We ____ here for 20 years by the end of this year.

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.

听力原文： Hello ! Everyone ! I' m Kristine Lu Blake in Los Angeles. And here is a quick update of the headlines of CNN. A 16 year-old schoolboy, Andy Smith was recovered at home yesterday after being trapped all night in the cold store at the butcher' s shop where he works after school. The door swung shut as he was putting meat into the store. He realized he was left all alone after he bad shouted and kicked the door and no one answered. He kept warm by jumping and running for about 13 hours. And we' d like you to make a prediction about Andy Smith at Lu Blake com Poll. Do you believe Andy Smith will remain working at that shop? And this is prediction now. Now, well, ff you want a prediction, remember, some of all the predictions of "the Blake Factor" of listeners come true. We'll keep you up-to-date on that breaking story on our next hour update that comes your way just after the top of the hour. Stay tuned now, stay with us "World Sports" with Donald Kabuda continues right now, right here on CNN.

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A．The butcher.

B．The butcher' s son.

C．A student who does a part-time job.

D．The cold store at the butcher' s.

Section B

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.

The climate of earth has fluctuated quite a bit over the last 4.6 billion years of our planers history and it can be expected that the climate will continue to change. One of the most intriguing questions in earth science is whether the periods of ice ages are over or are we living in an "interglacial" period of time between ice ages?

The geologic time period we are now living in is known as the Holocene(全新世). This epoch began about 11,000 years ago which was the end of the last glacial period and the end of the Pleistocene (更新世) epoch. The Pleistocene was an epoch of cool glacial and warmer interglacial periods which began about 1.8 million years ago.

Since the glacial period known as the "Wisconsin" in North America and "Wrm" in Europe when over 10 million square miles (about 27 million km2) of North America, Asia, and Europe were covered by ice, almost all of the ice sheets covering the land and glaciers in the mountains have retreated. Today, about ten percent of the earth's surface is covered by ice; 96% of this ice is located in Antarctica and Greenland. Glacial ice is also present in such diverse places as Alaska, Canada, New Zealand, Asia, and California.

As only 11,000 years has passed since the last Ice Age, scientists can not be certain that we are indeed living in a postglacial Holocene epoch instead of an interglacial period of the Pleistocene and thus due for another ice age in the geologic future. Some scientists believe that an increase in global temperature, as we are now experiencing, could be a sign of an impending ice age and could actually increase the amount of ice on the earth's surface.

The cold, dry air above the Arctic and Antarctica carries little moisture and drops little snow on the regions. An increase in global temperature could increase the amount of moisture in the air and increase the amount of snowfall. After years of more snowfall than melting, the Polar Regions could accumulate more ice.

An accumulation of ice would lead to a lowering of the level of the oceans and there would be further, unanticipated changes in the global climate system as well. Our short history on earth and our shorter record of the climate keeps us from fully understanding the implications of global warming. Without a doubt, an increase in the earth's temperature will have major consequences for all life on this planet.

Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A．Has the Pleistocene Epoch Ended?

B．Another Ice Age in the Geologic Future Is Coming?

C．The Ice Ages: Are They Over?

D．Glacial Ice Will Be Present in Different Places?

