2.The Chinese Four Great Inventions as well as the skills of and silk spinning were transmitted to the West.

听力原文： Ireland's smoking ban came in at the end of March this year and its impact is being demonstrated. Figures from Gallaher, the manufacturer of big, well known brands, and which holds a fifty percent market share in Ireland, show it sold two hundred and sixty million fewer cigarettes between January and June. Total sales in the country shrank by around seven and a half percent. The company blames duty increases as well as the effect of the soling ban. The Irish health minister Michael Martin welcomed the drop in sales, saying that the less people smoke, the better it is for the nation's health. He hopes that the ban will encourage more smokers to either give up, or to smoke less. A possible downside, though, for the Irish government is that tax revenue from tobacco sales is predicted to fall by almost one hundred million dollars this year.

Drop in cigarette sales in Ireland is due to the following factors EXCEPT______.

A．fewer smokers

B．tax increases

C．smoking ban

D．tobacco companies

Section B

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.

Attitudes differed to small errors of grammar and usage, or inappropriateness of vocabulary and idiom, with the native-speakers finding such errors a little irksome (令人厌烦的), though sometimes a musing, while the Chinese panel members paid hardly any attention to such errors as, for example, misuse of phrasal verbs and similar usages: "When I saw the job description, I decided to apply the position." "I expect to find out a lot of challenge in the job." "l can deal the emergency situations efficiently.''

Errors of idiom or appropriateness caused more comment, during the post interview discussion, from the native-speakers than from the Chinese panel members, on whom the errors were sometimes lost. For example, one candidate, when asked what salary he expected, replied: "I don't care about it." The message was clear enough, namely that he was primarily interested in the job, but the formulation of the message was not quite right. Even such ribticklers (笑话) as "I am a well-planned person" and "I would like to expose myself in another field'; (both actually heard at interviews) tended to cause lipbiting among the expatriate rather than the Chinese interviewers.

Panels with two Chinese and one expatriate used to be more common, but are becoming less common. The reason is that with more of the interview now being conducted in Chinese, the non-Chinese speaker does not know what has already been asked and is liable to repeat in English questions that have already been covered in Chinese. This caused, naturally enough, confusion in the interviewee and can adversely affect the whole interview.

The sensible procedure would seem to be to open the interview in the mother tongue of the candidates, to put them at their ease, then at a later stage turn to English, to test English proficiency. In practice, however, possibly because of the problem mentioned in the previous paragraph when tile panel contains a foreigner, it is often the reverse, with a few, fairly standard, opening questions in English, and if these are successfully answered, then the job interview properly gets underway in Cantonese. One of the worst interview scenariost (方案) is when a foreigner who thinks she/he can speak Cantonese (but does so, in fact, badly) decides to question the interviewee in Cantonese. In other circum stances of a social nature the interviewee would no doubt politely compliment the foreigner on his or her good Cantonese, but in the seriousness of a job interview situation, the Chinese is confused and slightly embarrassed for the foreigner. These forays(初步尝试) into Chinese usually end pretty quickly with one of the Chinese members of the panel rescuing the foreigner and continuing the interview in English.

The word "adversely'" in the last sentence of the third paragraph is closest in meaning to ______.

A．positively

B．negatively

C．hard

D．slightly

根据材料请回答 36～40 题

The Mysterious Brain

When you refer to your brain, you should probably say "brains".Most modern scien-tists studying the brain have con.eluded that there are three major parts of our brain,-that each is separate from the others, and that each has its own function and different proces-ses.

Brain 1 includes the spinal cord(髓脑), which sits directly on the top of the cord, and the middle section of the brain.It includes the controls for involuntary functions like breathing and digestion. Brain 2 is an area surrounding Brain 1.In this second brain are the various glands(腺)located in the brain, such as the pituitary(垂体)and amygdala(扁桃体). Scientists studying Brain 2 are convinced that human emotions such as excitement, fear, and love are centered here, as well as the senses of taste and smell.Memory and learning are also controlled by Brain 2.Brain 3 is the neo-cortex(新大脑皮层), the thick covering that surrounds the top and side portions of the brain.This is the "gray matter" we often think of when we speak of the brain.Only the higher orders of animals have Brain 3, and none is as highly developed as the human neo-cortex.Brain 3 sends:informa-tion from the other two brains to the body and receives data from the body.It is Brain 3that makes us fully human.Brain 3 allows us to stand erect(直立), to see, to speak, to write, to use symbols and tools, and to remember.Brain 3 also acts as a unifying control of the other two brains.As scientists continue to study the brain, they discover specific

areas that control particular functions of the body and particular emotions.

第 36 题 This passage is mainly about__________.

A．the functions of the three sections of the brain

B．the human brain

C．complexity of the human brain

D．the areas that control different kinds of behavior

根据下面内容，回答下列各题。 The increase in the margin rate (保证金率)from 50% to 70% was not an attempt to stem any rampant (猛烈的)speculation on the part of the public-actually the market seemed technically quite strong, with public participation essentially dignified-but rather an attempt by the Federal Reserve Board to preserve the sound underpinnings that existed in the market. Naturally, such a move had a____36____chilling effect upon prices but if the FRB had been preoccupied with undue speculation, the increase might have been to the 80% or even 90% level. Such increases in the margin rate is a____37____of a strong stock market and since 1989, such increases have resulted in interim market highs over twelve months later. Obviously, there could be no____38____that this would once again be the case, but if history is any guideline-and if business and corporate earnings were to continue on the same course-continued optimism over the outlook for the stock market would seem more____39____than pessimism. The margin increase ____40____the good rise that stocks had enjoyed for the previous year-and the fact that a 50% rate was maintained as long as it was pointed up the fact that the rise was mainly conservative in that it was concentrated in the blue chips for the most part. In past Investment Letters we have____41____the thought that speciality stocks could outperform. the general market from this point. We continue to believe that this could be the case. For example, steel stocks tend to sell at a certain fixed price/earnings ratio. Below a certain ratio they are considered good value-above a certain ratio,____42____. If a company produces a unique product, it is far more difficult for market analysis to place a numerical ratio upon the companys earnings. We have also contended in the past Letters that the stock market reflects mass psychology as well as the business outlook. When investors-both the public and the institutions-are nervous and____43____they definitely hesitate to buy stocks: they seek low price/earnings multiples and high____44____. These same investors-when they are in an optimistic frame. of mind--become far less____45____ with yields and more willing to pay a premium( high p/e multiples)for accelerated growth. If the publics attitude towards the auto industry is any measure, then this period seems to have been one of optimism.

A.confirmation

B.guarantee

C.intelligible

D.invariably

E.momentarily

F.overpriced

G.pessimistic

H.preoccupied

prudent

representation

speculate

underscored

vicinity

voiced

yields 第36题答案为（ ）