Two key factors, ____ and ____, have sparked much of the technological change affecting supply chains.

Over the past several decades, the U. S. , and Canada and Europe have received a great deal of media and even research attention over unusual phenomena and unsolved mysteries. These includes UFOs as well as sightings and encounters with "nonhuman creatures" such as Bigfoot and the Loch Ness monster. Only recently has Latin America begun to receive such attention as well. Although the mysteries of the Aztec, Mayan, and Inca civilizations have been known for centuries, now the public is also becoming aware of unusual, paranormal phenomena in countries in Peru.

The Nazca "lines" of Peru were discovered in 1930s. These lines are deeply carved into a flat, stony plain, and from about 300 intricate pictures of animals such as birds, a monkey, and a lizard. Seen at ground level, the designs are a jumbled senseless mess. The images are so large that they can only be viewed as a height of 1,000 feet—meaning from an aircraft. Yet there were no aircraft in 300 B. C. , when it is judged the designs were made. Nor were there then, or are there now, any nearby mountain ranges from which to view them. So how and why the native people of Nazca create these marvelous designs? One answer appeared in 1969, when the German researcher and writer Erich von Daniken proposed that the lines were drawn by extraterrestrials as runways for their aircraft. The scientist community did not take long to scoff at and abandon von Daniken's theory. Over the years several other theories have been put forth, but none has been accepted by the scientific community.

Today there is a new and heightened interest in the Nazca lines. It is a direct result of the creation of the Internet. Currently there are over 60 sites dedicated to this mystery from Latin America's past, and even respected scientists have joined the discussion through e-mail and chat rooms.

Will the Internet help explain these unsolved mysteries? Perhaps it is a step in the right direction.

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

A．Latin America has long received attention for unusual phenomena.

B．Public attention is now directed towards countries like Peru.

C．Public interest usually focuses on North America and Europe.

D．Some ancient civilizations have unsolved mysteries.

Over the past several decades, the U. S. , and Canada and Europe have received a great deal of media and even research attention over unusual phenomena and unsolved mysteries. These includes UFOs as well as sightings and encounters with "nonhuman creatures" such as Bigfoot and the Loch Ness monster. Only recently has Latin America begun to receive such attention as well. Although the mysteries of the Aztec, Mayan, and Inca civilizations have been known for centuries, now the public is also becoming aware of unusual, paranormal phenomena in countries in Peru.

The Nazca "lines" of Peru were discovered in 1930s. These lines are deeply carved into a flat, stony plain, and from about 300 intricate pictures of animals such as birds, a monkey, and a lizard. Seen at ground level, the designs are a jumbled senseless mess. The images are so large that they can only be viewed as a height of 1,000 feet—meaning from an aircraft. Yet there were no aircraft in 300 B. C. , when it is judged the designs were made. Nor were there then, or are there now, any nearby mountain ranges from which to view them. So how and why the native people of Nazca create these marvelous designs? One answer appeared in 1969, when the German researcher and writer Erich von Daniken proposed that the lines were drawn by extraterrestrials as runways for their aircraft. The scientist community did not take long to scoff at and abandon von Daniken's theory. Over the years several other theories have been put forth, but none has been accepted by the scientific community.

Today there is a new and heightened interest in the Nazca lines. It is a direct result of the creation of the Internet. Currently there are over 60 sites dedicated to this mystery from Latin America's past, and even respected scientists have joined the discussion through e-mail and chat rooms.

Will the Internet help explain these unsolved mysteries? Perhaps it is a step in the right direction.

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

A．Latin America has long received attention for unusual phenomena.

B．Public attention is now directed towards countries like Peru.

C．Public interest usually focuses on North America and Europe.

D．Some ancient civilizations have unsolved mysteries.

How does water scarcity affect people? First of all, it【B1】their health. It is not that they will die of thirst; rather, the poor quality of the water【B2】for cooking and drinking may make them ill.

【B3】our bodies require water to treat waste products, plentiful water is required for proper sanitation(卫生)—water that for much of mankind is simply not available.【B4】people without adequate sanitation rose from 2.6 billion in 1990 to 2.9 billion in 1999. And sanitation is literally a matter of life and death. In a【B5】statement, United Nations officials warned:

"When children lack water that is fit for drinking and sanitation, virtually every aspect of their health and development is【B6】".

