ______.
A．with their knowledge of the winds
B．by the sky
C．by the compass
D．by the currents of the Pacific
第2题
Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 through 40. For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should make the correct choice.
By the first century A.D, historians say, the Chinese had some knowledge of the winds and currents of the Pacific. When weather prevented the Chinese from navigating by the sky their mariners(水手) used magnetized(磁化) needles to guide them. Because the sailors had no level surface on their rocking ship, they floated the needle in a shallow bowl of water, and the compass that guided explorers to day was born.
Between 1450 and 1433, Emperor Chu Ti's Treasure Fleet of the Dragon Throne ruled the entire south Pacific and the Indian Ocean, collecting gifts and tributes(贡品) for the Emperor throughout a territory that ranges from Korea and Japan to Eastern coast of Africa. The Admiral Cheng Ho began the first of seven voyages in 1405. The purpose of the first voyage was to hurt the former emperor who had been dethroned and escaped. The admiral's fleet, which was made up of 62 large junks and 255 smaller ships, recaptured the deposed emperor and also defeated a large pirate fleet that had been terrorizing the islands near Sumatra. Over the next 28 years, Admiral Cheng Ho increased China's trading territory to including 37 countries from the Vietnam coast to Persian Gulf, the Red Sea, and eastern Africa. Cheng He's death around 1435 signaled the end of the Treasure Fleet and disappearing of China's economic domination of the South Pacific.
It is implied but not stated that ancient navigation used to sail ______.
A．with their knowledge of the winds
B．by the sky
C．by the compass
D．by the currents of the Pacific
第3题
Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 through 40. For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should make the correct choice.
By the first century A. D., historians say, the Chinese had some knowledge of the winds and currents of the Pacific. When weather prevented the Chinese from navigating by the sky their mariners(水手) used magnetized(磁化) needles to guide them. Because the sailors had no level surface on their rocking ship, they floated the needle in a shallow bowl of water, and the compass that guided explorers to day was born.
Between 1450 and 1433, Emperor Chu Ti's Treasure Fleet of the Dragon Throne ruled the entire south Pacific and the Indian Ocean, collecting gifts and tributes (贡品) for the Emperor throughout a territory that ranges from Korea and Japan to Eastern coast of Africa. The Admiral Cheng Ho began the first of seven voyages in 1405. The purpose of the first voyage was to hurt the former emperor who had been dethroned and escaped. The admiral's fleet, which was made up of 62 large junks and 255 smaller ships, recaptured the deposed emperor and also defeated a large pirate fleet that had been terrorizing the islands near Sumatra. Over the next 28 years, Admiral Cheng Ho increased China's trading territory to including 37 countries from the Vietnam coast to Persian Gulf, the Red Sea, and eastern Africa. Cheng He's death around 1435 signaled the end of the Treasure Fleet and disappearing of China's economic domination of the South Pacific.
It is implied but not stated that ancient navigation used to sail ______ .
A．with their knowledge of the winds
B．by the sky
C．by the compass
D．by the currents of the Pacific
第4题
A．He wanted to be the first to sail round the world.
B．He had to collect gifts and tributes for his emperor.
C．He was ordered to hunt the deposed former emperor.
D．He wanted to include the places he would cover into the Chinese territory.
第5题
完型填空The car was invented about a hundred years ago. You may know all kinds of the cars? names, but many people don?t know__1__was the inventor of the first car. The first car was invented not by a German, but by an American. His name was Henry Ford.
Henry was born in a poor family. He was the oldest of six children. When he was a boy, he became__2__in mending watches and machines. When he was twelve years old, his mother died. Soon he had to work in a machine shop for two dollars and fifty cents a week. In the evening he mended watches for another dollar a week. The__3__life made him strong and able.
At that time there was another interest in the life of the young man. He dreamed to make a machine, it could run__4__ a horse, so named “horseless carriage.” He overcame(克服) a lot of difficulties and in April, 1893, the “horseless carriage”was finished, it was the first Car.
Later Henry Ford founded the Ford Motor Company. He was__5___the first inventor of the car in the world.
1.A. interested B. really C. without D. who E. hard
2.A. interested B. really C. without D. who E. hard
3.A. interested B. really C. without D. who E. hard
4.A. interested B. really C. without D. who E. hard
5.A. interested B. really C. without D. who E. hard
第6题
(A) The cats.
(B) The rats.
(C) The sailors.
(D) The birds.
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