Culture is isolated and separated into different parts.

The key to doing this is to ______ between needs and wants.

A.allocate

B.differentiate

C.overspend

D.overindulge

Much has been written about the potential for management to become isolated from customers and employees. This phenomenon often occurs not just within top management, but also within middle management.

I've seen this isolation phenomenon in many companies. The symptoms are quite apparent: Managers spend a great deal of time talking to themselves and studying operating numbers. They spend precious little time with customers or with employees, trying to understand the system of the business. And when they do spend time with them, they often do not probe deeply into needs, concerns, and opportunities. This phenomenon, often referred to as being" internally focused," can be tremendously insidious.

Although the need for understanding and spending time with customers has been well documented, I find few managers spending time in the field. The benefits of doing so are clear. A visit with your counterparts at customers' distribution centers, for example, not only builds relationships that can prove useful when problems arise, but also uncovers numerous opportunities to enhance your performance and deepen your company's linkage with those customers.

There are many ways to connect with and understand employee perspectives. Some companies have found formal sessions in which senior managers solicit ideas from employees to be very useful. These can be run either as focus groups or as structured discussions.

Managers also should exploit every opportunity to gather organizational knowledge from employees. Some successful managers collect employees' opinions by what often is referred to as" managing by walking around" or the" 10-minute cup of coffee. "They may, for example, go to employees' offices and solicit, their opinions. Or at lunch or when they take a cup of coffee, they" mix with the troops" and solicit their input.

Rather than talk about the latest game, you can solicit employees' ideas by asking questions like: What are you working on? How's it going? What's good about our organization? What could be better? How could we better serve our customers or improve our processes? What do you think we Should be doing differently?

You'll be surprised at how valuable a" 10-minute cup of coffee" together with a brief conversation with an employee can be. It will make you a more effective manager.

What is the common problem in management?

A．Infrequent contact with customers and employees.

B．Managers spend little time on study.

C．Managers do not know their employees well.

D．Managers lack of experience.

In what way is a bank credit card different from a store credit account?

A．It can be presented at any place.

B．The holder can use it at his bank only.

C．It is not used at a shop only, but at almost all kinds of business where there is a bank card sign.

D．It can be used only at the bank where the card is issued.

听力原文： New research into global warming published in the journal Science says the northern hemisphere is uniformly warmer now than at any time in the past 1,200 years. It says the present warm period in northern regions is the longest and most widespread temperature anomaly since the 9th century. Researchers have said in the past that the 20th century warming was unprecedented over the past thousand years, at least in the northern hemisphere. But critics disputed the claim, citing periods of extreme warm in certain regions during the Middle Ages, The new study sets out to tackle that criticism head on. Looking at the regional patterns of temperature for the past millennium, it finds while there have been patchy periods of warmth in the past, only in the late 20th century are regions across the hemisphere heating up simultaneously. The analysis is also statistically simpler than previous studies, avoiding the charge that mathematical quirks have generated a false picture of the climate.

In order to avoid certain charge, the analysis involves ______.

A．cautious predictions.

B．impartial judgment.

C．careful calculation.

D．simple statistics.

听力原文： New research into global warming published in the journal Science says the northern hemisphere is uniformly warmer now than at any time in the past 1,200 years. It says the present warm period in northern regions is the longest and most widespread temperature anomaly since the 9th century. Researchers have said in the past that the 20th century warming was unprecedented over the past thousand years, at least in the northern hemisphere. But critics disputed the claim, citing periods of extreme warm in certain regions during the Middle Ages. The new study sets out to tackle that criticism head on. Looking at the regional patterns of temperature for the past millennium, it finds while there have been patchy periods of warmth in the past, only in the late 20th century are regions across the hemisphere beating up simultaneously. (10) The analysis is also statistically simpler than previous studies, avoiding the charge that mathematical quirks have generated a false picture of the climate.

In order to avoid certain charge, the analysis involves

A．cautious predictions.

B．impartial judgment.

C．careful calculation.

D．simple statistics.

