Michael _______ be a policeman, for he is too short.

Michael ______ be a policeman, for he's much too short．

  A．needn't  B．can't  C．should D．may

Queuse are long. Life is short. So why waste time waiting when you can pay someone to do it for you? In Washington D. C. — a city that struggles with more than its share of bureaucratic practices — a small industry is emerging that will queue for you to get everything from a driver's license to a seat in a congressional hearing.

Michael Dbrsey, one of the pioneering"service expediters", began going to traffic courts for other people back in 1988. Today his fees start at $ 20 and can go into the thousands to plead individual cases at the Bureau of Traffic Adjudication (his former employer). Mr. Dorsey knows what a properly written parking ticket looks like, and often gets fines invalidated on its failures in formality. His clients include congressmen and diplomats, as well as firms for which tickets are an occupational hazard, such as taxi operators and television broadcasters.

Service expediters are not universally loved. Non-tax income, like fines and fees, makes up a-bout 7% of local-government revenue in Washington. Mr. Dorsey alone relieves that fund of $ 150, 000 a year. Meanwhile, citizen advocacy groups keep complaining about expediters such as the Congressional Services Company and CVK Group that specialise in saving places for congressional hearings. Committees hearing hot topics such as energy regulation often do not have enough seats. Why should a well-heeled lobbyist who has paid $ 30 an hour to a professional place-holder grab the place? Critics say this perpetuates a two-layered system;the rich get good government service, but the poor still have to wait.

This seems a little harsh. Service expeditors can hardly be blamed for creating the unfair system they profit from. Anyway, it's not only rich corporate types who benefit from their services. Poor foreigners with little English hire expediters to navigate the ticket-fighting process; so do elderly anddisabled people who want to save time on errands that require long hours standing in line.

And, who knows, the service expediters might even shame the bureaucrats into pulling their socks up. Back in 1999, Washington's mayor, Tony Williams, promised to liberate citizens from the tyranny of the government queue. Things have gotten a bit better, but the 20-minute task of renewing a driver's license can still take days. Hiring an expert to confront the bureaucratic beast on your behalf takes care of that.

What is the new business which emerged in Washington D. C. ?

A．Helping to establish small industries.

B．Making false tickets and driver's licenses.

C．Assisting in organising congressional hearings.

D．Offering to go through official procedures for clients.

Queuse are long. Life is short. So why waste time waiting when you can pay someone to do it for you? In Washington D. C. — a city that struggles with more than its share of bureaucratic practices — a small industry is emerging that will queue for you to get everything from a driver's license to a seat in a congressional hearing.

Michael Dbrsey, one of the pioneering"service expediters", began going to traffic courts for other people back in 1988. Today his fees start at $ 20 and can go into the thousands to plead individual cases at the Bureau of Traffic Adjudication (his former employer). Mr. Dorsey knows what a properly written parking ticket looks like, and often gets fines invalidated on its failures in formality. His clients include congressmen and diplomats, as well as firms for which tickets are an occupational hazard, such as taxi operators and television broadcasters.

Service expediters are not universally loved. Non-tax income, like fines and fees, makes up a-bout 7% of local-government revenue in Washington. Mr. Dorsey alone relieves that fund of $ 150, 000 a year. Meanwhile, citizen advocacy groups keep complaining about expediters such as the Congressional Services Company and CVK Group that specialise in saving places for congressional hearings. Committees hearing hot topics such as energy regulation often do not have enough seats. Why should a well-heeled lobbyist who has paid $ 30 an hour to a professional place-holder grab the place? Critics say this perpetuates a two-layered system;the rich get good government service, but the poor still have to wait.

This seems a little harsh. Service expeditors can hardly be blamed for creating the unfair system they profit from. Anyway, it's not only rich corporate types who benefit from their services. Poor foreigners with little English hire expediters to navigate the ticket-fighting process; so do elderly anddisabled people who want to save time on errands that require long hours standing in line.

And, who knows, the service expediters might even shame the bureaucrats into pulling their socks up. Back in 1999, Washington's mayor, Tony Williams, promised to liberate citizens from the tyranny of the government queue. Things have gotten a bit better, but the 20-minute task of renewing a driver's license can still take days. Hiring an expert to confront the bureaucratic beast on your behalf takes care of that.

What is the new business which emerged in Washington D. C. ?

A．Helping to establish small industries.

B．Making false tickets and driver's licenses.

C．Assisting in organising congressional hearings.

D．Offering to go through official procedures for clients.

