______ was a progressive intellectual movement throughout Western Europe in the 18th century.

(The)____was a progressive intellecrual movement throughout Western Europe in the 18th century.

A、Romandcism

B、Humanism

C、Enlightenment

D、Sentimentalism

听力原文： In the 18th century French economists protested the excessive regulation of business by the government. Their motto was laisser faire. Laisser faire means let the people do as they choose. In the economic sense, this meant that while the government should be responsible for things like maintaining peace and protecting property rights, it should not interfere with private business. It shouldn't create regulations that might hinder business growth, nor should it be responsible for providing subsidies to help. In other words, governments should take a hands-off approach to business.

For a while in the United States, laisser faire was a popular doctrine. But things quickly changed. After the Civil War, politicians rarely opposed the government's generous support of business owners. They were only too glad to support government land grants and loans to railroad owners, for example. Their regulations kept tariffs high and that helped protect American industrialists against foreign competition. Ironically in the late 19th century, a lot of people believed that the laisser faire policy was responsible for the country's industrial growth. It was generally assumed that because business owners did not have a lot of external restrictions placed on them by the government, they could pursue their own interests, and this was what made them so successful. But in fact, many of these individuals would not have been able to meet their objectives if not for government support.

Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

33. What does the passage mainly talk about?

34. Who first used the motto laisser faire?

35. What is the principal idea of the laisser faire policy?

(30)

A．Competition in business.

B．Government grants.

C．A type of economic policy.

D．International transportation practices.

A、 The Enclosure Movement

B、 The Industrial Revolution

C、 The Religious Reform

D、 The Enlightenment

The word "civilization" was just coming into use in the 18th century, in French and in English, when conservative men of letters preferred to avoid it as a newfangled

A．orthography

B．homonym

C．cognomen

D．misnomer

E．neologism

The word "civilization" was just coming into use in the 18th century, in French and in English, when conservative men of letters preferred to avoid it as a newfangled______ .

A．orthography

B．homonym

C．cognomen

D．misnomer

E．neologism

The word "civilization" was just coming into use in the 18th century, in French and in English, when conservative men of letters preferred to avoid it as a newfangled______ .

A．orthography

B．homonym

C．cognomen

D．misnomer

E．neologism

A．In the 18th century.

B．In the Middle Ages.

C．In the 19th century.

D．In the modern times.

It is doubtful that there was a more successful comedy team in the 20th century(1)the 正确hree Stooges. Larry, Moe, and Curly became famous for their many short movies(2)extraordinary comedy. In their movies, they found many ways of(3)funny actions. 正确hey attracted large audience and received a lot of(4). However, their movies also(5)criticism. Some people who didn't like the 正确hree Stooges(6)they were too violent. In a 正确V interview Moe and Larry were roused to(7)themselves. 正确heir coarse brand, they said, shouldn't be taken(8). It was just "cartoon violence".

  正确he Stooges got their name and their start in an act(9)正确ed Healy and His Stooges. 正确his act began(10)the way for their exceedingly successful career.(11), the team was composed of Larry, Moe and Shemp.(12), Shemp left for a career in more serious movies. When Shemp left, Curly took his(13). Shemp's clumsy character returned in 1946 after Curly(14)a stroke.

  Moe was the heart and soul of the team, acting as(15)their main comic force and their director. He was responsible(16)scripting many of the jokes. He'd also spend time providing his services as their business manager. In 1934 the team began a series of comedy shorts that numbered more than 200(17)they ceased in 1958,(18)won them numerous fans.(19)all the criticism, the 正确hree Stooges are undoubtedly the most famous comedy team that history.(20)invented.

听力原文： The first postal service in North America began in New England (33)in the 17th century. All mail arriving in Massachusetts colony was sent to the home of appointed official in Boston. In turn, he would deliver the mail from Boston on horseback to its destination, receiving one penny for each good article of mail. Later in the century postal services were established between Philadelphia and Delaware. (34) In 1691, the British crown appointed the first postmaster general to have charge of the mail for all the colonies in North America. Later, Benjamin Franklin served as the postmaster general for the British government and then was made postmaster by the newly formed United States govern ment. (35)Franklin was responsible for establishing the United States'postal systems on a permanent basis. He in creased the number of post office, introduced the use of stagecoaches to carry mail, and started a package service system. They were used to carry mail into the towns. Some communities, especially those out west, were far from the services of transportation. To serve them, the post office developed a system called "star routes". Private contractors paid to deliver mail to the communities from railways by horse and wagon. The postal service, which was (32) started over 3 centuries ago, has developed into an extensive government service with post offices in every city, town, and village in the United States.

(33)

A．The history of Benjamin Franklin.

B．The history of the U.S. mail.

C．The Changes of writing letters.

D．The history of U. S.