听力原文：G Hi there! Uh, looking for some help? S Oh! Yeah, I uh ... was just wandering around the campus trying to get acquainted with it. G Well, I can give you some information if you would like. Im a senior this year, and basically my job for the day is to acquaint new students with the campus ... answer any questions ... So yeah! Welcome! What are you going to be studying this year? S Ive, uh, registered as a biology student. G Great! Well um ... the natural science buildings are on the other end of campus, what we call East Campus. You must have been there already if youve registered with Biology because they have all their advising appointments there. Anyway, uh, East Campus is where all your classes will likely be, which is convenient if youre interested in i sports.., are you? S Yes, I am! Why do you ask? G Well, the athletic facilities are on the East Campus. Oh, weve got some amazing athletic facilities ... you really should see them. Two years ago we got a donation from a former student to commission a brand new athletic complex. I think the guy who donated the money was an NHL star or something ... anyway, weve got a beautiful Olympic-sized pool with a glass ceiling that lets in all the sunlight. So on a really cold exam day, you can still go in and do your laps and soak up the sunrays! Theres also a two-story weight area with state- of-the-art equipment, free-weights, and resistance machines. Oh, theres a trampoline room, which is tons of fun. A gorgeous sauna area ... oh, and I almost forgot! An indoor skating rink! Go figure, huh? It was a hockey star that donated the money for it, after all. S Wow, that all sounds really neat. I guess Ill have plenty to do on my breaks. But ... Ive heard theres an extra- curricular orchestra on campus. Where do they rehearse? G Good question ... let me, uh, look that up ... Right! Here we go. The orchestra rehearses at the Student Activities Center. Thats located on Center Campus. Oh, I remember now! Ive seen those rooms. They have tons of practice rooms for musicians. You can just go to the porters desk at the front door and leave your student card, and theyll give you a key to a soundproof module. You can go and practice your instrument, use the pianos there, whatever you feel like. And theres a large orchestra rehearsal room on the third floor. It overlooks the front field, so you can watch the football team go for gold while you practice your Brahms! What uh ... what instrument do you play? S The oboe. Do you know where I can find out about auditions for the orchestra? I think theyre coming up soon. G Good question ... Id, uh, Id ask at the porters desk at the Student Activities Center. They should have all the information there for you. In fact, they are also having an event this afternoon to welcome new students to campus. Its the annual Orientation Barbecue. Happens every year, and the orientation committee has been planning it for months. Well, since the beginning of the summer I guess ... you havent heard of it? S No, strangely, I havent. Well ... whos going to be there? G Every single club on campus will be set up in different kiosks, and they will be able to give you all sorts of information. In fact, youll probably learn a lot about clubs you hadnt even thought of! Theres a cooking club, and a hiking club, oh, and a club devoted to exploring the town for people who are new here. Theres a Latin Dancing club, a drama group, a stand-up-comedy league, tons and tons of things. Thats very odd that you havent heard about it. Every new student was supposed to have had a brochure about it mailed to them in August. S Ah, well my parents just moved in July, so my mailing address has been a bit wonky. Perhaps it went astray. But uh ... wow, its a barbecue you say? G Oh yeah! Of course, free hamburgers and veggie-dogs! The whole campus will be there. Its a great opportunity to meet new people. I was also planning to go. In fact, Im probably going to walk over there soon. It starts in half an hour. If you want to wait a bit, Ill go over there with you! S Yeah, that would be great! Dont really know my way around much yet. Thanks! G My pleasure. G Theres also a two-story weight area with state-of-the-art equipment, free-weights, and resistance machines. Oh, theres a trampoline room, which is tons of fun. A gorgeous sauna area ... oh, and I almost forgot! An indoor skating rink! Go figure, huh? What does the guide imply when she says this: G ... oh, and I almost forgot! An indoor skating rink!In this part of the section, you will hear I conversation and 2 lectures. You must answer each question. After you answer, click the Next icon. Then click the OK icon to confirm your answer and go on to the next question. After you click the OK icon, you will not be able to return to previous questions. You will now begin this part of the Listening section. You will have 10 minutes to answer the questions.

Why does the guide start a conversation with the student?

A．To invite him to a football game.

B．To see if he has any questions.

C．To ask if he would like to be a guide.

D．To ask the student for directions.

SECTION B INTERVIEW

Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.

Now listen to the interview.

听力原文：M: Susan, good to have you here this morning. In your book The Book of No, there are 250 ways to say "no" and mean it and stop people-pleasing forever. They are detailed strategies that will help you take charge of your life. Such is one of my new year's resolutions, to be able to say "no" more often, but really when we think of no, to many of us, it sounds like such a negative thing. But you say it doesn't have to be, why?