Text 4

Queuse are long. Life is short. So why waste time waiting when you can pay someone to do it for you? In Washington D. C. - a city that struggles with more than its share of bureaucratic prac- tices - a small industry is emerging that will queue for you to get everything from a driver's license to a seat in a congressional hearing.

Michael Dorsey,one of the pioneering" service expediters" ,began going to traffic courts for other people back in 1988. Today his fees start at $ 20 and can go into the thousands to plead indi- vidual cases at the Bureau of Traffic Adjudication( his former employer) . Mr. Dorsey knows what a properly written parking ticket looks like,and often gets fines invalidated on its failures in formali- ty. His clients include congressmen and diplomats,as well as firms for which tickets are an occupa- tional hazard,such as taxi operators and television broadcasters.

Service expediters are not universally loved. Non-tax income,like fines and fees,makes up a-bout 7% of local-government revenue in Washington. Mr. Dorsey alone relieves that fund of $ 150,000 a year. Meanwhile ,citizen advocacy groups keep complaining about expediters such as the Con-gressional Services Company and CVK Group that specialise in saving places for congressional hearings. Committees hearing hot topics such as energy regulation often do not have enough seats.Why should a well-heeled lobbyist who has paid $ 30 an hour to a professional place-holder grab the place? Critics say this perpetuates a two-layered system:the rich get good government service, but the poor still have to wait.

This seems a little harsh. Service expeditors can hardly be blamed for creating the unfair system they profit from. Anyway ,it's not only rich corporate types who benefit from their services. Poor foreigners with little English hire expediters to navigate the ticket-fighting process; so do elderly and disabled people who want to save time on errands that require long hours standing in line.

And ,who knows ,the service expediters might even shame the bureaucrats into pulling their socks up. Back in 1999,Washington's mayor ,Tony Williams ,promised to liberate citizens from the tyranny of the government queue. Things have gotten a bit better, but the 20-minute task of renewing a driver's license can still take days. Hiring an expert to confront the bureaucratic beast on your behalf takes care of that.

56. What is the new business which emerged in Washington D. C. ?

[ A] Helping to establish small industries.

[ B] Making false tickets and driver's licenses.

[ C] Assisting in organising congressional hearings.

[ D] Offering to go through official procedures for clients.

A．Michael has been diving for nine years.

B．Michael dives on holidays with his parents.

C．Michael loves diving ever since he first tried it.

D．Michael has never taken any diving courses.

A．Michael has been diving for nine years.

B．Michael dives on holidays with his parents.

C．Michael loves diving ever since he first tried it.

D．Michael has never taken any diving courses.

Wilmut maintains that cloning animals has tremendous potential for helping people. Cloned Sheep, he says, could be used as living drug factories. Scientists could "engineer" sheep that produce drugs in their milk. And by altering the proteins on the surfaces of animal organs to make them more like human organs, scientists believe they may be able to create a plentiful source of organ donors for people.

Why not clone humans as organ donors? Theoretically, Wilmut says, there is no reason his techniques couldn't someday be used to clone people. Think about the possibilities: a whole basketball team of Michael Jordans, a scientific panel of Albert Einsteins, a movie starring and co-starring Brad Pitts.

On a more serious note, some experts argue that couples who have difficulty having a baby could make copies of themselves. And parents whose child has a fatal disease like cancer might be able to clone the child, creating a twin who could be a bone-marrow (骨髓) donor.

But even Ian Wilmut draws the line at cloning humans. "All of us would find that offensive," he says. Several countries, including Britain, Denmark, Germany and Australia, have made all scientific work on cloning humans illegal. The U.S. has no such law, but President Clinton has set up a panel of scientists and philosophers to study the issue. In the meantime, Clinton has imposed a ban on using federal money to clone humans.

Humans are more than the sum of their genes, argues a philosopher at one research institute. Though they look exactly the same, clones are not necessarily exact copies. The younger twin might grow up with different influences—say, unusual friends or special teachers. A cloned Albert Einstein might fail his physics class. A cloned pop star might sing terribly.

Say you were cloned. Would your twin live a shorter life because he or she started out with DNA that was already 10, 20 or 30 years old? Scientists aren't sure. And how could you prevent someone from taking a sample of your hair and making a clone of you? Again, no solutions.

What do you think? Should scientists be allowed to clone animals? How about humans?

Wilmut, a world-famous researcher on cloning, believes that ______ .

A．cloning animals has already assisted human beings a lot in two aspects

B．his techniques may be applicable to people in order to create geniuses

C．line should be drawn and cloning animals is offensive

D．cloned sheep engineered to produce drugs in milk can be used as living drug factories