You should decide which types of supporting materials you need. We have 7 types of materia

Section B

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.

Do we need laws that prevent us from running risks with our lives? If so, then perhaps laws are needed prohibiting the sale of cigarettes and alcoholic drinks. Both products have been known to kill people. The hazards of drinking too much alcohol are as bad or worse than the hazards of smoking mo many cigarettes. All right then, let's pass a law closing the liquor stores and the bars in this country. Let's put an end once and for all to the ruinous disease from which as many as 10 million Americans currently suffer—alcoholism.

But wait. We've already tried that. For 13 years, between 1920 and 1933, there were no liquor stores anywhere in the United States. They were shut down—abolished by an amendment to the Constitution (to 18th) and by a law of Congress (the Volstead Act). After January 20,1920, there was supposed to be no more manufacturing, selling, or transporting of "intoxicating liquors." Without any more liquor, people could not drink it. And if they did not drink it, how could they get drunk? There would be no more dangers to the public welfare from drunken-ness and alcoholism. It was all very logical. And yet prohibition of liquor, beer, and wine did not work. Why?

Because, law or no law, millions of people still liked to drink alcohol. And they were willing to take risks to get it. They were not about to change their tastes and habits just because of a change in the law. And gangs of liquor smugglers made it easy to buy an illegal drink—or two or three. They smuggled millions of gallons of the outlawed beverages across the Canadian and Mexican borders. Drinkers were lucky to know of an illegal bar that served Mexican or Canadian liquor. Crime and drunkenness were both supposed to decline as a result of prohibition. Instead people drank more alcohol than ever—often poisoned alcohol.

On December 5,1933, they repealed prohibition by ratifying the 21st Amendment to the Constitution.

Which of the following was NOT a characteristic reason for the proposal of the 18th Amendment to the Constitution and the Volstead Act?

A．There would be no further danger to the public from alcoholism.

B．There would be a rise in the cost of alcoholic beverages.

C．Without liquor, people would not drink.

D．People would not become drunk or create a public nuisance.

听力原文：I know that many of you have trains to catch and in a couple of cases flights to catch so I won't keep you very much longer. However, yon are aware that the sheet listing course dates, fees and other information which was sent out prior to this meeting was incomplete. I'm afraid not all the details had been confirmed by the time we went to press and there are a number of omissions. However, I'm now in s position to give you the rest of this information so you can add it to your copy. We've been fortunate in obtaining the same hotel as last year—that's the Station for the people on attachment so the residential periods will be spent at the Station Hotel in Brimston Square. The overall fee will now include laundry charges. I know that there were disagreements last year as it was felt that costs of personal laundry while away from home should not be borne by participants. However, you will still need funds to cover your daily travel costs from the hotel to the training centre and although the hotel will provide breakfast and evening meal you will need to meet both transport as I've just mentioned and, er, lunch each day out of your own pocket. You may remember, however, that subsidized lunches are available at the training centre so they won' t be too expensive.

For those of you travelling from abroad I should also point out that the Society is not in a position to help with any charges for excess baggage. The standard allowance as you know is twenty kilos and if you have bought books, gifts or whatever to take home with you, any additional costs are your responsibility.

You will be pleased to learn that the fees for the Industrial Relations course have stayed the same as last year-so that's. Unfortunately, though, the fees for the Management Today course have not yet been finalized; they will vary from last year but you might like to know that they will be approximately somewhere in the region of ￡500. I'm sure it won't have escaped your attention that we failed to print the length of each course. The Industrial Relations course is a twelve-week course as is Management Today-both three months as usual.

The two charges listed under the Training Officers' course apply to members of the Society and these who axe eligible for awards or scholarships. The lower figure applies to overseas applicants who would be anable to attend our courses without these grants as it's important that we continue to attract participants from abroad.

And finally, the Training Officers' course lasts only ten weeks this year as it has been reduced in response to last year's suggestions for a slightly shorter courser

Thank you, I do hope that...

?You will hear the chairperson of the Technological Society making an announcement at the end of a meeting.

?As you listen, fill in the information for question 1 - 12, complete the notes using up to three words or a number.

?After you have listened once, replay the recording.

The Technological Society

International Department

Course dates, fees and other expenses

Location: 1______ Brimston Square

Fee includes: 2 ______

Extra costs: 3 ______

4 ______

Overseas participants many incur extra costs

For 5. ______

Industrial 6. ______course Management Today Course

Cost: 7. ______Cost: 8. ______

Length of courses: 9. ______

10. ______Officer's course

Cost: ￡1,160 for Society members

￡ 860 for 11. ______

Length of course 12. ______

听力原文：M: I have a special guest today, Shirley. Shirley, you truly have an amazing garden. Could you let us know how you put this together?

W: This spring I took a square-foot gardening class, and I decided to try soma of the things I've learned. Um, one of the most important things in square-foot gardening is that you choose a good location. You need at least 6 to 8 hours of direct sunshine, You also need to choose a location that has good drainage, and it should be a convenient location. A garden is a lot more fun if you are walking by and seeing it all the time. Um, you need to decide what kind of containers you want, or, in my case, I used wooden boxes.

M: Well, Shirley, I've noticed these vertical beams. I've never seen that before. Could you explain that to us a little bit?

W: Right here we have some cantaloupe, and cantaloupe take a lot of space when you grow them out on the ground, and I don't have that much space, so I just grow them up. I just made a metal frame, and took some string. I just allow them to grow up, and they will support themselves.