Food production is dependent on water. Many crops, of course, are watered by rain, but in recent times irrigation has become the key【B7】the world's booming population. Today percent of the world's harvest depends on irrigation.

If plentiful water flows out of every tap in our home and if we have a clean toilet(抽水马桶) that conveniently washes out waste, it may be【B8】to believe that the world is running out of an adequate supply of water. We should remember, however, that only 20 percent of mankind enjoy such【B9】.In Africa many women spend as much as six hours a day【B10】water.

【B1】

A．hurts

B．harms

C．injures

D．destroys

The authors identified several key factors: More women in top positions broadened the talent pool and potentially paved the way for a more talented board; gender diversity allowed for a diversity of views, leading to greater discussion; and gender diversity could lead to potentially more conflict between board members, less trust, and hence increased scrutiny and less fraud, they said. Securities fraud is a white-collar crime in which a person or company misrepresents informa tion that investors use to make decisions. The three major types of securities fraud identified by the study in China were the postponement of disclosures, major failures to disclose information, and false statements. The study aligns with findings elsewhere in the world, and led the scholars to conclude that the presence of more women improves corporate governance, "implying that regulators and policymakers should consider the worldwide call for more gender-diverse boards."

For more than a mile， the desert in southern Peru has a curious ruler－straight and tacksharp design made by rocks ． The wandering mule paths that cross it only emphasize its precision． Throughout hundreds of square miles of arid plateau， other such markings around， most of them concentrated between the towns of Nazca and Palpa． Known as the Nazca Lines， they form a geometric mélange of quardrangles， triangles， and trapezoids ． The markings also form spirals and flowers， narrow lines that extend more than five miles， and a desert zoo of giant creatures － birds ， reptiles ， whales， a monkey， and a spider－ all made by stones whose patterns can only be seen from the air． Because some of the figures resemble the ones that decorate Nazca pottery， archaeologistsattribute the lines to the Nazcas， a coastal people whose culture rose， flourished， and declined between 100 B． C． and A． D． 700． Making the patterns must have been extremely time－consuming． The Nazcas must have cleared millions of rocks to expose the lighter ground beneath them，piled the rocks in rows，and created designs that， in this nearly rainless region， can last thousands of years． But why did they construct them? Nobody really knows． There have been many guesses． Some say that they were prehistoric roads，or farms．Others say they were signals or offerings to celestial beings． It has also been suggested that they constitute a giant astronomical calendar， an almanac for farmers who wished to predict the return of water to valley streams． One study did ascertain that some of the lines point to solstice positions of the sun and moon in ancient times， as well as to the rising and setting points on the horizon of some of the bright stars． But none of the theories have proven to be correct． And so the mystery remains， including the most tantalizing question of all： why did the Nazcas create immense designs that they themselves could never see ， designs that people nowadays can only see from the air? One person who worked to find out the answer was Maria Reiche． For over forty years she photographed and charted “las lineas”， striving to complete a map of the hundreds of designs and figures of this area， which is some thirty miles long and threaded by the Pan American highway． This determined German － born mathematician slept on a camp cot behind her car on the rocky， grassless Peruvian “pampa”， and even when she was elderly， got up before daylight to conduct her research． She scorned the suggestion that the markings may have been airfields for outer － space visitors to earth during prehistoric times． “Once you remove the stones， the ground is quite soft，” she said． “I’m afraid the spacemen would have gotten stuck．” Although Maria Reiche was not able to find the answer ， she crusaded to preserve the patterns so that others following her might have a chance to do so． Questions 1 to 5 Answer the following questions with the information given in the passage in a maximum of fifteen words for each question． 1． Why do people name the patterns the Nazca Lines?2． Are there any definite reasons for the construction of Nazca Lines? If not， what does the author offer?3． Could those who built the Nazca Lines see the patterns? If not， how can people now see them? 4． Did Maria Reiche believe the Nazca Lines have something to do with outer－space visitors? What was her reason? 5． What’s Reiche’s contribution about the mystery of the Nazca Lines even though she had not solved it herself?