W: Well, it really isn't a negative thing, It's exactly the opposite. It's positive because you get to take back your time and do things for the people that you really care about. We get to start doing things for friends and then we say what happened to me? I have no time for the people who are important to me.

M: And you say that when people say yes often, they are failing into that people-pleaser trap. What can we do to break that pattern?

W: They fall into the trap because they are afraid that people will think they are lazy, uncaring, selfish, at worst they think they'll leave their job, they'll lose their job. So we have all these negatives that have come from childhood and they pop back into our heads and it just doesn't work that way.

M: So when you're saying no to people you're really saying yes to yourself and you actually have some good points in the book to help people take charge of their lives--being able to say no more often. Then let's go through 5 other steps you say: make a list of your yeses, make your time well managed, get your priorities straight, know your limits and give control to others. So, tell us how we can put these into practice.

W: I think that giving control to others is the key because we all think we can do something better when in fact there are other people who can do then. Yeah, you wind up president of the PTA; you don't have to do that. Somebody else can do that. Somebody else can car pool and then you can go to get your nails done. And saying no doesn't make you a terrible person.

M: What do you mean by making a list of your yeses though, I mean how is that, how should that be taken into consideration with your decision-making?

W: Because you will be shocked how many times and how many people you say yes to. And you don't save any time for yourself and the people who are important to you.

M: SO that allow you to set your priorities based on, you know, knowing when you can say no.

W: Figure out who has the first crack at you. Is it your boss? Is it your husband? Is it your children?

M: What about, you know, a lot of us fear the effects of saying no. Will it destroy my relationship? Will people remember this? Will this be held against to me at work? How do you get over that and even some of the guilt that goes along with saying no?

W: One of the alerts in the book is, and I think this is key, is that people don't think about you as much as you think and worry that they are. They're moving on to the next person. You won't water my plants. You won't drive car pool. You won't take this job upon the work. They are looking for the next person. They are really not thinking about you.

M: And roll quickly, you have which you call the "no credo" and you say it should be your bill of right to say no, make feelings known, guard personal boundaries, exercise your choice to say no, postpone an answer, with-hold explanations and you can change your mind. So again, bottom line, here roll quickly.

W: Bottom line is to think yes before you think no. I think no before you think yes. Yes to yourself though.

M: Yes to yourself and no m everyone else. Susan Newman, thank you so much. Nice to ta

A．follow your inclinations,

B．have time to make friends.

C．spend time on your concern.

D．refuse annoying requests.

SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST

Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.

听力原文： Here is the Democratic House Speaker Nancy Pelosi: "After more than 3,600 lives have been lost to a flawed strategy, we have a responsibility to create a new direction, to those who urge that we wait until September, I say it has been four and a half years and a half trillion dollars at least. We have already waited too long." This is the second time the House has voted for a specific withdrawal target date. President Bush vetoed legislation approved by. the House and Senate earlier this year that tied war funding to a timetable. The president has promised to veto any new such legislation reaching his desk and would likely have enough support on Capitol Hill to sustain a veto. In his comments accompanying the release of the interim progress report, President Bush reiterated his view that the U.S. can still succeed in Iraq, urged patience and said he considers history's judgment of his actions more important than public opinion polls.

How many times has the House voted for a specific withdrawal target date up to now?

A．One.

B．Two.

C．Three.

D．Four.

The coastlines on the two sides of the Atlantic Ocean present a notable parallelism: the easternmost region of Brazil, in Pernambuco, has a convexity that corresponds almost perfectly with the concavity of the African Gulf of Guinea, while the contours of the African coastline between Rio de Oro and Liberia would, by the same approximation, match those of the Caribbean Sea.

