Households spent £56 per week on motoring in 1998.

Those scientists spent three weeks in drafting the research proposal.

A.clarifying

B.formulating

C.revising

D.contributing

?The pie chart below shows the hours spent on four in-house training courses in your company.

?Using the information from the chart, write a report comparing the four courses.

?Write 120-140 words.

Most of his time is spent ______ information on sports and games.

A.collecting

B.collected

C.to collect

D.for collecting

According to a concerned 1997 article in the Boston Globe, the United States spent less than one percent of its transportation budget on facilities for pedestrians (行人). Actually, I'm surprised it was that much. Go to almost any suburb developed in the last 30 years, and you will not find a sidewalk anywhere. Often you won't find a single pedestrian crossing.

I was made fully aware of this one summer when we were driving across Maine and stopped for coffee in one of those endless zones of shopping malls (购物中心) , motels, gas stations and fast-food places. I noticed there was a bookstore across the street, so I decided to forget coffee and go there to have a look.

Although the bookshop was no more than 70 or 80 feet away, I discovered that there was no way to cross over six lanes of swiftly moving traffic on foot without putting myself in danger. In the end, I had to get in our car and drive across.

At the time, it seemed ridiculous and annoying, but afterward I realized that I was possibly the only person ever to have thought of crossing the street on foot.

The fact is, we not only don't walk anywhere anymore in this country, we won't walk anywhere, and dislike anyone who tries to make US, as the city of Laconia, N.H. discovered. In the early 1970s, Laconia spent millions on a comprehensive urban renewal project, which included building a pedestrian mall to make shopping more pleasant. Esthetically (美学上) it was a triumph-urban planners came from all over to praise and take photos—but commercially it was a disaster. Forced to walk one whole block from, a parking garage, shoppers abandoned downtown Laconia for suburban malls.

In 1994 Laconia dug up its pretty paving blocks, took away the flowers and decorative trees, and brought back the cars. Now people can park right in front of the stores again, and downtown Laconia thrives again.

And if that isn't sad, I don't know what is.

In Paragraph 1, "I'm surprised it was that much" means the author thinks ______.

A．the government spends too much on facilities for pedestrians

B．the government spends just enough on facilities for pedestrians

C．the amount is more than he has expected

D．the amount is less than he has expected

根据下面资料，回答题

Sell， Sell， Sell

Last year over ε 13bn was spent on advertising in the UK and research indicates that most people will have seen 2m sales messages by the time they are 30. Advertising is big business and often acts as the interface between commerce and culture. While there are many adverts that just irritate， there are some that are miniature works of art. （0）.. G... The advertisers themselves believe they are delivering an important message because they are protecting and promoting a client"s brand and extending greater choice to the consumer. （8）Instead of being free， many TV channels would only be available on subscription packages of about ε 500 per month and newspapers might cost six times more than their present cover pdce.There are many different models of advertising practice， but no one is precisely sure what makes a good advert. （9） While some try to get you to buy a product， others， such as anti- smoking campaigns， aim to get you not to do something. Some adverts are not aimed at consumers at all， but at retailers， shareholders or employees. For example， manufacturers

often advertise their products in trade magazines to reassure retailers that a new brand will be widely promoted. Petrol companies often choose to emphasize how environmentally friendly they are; this is to offset any negative public perceptions of the industry rather than to persuade consumers to buy an individual brand of petrol. （10） This is because petrol is regarded， in advertising terms， as a distress purchase. We get it because we can"t do without it， not because we really want it. In general， however， the main aim of advertising is to attribute emotional qualities to a product in order to create an individual brand that the consumer can associate with.

Working out whether an advert has been successful is extremely difficult. （11） For example， what persuaded them to buy a car? You cannot be sure whether it was the advertising， the price， the opposition"s distribution， changes in the law or changes in consumer attitudes that was the determining factor. What advertising can"t do is make consumers buy something they don"t want. It can perhaps persuade you to try something once， but if you don"t like what you get， you won"t try it again， （12） In other words， where there is no emotional engagement， such as a consumer"s feelings about a bag of peas， beliefs are much harder to shift.

A．Moreover， it is almost impossible to get people to change the way they view things they are indifferent to.

B．Over the last ten years， other forms of advertising， such as direct marketing， have become increasingly popular as well as scientific.

C．They don"t， as the industry well knows， care enough to be brand loyal to such a product.

D．Whether you accept this argument or not， you have to recognize that without advertising our world would be very different.

E．The problem lies in isolating precisely what motivates people to behave in a particular way.

F．This is partly because not all advertisements are designed to do the same thing.

G．The production costs involved in these can reach higher figures than those for the average movie.

（8）应选

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According to the passage, which one is tree?

A．Most overseas students spent much more time studying.

B．British students don't like to communicate with overseas students.

C．Overseas students are used to the pub-centered drinking culture.

D．British students should make friends with overseas students.