The English word that comes from the Greek word for "one who manages a household" is

The word "university" comes from the Latin word "universitas", meaning "the whole". The modern definition of a university is an institution that teaches and examines students in many branches of advanced learning, awarding degrees and providing facilities for academic research. The origins of universities can be traced back to the Middle Ages, with the earliest European centers at Bologna, Italy, for law, founded in 1088. The first universities in England were established at Oxford in 1185 and at Cambridge in 1209. By comparison, the oldest universities in the U.S.A. are at Harvard, founded in 1636, and Yale, established in 1701. The English university in London was not founded until 1836. However, it was in the 1960s that the largest single expansion of higher education took place in Britain. One of the largest university developments was the foundation of the Open University in 1969. It is a nonresidential university which provides for life- long education of various backgrounds with part-time degree and other courses. It uses a combination of correspondence courses, television, radio broadcasts and the Internet, and summer schools for organization on a regional basis.

The word "university" comes from the Latin word "universitas", meaning "the whole". The modern definition of a university is an institution that teaches and examines students in many branches of advanced learning, awarding degrees and providing facilities for academic research. The origins of universities can be traced back to the Middle Ages, with the earliest European centers at Bologna, Italy, for law, founded in 1088. The first universities in England were established at Oxford in 1185 and at Cambridge in 1209. By comparison, the oldest universities in the U.S.A. are at Harvard, founded in 1636, and Yale, established in 1701. The English university in London was not founded until 1836. However, it was in the 1960s that the largest single expansion of higher education took place in Britain. One of the largest university developments was the foundation of the Open University in 1969. It is a nonresidential university which provides for life- long education of various backgrounds with part-time degree and other courses. It uses a combination of correspondence courses, television, radio broadcasts and the Internet, and summer schools for organization on a regional basis.

The word "university" comes from the Latin word "universitas", meaning "the whole". The modern definition of a university is an institution that teaches and examines students in many branches of advanced learning, awarding degrees and providing facilities for academic research. The origins of universities can be traced back to the Middle Ages, with the earliest European centers at Bologna, Italy, for law, founded in 1088. The first universities in England were established at Oxford in 1185 and at Cambridge in 1209. By comparison, the oldest universities in the U.S.A. are at Harvard, founded in 1636, and Yale, established in 1701. The English university in London was not founded until 1836. However, it was in the 1960s that the largest single expansion of higher education took place in Britain. One of the largest university developments was the foundation of the Open University in 1969. It is a nonresidential university which provides for life- long education of various backgrounds with part-time degree and other courses. It uses a combination of correspondence courses, television, radio broadcasts and the Internet, and summer schools for organization on a regional basis.

The English word "veto" means "I will not permit". It is a way for one member of a group or government to 【C1】______ action by other members.

For example, the United Nations Security Council 【C2】______ five permanent members, the United States, China, Britain, France and Russia. 【C3】______ can use the veto to block action by the whole group. Britain and France did this in 1956. They vetoed a resolution 【C4】______ Israel to withdraw its forces from Egyptian territory.

The most 【C5】______ use of the veto is by an executive over the legislative in a government with a president. The United States Constitution 【C6】______ such a veto. The 【C7】______ also says a president's veto can be changed by a second vote of Congress. This is called overriding the president's veto. For a bill to become law, 【C8】______ of the members of both houses of Congress 【C9】______vote to override the president's veto. Throughout American history, presidents 【C10】______ more than 2 500 congressional bills. Congress has been able to override the president's veto 【C11】______ 104 times. Presidents in the late 1800s and early 1700s did not use the veto frequently.

In the 1940s,President Franklin Roosevelt vetoed more than 600 bills. But he was president for 12 years, much longer than anyone else. More recently, President Ronald Reagan vetoed 【C12】______ in his eight years in office. And George Bush vetoed 44 bills in four years.

Today, Congress is approving bills designed to 【C13】______ the size and cost of the federal government. President Clinton does not 【C14】______ all the congressional plans. He has different ideas about 【C15】______ parts of government should be cut and by how much. He already vetoed at least one of these bills.

【C1】______

A．accept

B．block

C．promote

D．challenge

Geography is the study of the relationship between people and the land. Geographers(地理学家) compare and contrast (51)places on the earth. But they also (52) beyond the individual places and consider the earth as a (53). The word geography comes from two Greek words, ge , the Greek word for "earth" and graphein, (54) "to write". The English word geography means "to describe the earth".(55)geography books focus on a small area like a town or city. Others deal with a state, a region, a nation, or an(56)continent. Many geography books deal with the whole earth. Another (57)to divide the study of (58)is to distinguish between physical geography and cultural geography. The former focuses on the natural world; the(59) starts with human beings and studies how human beings and their environment act (60)each other. But when geography is considered as a single subject, (61)branch can neglect the other.

A geographer might be described (62)one who observes, records, and explains the(63)between places. If places were alike, there would be little need for geographers.

We know, however,(64)no two places are exactly the same. Geography, then is a point of view, a special way of(65)at places.

A．similar

B．various

C．distant

D．famous

Auctions(拍卖)are public sales of goods, conducted by an officially approved auctioneer (拍卖人).He asked the crowd to gather in the auction room to bid (出价)for various items on sale. He encourages buyers to bid higher figures, and finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods. This is called"knocking down" the goods, for the bidding ends when the auctioneer bangs a small hammer on a raised platform.

The ancient Romans probably invented sales by auction, and the English word comes from the Latin" anctic" meaning"increase". The Romans usually sold in this way the spoils taken in war, these sales were called" sub hasta" , meaning" under the spear" , a spear being stuck in the ground as a signal for a crowd to gather.

In England in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries goods were often sold" by the candle" ; a short candle was lit by the auctioneer, and bids could be made while it , was burning.

Practically all goods can be sold by auction. Among these are coffee, skins, wool, tea, cocoa, furs, fruit, vegetables and wines. Action sales are also usual for land and property, antique furniture, pictures, rare books, old china, and works of art.

An auction is usually advertised before hand with full particulars of the articles to be sold and where and when they can be viewed by the buyers. If the advertisement cannot give full details, catalogues are printed, and each group of goods to be sold together, called a"lot"(件，组) , is usually given a number. The auctioneer need, not begin with Lot One and continue the numerical order; he may wait until he notices the fact that certain buyers are in the room and then produce the lots they are likely to be interested in.

Auctioned goods are sold______.

A．for the highest price offered

B．at fixed prices

C．at prices lower than their true value

D．at prices offered by the auctioneer