12. Chinese people send cheap gifts, since to some extent in China the value of the gifts does’t show the deepness of love or gratitude.

According to the Quality Inspection Certificate, the appearance and the quality of the goods do not conform to the stipulations of the contract. We will refuse to accept the inferior goods unless you can reduce your price 15%.

What profits do you obtain if the Glux air conditioners are installed in your offices?

The staff efficiency will ______.

According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?

A．The Chinese people have to pay tips in western countries.

B．The Westerners don't have to pay high tips in their own country.

C．Barbers, hotel bellboys and all sorts of other people can earn a living if they are not tipped.

D．Tipping varies from place to place, generally in the area of 20% of your bill.

According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?

A．The Chinese people have to pay tips in western countries.

B．The westerners don' t have to pay high tips in their own country.

C．Barbers, hotel bellboys and all sorts of other people can earn a living if they are not tipped.

D．Tipping varies from place to place, generally in the area of 20% of your bill.

The writer mentions three factors which lead him to doubt the value of the WZCS document except ______.

A．the number of unregistered zoos in the world

B．the lack of money in developing countries

C．the failure of the WZCS to examine the standards of the "core zoos"

D．the unrealistic aim of the WZCS in view of the number of species "saved" to date

All education springs from some image of the future. (1) If the image of the future held by a society is grossly inaccurate, its education system will betray its youth.

Imagine an Indian tribe which for centuries has sailed its dugouts on the river at its doorstep. During all this time the economy and culture of the tribe have depended upon fishing, preparing and cooking the products of the river, growing food in soil fertilized by the river, building boats and appropriate tools. (2) So long as the rate of technological change in such a community stays slow, so long as no wars, invasions, epidemics or other natural disasters upset the even rhythm of life, it is simple for the tribe to formulate a workable image of its own future, since tomorrow merely repeats yesterday.

It is from this image that education flows. Schools may not even exist in the tribe; yet there is a curriculum—a cluster of skills, values and rituals to be learned. Boys are taught to scrape bark and hollow out trees just as their ancestors did before them. The teacher in such a system knows what he is doing, secure in the knowledge that tradition—the past—will work in the future.

(3) What happens to such a tribe, however, when it pursues its traditional methods unaware that five hundred miles upstream men are constructing a gigantic dam that will dry up their branch of the river? Suddenly the tribe's image of the future, the set of assumptions on which its members base their present behavior, becomes dangerously misleading. Tomorrow will not replicate today. The tribal investment in preparing its children to live in a river culture becomes a pointless and potentially tragic waste. A false image of the future destroys the relevance of the education effort.

This is our situation today—only it is we, ironically, not some distant strangers—who are building the dam that will annihilate the culture of the present. (4) Never before has any culture subjected itself to so intense and prolonged a bombardment of technological, social, and info-psychological change. (5) This change is accelerating and we witness everywhere in the high-technology societies evidence that the old industrial-era structures can no longer carry out their functions.

All education springs from some image of the future. (46)If the image of the future held by a society is grossly inaccurate, its education system will betray its youth. Imagine an Indian tribe which for centuries has sailed its dugouts on the river at its doorstep. During all this time the economy and culture of the tribe have depended upon fishing, preparing and cooking the products of the river, growing food in soil fertilized by the river, building boats and appropriate tools. (47)So long as the rate of technological change in such a community stays slow, so long as no wars, invasions, epidemics or other natural disasters upset the even rhythm of life, it is simple for the tribe to formulate a workable image of its own future, since tomorrow merely repeats yesterday. It is from this image that education flows. Schools may not even exist in the tribe; yet there is a curriculum—a cluster of skills, values and rituals to be learned. Boys are taught to scrape bark and hollow out trees, just as their ancestors did before them. The teacher in such a system knows what he is doing, secure in the knowledge that tradition of the past—will work in the future. (48)What happens to such a tribe, however, when it pursues its traditional methods unaware that five hundred miles upstream men are constructing a gigantic dam that will dry up their branch of the river? Suddenly the tribes image of the future, the set of assumptions on which its members base their present behavior, becomes dangerously misleading. Tomorrow will not replicate today. The tribal investment in preparing its children to live in a river culture becomes a pointless and potentially tragic waste. A false image of the future destroys the relevance of the education effort. This is our situation today. Only it is we, ironically, not some distant strangers who are building the dam that will annihilate the culture of the present. (49)Never before has any culture subjected itself to so intense and prolonged a bombardment of technological, social, and info psychological change. (50)This change is accelerating and we witness everywhere in the high: technology societies evidence that the old industrial-era structures can no longer carry out their functions.

Which of the following sentences does NOT include an appositive(clause)?

A．We ourselves wanted to see such a result.

B．All people, old and young, strong and weak, have rooted their hope in American dream.

C．The fact that religion has played a very important part in the development of science is often forgotten.

D．We are going to hold a meeting in Nanjing tomorrow night.

Not too many decades ago it seemed "obvious" both to the general public and to sociologists that modern society has changed people's natural relations, loosened their responsibilities to kin (亲戚) and neighbors, and substituted in their place superficial relationships with passing acquaintances. However, in recent years a growing body of research has revealed that the "obviousness" is not tree. It seems that if you are a city resident, you typically know a smaller proportion of your neighbors than you do if you are a resident of a smaller community. But, for the most part, this fact has few significant consequences. It does not necessarily follow that if you know few of your neighbors you will know no one else.

Even in very large cities, people maintain close social ties within small, private social worlds. Indeed, the number and quality of meaningful relationships do not differ between more and less urban people. Small-town residents are more involved with kin than big-city residents. Yet city dwellers compensate by developing friendships with people who share similar interests and activities. Urbanism may produce a different style. of life, but the quality of life does not differ between town and city. Nor are residents of large communities any likelier to display psychological symptoms of stress or alienation, a feeling of not belonging, than are residents of smaller communities. However, city dwellers do worry more about crime, and this leads them to a distrust of strangers.

These findings do not imply that urbanism makes little or no difference. If neighbors are strangers to one another, they are less likely to sweep the sidewalk of an elderly couple living next door or keep an eye out for young troublemakers. Moreover, as Wirth suggested, there may be a link between a community's population size and its social heterogeneity (多样性). For instance, sociologists have found that the size of a community is associated with bad behavior. including gambling, drugs, etc. Large-city urbanites are also more likely than their small-town counterparts to have a cosmopolitan (见多识广者的) outlook, to display less responsibility to traditional kinship roles, to vote for leftist political candidates, and to be tolerant of nontraditional religious groups, unpopular political groups, and so-called undesirables. Everything considered, heterogeneity and unusual behavior. seem to be outcomes of large population size.

Which of the following statements best describes the organization of the first paragraph?

A．Two contrasting views are presented.

B．An argument is examined and possible solutions given.

C．Research results concerning the quality of urban life are presented in order of time.

D．A detailed description of the difference between urban and small-town life is given.