Blockhouses, garrison towns, passes built at strategic points, and beacon towers are mentioned to show the magnificence and variety of the Great Wall.

Since those major powers are shifting their strategic focus to Africa, African countries are presented with historical opportunities while at the same time they will also ______.

The problems themselves are still not truly strategic because the operation of the global environment is not affected and the survival of civilization is not at stake.

A．at risk

B．at issue

C．pent up

D．adhere to

Part A

Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)

A tiny but powerful new lightweight drill has been developed by space scientists and engineers. It expands the fields in which drilling has been difficult in the past. The new drill could be used in the drilling required during surgical or diagnostic procedures involving bones, or when extracting heart pacemaker leads. Future space missions could include drilling for rock and soil samples, using only lightweight landing vehicles with robotic arms.

The color photo shows the new driller penetrating a sandstone while the drill is held only from its power cord. Relatively small vertical force is used in this application—a factor that will be useful when the drill is used in future space missions and weight needs to be kept to a minimum. The drill is driven by piezoelectric devices, which have only two moving parts but no gears or motors. Piezoelectrics are materials that change their shape under the application of an electrical field. The drill can be adapted easily to operations in a range of temperatures from extremely cold to very hot. Unlike conventional rotary drills, the drill can drill even the hardest rocks without significant weight on the drilling bit.

"The drill is a device that offers exciting new capabilities for space exploration in future NASA missions," said Dr. Yoseph Bar-Cohen, who leads NASA's Jet Propulsion laboratory's Nondestructive Evaluation and Advanced Actuator Technologies unit. "Besides the immediate benefits of the technology to NASA, it is paving the way for other unique mechanisms that are being developed in our laboratory and elsewhere," he said.

The demonstration unit pictured in the color photograph weighs about 0.7 kilograms, which is sufficient to drill 12 millimeter diameter holes in rocks using less than 10 watts of power. Comparable rotary drills usually require the application of 20 to 30 times greater pushing force and more than three times the power.

Other advantages to the drill are no drill noise and no drill movement across the surface on start-up. The drill body will not rotate, the speed does not decrease with time and the bit does not require sharpening. The bit can be guided by hand safely during operation. The drill can drill holes in different cross-sections, such as square and round.

Said Dr. Yoseph Bar-Cohen, "Thanks to the development of technology associated with this drill, new devices can be made to be small and lightweight, to consume little power and to exhibit a high standard of reliability."

At first, the new lightweight drill has been invented to

A．be used in space missions.

B．pull out the heart pacemaker leads.

C．replace the conventional rotary drill.

D．drill the bones during procedures of medical treatment.

The Gulf of Guinea is strategically important to the United States because ______.

A．roughly 15% of oil production of West Africa is supplied to the United States

B．West African reserves are forecast to reach the Persian Gulf size

C．its oil can help lessen U.S. dependence on Middle Eastern oil

D．its waters border Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea and Nigeria

The Gulf of Guinea is strategically important to the United States because ______.

A．roughly 15% of oil production of West Africa is supplied to the United States

B．West African reserves are forecast to reach the Persian Gulf size

C．its oil can help lessen U.S. dependence on Middle Eastern oil

D．its waters border Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea and Nigeria

The Gulf of Guinea is strategically important to the United States because ______.

A．roughly 15% of oil production of West Africa is supplied to the United States

B．West African reserves are forecast to reach the Persian Gulf size

C．its oil can help lessen U.S. dependence on Middle Eastern oil

D．its waters border Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea and Nigeria

The region should adopt new strategic concepts in a move to ( ) this traditional heavy industrial base of the country.要振兴我国东北这一传统的重工业基地，当地应树立新的战略观念。

A、revelation

B、reveal

C、revitalize

D、realize

For a supply chain to realize the maximum strategic benefit logistics，the full range of functional works must be( )．

A．managed

B．integrated

C．transported

D．supplied

For a supply chain to realize the maximum strategic benefit logistics，the full range of functional works must be( )．

A．managed

B．integrated

C．transported

D．supplied