听力原文： New research into global warming published in the journal Science says the northern hemisphere is uniformly warmer now than at any time in the past 1,200 years, It says the present warm period in northern regions is the longest and most widespread temperature anomaly since the 9th century. Researchers have said in the past that the 20th century warming was unprecedented over the past thousand years, at least in the northern hemisphere. But critics disputed the claim, citing periods of extreme warm in certain regions during the Middle Ages. The new study sets out to tackle that criticism head on. Looking at the regional patterns of temperature for the past millennium, it finds while there have been patchy periods of warmth in the past, only in the late g0th century are regions across the hemisphere heating up simultaneously. The analysis is also statistically simpler than previous studies, avoiding the charge that mathematical quirks have generated a false picture of the climate.

In order to avoid certain charge, the analysis involves

A．cautious predictions.

B．impartial judgment.

C．careful calculation.

D．simple statistics.

Whatever happened to the death of newspaper? A year ago the end seemed near. The recession threatened to remove the advertising and readers that had not already fled to the internet. Newspapers like the San Francisco Chronicle were chronicling their own doom. America's Federal Trade commission launched a round of talks about how to save newspapers. Should they become charitable corporations? Should the state subsidize them? It will hold another meeting soon. But the discussions now seem out of date. In much of the world there is little sign of crisis. German and Brazilian papers have shrugged off the recession. Even American newspapers, which inhabit the most troubled corner of the global industry, have not only survived but often returned to profit. Not the 20% profit margins that were routine a few years ago, but profit all the same.

It has not been much fun. Many papers stayed afloat by pushing journalists overboard. The American Society of News Editors reckons that 13, 500 newsroom jobs have gone since 2007. Readers are paying more for slimmer products. Some papers even had the nerve to refuse delivery to distant suburbs. Yet these desperate measures have proved the right ones and, sadly for many journalists, they can be pushed further.

Newspapers are becoming more balanced businesses, with a healthier mix of revenues from readers and advertisers. American papers have long been highly unusual in their reliance on ads. Fully 87% of their revenues came from advertising in 2008, according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development ( OECD). In Japan the proportion is 35%. Not surprisingly, Japanese newspapers are much more stable.

The whirlwind that swept through newsrooms harmed everybody, but much of the damage has been concentrated in areas where newspapers are least distinctive. Car and film reviewers have gone. So have science and general business reporters. Foreign bureaus have been savagely cut off. Newspapers are less complete as a result. But completeness is no longer a virtue in the newspaper business.

By saying "Newspapers like. . . their own doom" ( Lines 23 , Para. 1 ) , the author indicates that newspapers_________.

A．neglected the sign of crisis

B．failed to get state subsidies

C．were not charitable corporations

D．were in a desperate situation

Whatever happened to the death of newspaper? A year ago the end seemed near. The recession threatened to remove the advertising and readers that had not already fled to the internet. Newspapers like the San Francisco Chronicle were chronicling their own doom. America's Federal Trade commission launched a round of talks about how to save newspapers. Should they become charitable corporations? Should the state subsidize them? It will hold another meeting soon. But the discussions now seem out of date. In much of the world there is little sign of crisis. German and Brazilian papers have shrugged off the recession. Even American newspapers, which inhabit the most troubled corner of the global industry, have not only survived but often returned to profit. Not the 20% profit margins that were routine a few years ago, but profit all the same.

It has not been much fun. Many papers stayed afloat by pushing journalists overboard. The American Society of News Editors reckons that 13, 500 newsroom jobs have gone since 2007. Readers are paying more for slimmer products. Some papers even had the nerve to refuse delivery to distant suburbs. Yet these desperate measures have proved the right ones and, sadly for many journalists, they can be pushed further.

Newspapers are becoming more balanced businesses, with a healthier mix of revenues from readers and advertisers. American papers have long been highly unusual in their reliance on ads. Fully 87% of their revenues came from advertising in 2008, according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development ( OECD). In Japan the proportion is 35%. Not surprisingly, Japanese newspapers are much more stable.

The whirlwind that swept through newsrooms harmed everybody, but much of the damage has been concentrated in areas where newspapers are least distinctive. Car and film reviewers have gone. So have science and general business reporters. Foreign bureaus have been savagely cut off. Newspapers are less complete as a result. But completeness is no longer a virtue in the newspaper business.

By saying "Newspapers like. . . their own doom" ( Lines 23 , Para. 1 ) , the author indicates that newspapers_________.

A．neglected the sign of crisis

B．failed to get state subsidies

C．were not charitable corporations

D．were in a desperate situation