Similar correspondences are also observed in many other regions of the earth. This observation began to awaken scientific interest about sixty years ago, when Alfred Wegener, a professor at the University of Hamburg, used it as a basis for formulating a revolutionary theory in geological science. According to Wegener, there was originally only one continent or landmass, which he called Pangea. Inasmuch as continental masses are lighter than tile base on which they rest, he reasoned, they must float on the substratum of igneous rock, known as sima, as ice floes float on the sea. Then why, he asked, might continents not be subject to drifting? The rotation of the globe and other forces, he thought, had caused the cracking and, finally, the breaking apart of the original Pangea, along an extensive line represented today by the longitudinal submerged mountain range in the center of the Atlantic. While Africa seems to have remained static, the Americas apparently drifted toward the west until they reached their present position after more than 100 million years. Although the phenomenon seems fantastic, accustomed as we are to the concept of the rigidity and immobility of the continents, on the basis of the distance that separates them it is possible to calculate that the continental drift would have been no greater than two inches per year.

The title below that best expresses the main idea of this passage is ______.

A．A Novel Theory

B．Pangea

C．Two Inches Per Year

D．Static Africa

Obesity Epidemic

Ask anyone why there is an obesity epidemic and they will say that it's all down to eating too much and burning too few calories. That is undoubtedly true. But it's also true that we live in an "obesogenic (肥胖基因的) environment": calorific food is plentiful and cheap and our lifestyles are increasingly sedentary.

Now, obesity researchers are increasingly dissatisfied with such explanations. They believe that something else must have changed in our environment to cause such dramatic rises in obesity over the past 40 years or so. Nobody is saying that the "big two" -- reduced physical activity and increased availability of food -- are not important contributors to the epidemic. But they cannot explain it all.

Earlier this year a review paper by 20 obesity experts set out the 9 most plausible alternative explanations for the epidemic. Here they are.

Not Enough Sleep

It is widely believed that sleep is for the brain, not the body. Could a shortage of shut-eye also be helping to make us fat?

Several large epidemiological studies suggest there may be a link. People who sleep less than 7 hours a night tend to have a higher body mass index (BMI) than people who sleep more, according to data gathered by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Similarly, the US Nurses Health Study found that those who slept an average of 5 hours a night gained more weight during the study period than those who slept 6 hours, who in turn gained more than those who slept 7.

It's well known that obesity impairs sleep, so perhaps people get fat first and sleep less afterwards. But the nurses' study suggests that it can work in the other direction too: sleep loss may cause weight gain. One factor that could be at work here is the way sleep deprivation alters metabolism (新陈代谢). Leptin, the hormone that signals satiety (过饱), falls while ghrelin, which signals hunger, rises -- and this boosts appetite.

Climate Control

We humans, like all warm-blooded animals, can keep our core body temperatures pretty much constant regardless of what's going on in the world around us. We do this by altering our metabolic rate, shivering or sweating. Keeping warm and staying cool take energy.

There's no denying that surrounding temperatures have changed in the past few decades. In the US, the changes have been at the other end of the thermometer as the proportion of homes with air conditioning rose from 23 to 47 per cent between 1978 and 1997. In the southern states -- where obesity rates tend to be highest -- the number of houses with air con has shot up to 70 per cent from 37 per cent in 1978.

Could air conditioning in summer and heating in winter really make a difference to our weight? Sadly, there is some evidence that it does -- at least with regard to heating.

Less Smoking

Bad news: smokers really do tend to be thinner than the rest of us, and quitting really does pack on the pounds, though no one is sure why. It probably has something to do with the fact that nicotine is an appetite suppressant and appears to up your metabolic rate.

Katherine Flegal and colleagues at the US National Center for Health Statistics in Hyattsville, Maryland, have calculated that people kicking the habit have been responsible for a small but significant portion of the US epidemic of fatness. From data collected around 1991 by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, they worked out that people who had quit in the previous decade were-much more likely to be overweight than smokers and people who had never smoked. Among men, for example, nearly half of quitters were Overweight compared with 37 per cent of nonsmokers and only 28 per cent of smokers.

Prenatal Effects

Your chances of becoming fat may be set, at least in part, before you are even born. Children of

A．Y

B．N

C．NG