M: This is amazing. I noticed in this garden, there is a vast amount of vegetation,

W: Wall, over on the far end, I have tomatoes growing vertically. In front of those I have green peppers, basil, strawberries, beets, green beans, corn, carrots and so on. Right here, as I said before, I have cantaloupe. Down at the bottom, I have some Mexican tomatoes. And down at this end, I have eggplant, another kind of pepper called banana peppers, cucumbers, okra, pumpkins...and I think that's about it.

M: I'm so impressed. I'd like to thank you very much for having us in today to look at your garden.

(23)

A．By attending a class.

B．From her parents.

C．Through a gardening magazine.

D．From her neighbors.

听力原文：M: I have a special guest today, Shirley. Shirley, you truly have an amazing garden. Could you let us know how you put this together?

W: This spring I took a square-foot gardening class, and I decided to try some of the things I've learned. Um, one of the most important things in square-foot gardening is that you choose a good location. You need at least 6 to 8 hours of direct sunshine. You also need to choose a location that has good drainage, and it should be a convenient location. A garden is a lot more fun if you are walking by and seeing it all the time. Um, you need to decide what kind of containers you want, or, in my case, I used wooden boxes.

M: Well, Shirley, I've noticed these vertical beams. I've never seen that before. Could you explain that to us a little bit?

W: Right here we have some cantaloupe, and cantaloupe take a lot of space when you grow them out on the ground, and I don't have that much space, so I just grow them up. I just made a metal frame, and took some string. I just allow them to grow up, and they will support themselves.

M: This is amazing. I noticed in this garden, there is a vast amount of vegetation.

W: Well, over on the far end, I have tomatoes growing vertically. In front of those I have green peppers, basil, strawberries, beets, green beans, corn, carrots and so on. Right here, as I said before, I have cantaloupe. Down at the bottom, I have some Mexican tomatoes. And down at this end, I have eggplant, another kind of pepper called banana peppers, cucumbers, okra, pumpkins...and I think that's about it.

M: I'm so impressed. I'd tike to thank you very much for having us in today to look at your garden.

(23)

A．By attending a class.

B．From her parents.

C．Through a gardening magazine.

D．From her neighbors.

听力原文：M: I have a special guest today, Shirley. Shirley, you truly have an amazing garden. Could you let us know how you put this together?

W: This spring I took a square-foot gardening class, and I decided to try some of the things I've learned. Um, one of the most important things in square-foot gardening is that you choose a good location. You need at least 6 to 8 hours of direct sunshine. You also need to choose a location that has good drainage, and it should be a convenient location. A garden is a lot more fun if you are walking by and seeing it all the time. Um, you need to decide what kind of containers you want, or, in my case, I used wooden boxes.

M: Well, Shirley, I've noticed these vertical beams. I've never seen that before. Could you explain that to us a little bit?

W: Right here we have some cantaloupe, and cantaloupe take a lot of space when you grow them out on the ground, and I don't have that much space, so I just grow them up. I just made a metal frame, and took some string. I just allow them to grow up, and they will support themselves.

M: This is amazing. I noticed in this garden, there is a vast amount of vegetation.

W: Well, over on the far end, I have tomatoes growing vertically. In front of those I have green peppers, basil, strawberries, beets, green beans, corn, carrots and so on. Right here, as I said before, I have cantaloupe. Down at the bottom, I have some Mexican tomatoes. And down at this end, I have eggplant, another kind of pepper called banana peppers, cucumbers, okra, pumpkins...and I think that's about it.

M: I'm so impressed. I'd tike to thank you very much for having us in today to look at your garden.

(23)

A．By attending a class.

B．From her parents.

C．Through a gardening magazine.

D．From her neighbors.

Section B

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.

What does it mean to say that we live in a world of persuasion'? It means that we live among competing interests. Your roommate's need to study for an exam may take priority over pizza. Your instructor may have good reasons not to change your grade. And the object of your romantic interest may, alas, have other options.

In such a world, persuasion is the art of' getting others to give fair and favorable consideration to our point of view. When we persuade, we want to influence how others believe and behave. We may not always prevail--other points of view may be more persuasive, depending on the listener, the situation, and the merits of the case. But when we practice the art of persuasion, we try to ensure that our position receives the attention it deserves.

Some people, however, object to the very idea of persuasion. They may regard it as an unwelcome intrusion into their lives or as a manipulation or domination. In contrast, we believe that persuasion is inevitable--to live is to persuade. Persuasion may be ethical or unethical, selfless or selfish, inspiring or degrading. Persuaders may enlighten our minds or prey on our vulnerability. Ethical persuasion, however, calls on sound reasoning and is sensitive to the feelings and needs of listeners. Such persuasion can help us apply the wisdom of the past to the decisions we now must make. Therefore, an essential part of education is learning to resist the one kind of persuasion and to encourage and practice the other.

Beyond its personal importance to us, persuasion is essential to society. The right to persuade and be persuaded is the bedrock (基础) of the American political system, guaranteed by the First Amendment to the Constitution.

What is the main idea of this passage?

A．Persuasion is very important in our daily communication.

B．We live among competing interests.

C．Persuasion is both good and bad, and it is all around us.

D．Persuasion is essential to society and is built into American government.

听力原文：W: I'm worried about you. You look so pale. Do you have a headache? You need to take some medicine.

M: A good rest will be more helpful. I was really exhausted at the wedding party last night. I'm sorry that we have to stay in the hotel, because this is the fast day of the honeymoon.

Q: What's the relationship between the man and the woman?

(18)

A．Doctor and patient.

B．Friends.

C．Husband and wife.

D．Boyfriend and girlfriend.