Printmaking is the process of making artworks by printing on paper and other materials or surfaces.

Is the study of science simply a discipline in search of laws relating to the existence of material truths? Or is it also a search for principles which testify to the reality of a single Creator who has predetermined and man- dated the existence of all things, both material and spiritual, according to certain comprehensive and interrelated universal laws?

Recently, many cosmologists--scientists who study the structure and origin of the universe--have acknowledged that there is a definite link between the scientific and religious accounts of the Creation.

An account on the subject "where life begins" indicated that recent cosmological studies relating to the origin of Creation tend to validate the biblical account. The universe, according to the studies, was a huge fireball created about twenty billion years ago by the magnificently illuminating explosion of a giant primordial atom. The Bible describes the Creation in these words:

In the beginning, God created the heaven and the earth. The earth was without form. and void, and darkness was upon the face of the deep and the Spirit of God was moving over the face of the waters. And God said, "Let there be light." And there was light. (Genesis 1)

At another level of scientific inquiry, oceanographers--scientists who study the origin, composition and life forms found in the ocean and bodies of water--have been searching to determine whether the oceans would be a productive source of food supply for humankind in the future. Water bodies and oceans cover 70% of the earth's surface and oceanographers are firmly convinced that they can be utilized as a potential source of Christianity and Islam appears to attest to the validity of scientific investigation in the development of ocean resources as source of food supply.

The Koran states: "And He is who had made the sea subservient to you that you may eat flesh from it and bring forth ornaments which you wear and you might see the ships cleaving through it and that you might seek of his bounty and give thanks." (Koran 16..14)

In the words of the poet Walt Whitman, in his Leaves of Grass,

"I say the whole earth and the stars are in the sky for religion's sake." (370)

This selection implies that _______.

A．there is evidence that scientists are generally atheists

B．cosmologists read the Bible as part of their research

C．scientific studies show evidence of the validity of religious accounts of the universe and its origin

D．intellectual agnosticism has been on the rise

听力原文： Cosmetic surgery, also known as "plastic" surgery, is the science of changing the way a person looks by reshaping a part of the body. The science of beauty has changed with time, but the desire for beauty remains the same. Today I am going to talk about how the changes of fashion have led to the new modem age of cosmetic surgery.

In the 1700s, height and weight became an important part of beauty. During the time of the French Revolution, many women used to wear corsets, belts that made their waists appear much slimmer. In England in the 1500s, makeup became an important part of beauty. Some women used to paint their .face white. They thought this made them more attractive. Later, in North America, some women used to eat arsenic, a dangerous poison, to make their faces whiter. By the 1860s, American women started using makeup to make themselves more charming. In the 1890s, Americans discovered that bicycle tiding could actually improve their appearance! They exercised in order to look and feel better. The popularity of bicycle riding even led to a change in fashion. American women began to wear shorter skirts instead of the. traditional long, full ones.

Although diet and exercise are still popular ways of improving one's appearance, there are some parts of the body that cannot change without the help of a cosmetic surgeon. In the past, American women used to spend weeks repeating words that started with the "P" because they wanted to change the shape of their mouths. Today a cosmetic surgeon can reshape the nose or lips in a few hours. Rhinoplasty, the reshaping of nose, can greatly improve a person's image.

Surprisingly, cosmetic surgery has been used for centuries in China and India. Today it is used in many countries to improve the outlook of people who have been hurt in fires or in car accidents It is also used to improve the appearance of children who are born with physical problem.

Questions:

15.What is the topic of the lecture?

16.What did women in North America do to improve their appearance in 1890s?

17.What do you think is the speaker's attitude towards rhinoplasty?

18.Which statement is NOT true according to the lecture?

(35)

A．Why people will take plastic surgery.

B．How cosmetics develop in its long history.

C．How the change of fashion led to the development of cosmetic surgery.

D．How people from all over the world make themselves look better.

听力原文： Janet's sister is a flight attendant for a famous international airline, and Janet wants to become one too, of course she is still too young.The minimum age for a flight attendant is twenty and Janet is only gust over sixteen.

For the moment she has taken a. job in an office. But she is going to attend evening classes. In particular, she wants to improve her French and 6he has also decided to take up a second language. This is because foreign languages are essential for a flight attendant.

Later on, when she is about eighteen, she plans to work in a hotel for a while. This will not be difficult to arrange because one of her uncles is the manager of a big London hotel. Among other things, she proposes to work in the kitchen and the dining-room. This will be especially valuable experience because an important part of a flight attendant' work is to serve and feed the passengers.

Finally, if she has the time, she will go and work in a hospital for a while. Again this will provide more valuable experience,

So, you see, Janet has made up her mind and she is preparing for her career very carefully. But it was not easy for her to decide. She asked a large number of people and they all gave her conflicting advice!

(30)

A．She hasn't graduated.

B．She prefers to work in a travel agency.

C．She isn't old enough.

D．She cannot speak Spanish.

2. Apollo and Daphne Apollo is the Greek god of music, poetry, art, the sun and a great warrior. When he first saw the god of love, Eros (Cupid), sat on the bank of the river playing with his bow and tiny arrows. As Apollo is also patron of archery, he mocked Eros,“What are you doing with powerful weapons, naughty boy? ”He said,“That equipment of yours are fitting my shoulders. I am able to hurt and kill the wild animals and the enemies with them. I recently killed the swollen Python with countless arrows, the Python who was pressing down so many acres with his disease-bearing stomach! You will be content to provoke some loves by your fire, not to take away my honors.” The insulted Eros then prepared two arrows: one of gold and one of lead. He shot Apollo with the gold arrow, so the god has a passionate love for the river nymph Daphne. He shot Daphne with the lead arrow, making her a hatred for Apollo. Having taken after Apollo’s sister, Artemis (Diana), Daphne had looked down upon her many potential lovers, preferring instead woodland sports and exploring the forest. Due to her identity as an “aemula Phoebes” (female rival or emulator of Artemis), she had dedicated herself to perpetual virginity. Her father, the river god Peneus, demanded that she get married and give him grandchildren. She, however, begged her father to let her remain unmarried; he eventually complied. Apollo continually followed her, begging her to stay, but the nymph continued to reject him. They were evenly matched in the race until Eros intervened, helping Apollo catch up to Daphne. Seeing that Apollo was bound to reach her, she called upon her father, "Help me, Peneus! Open the earth to hide me, or change my form, which has brought me into this danger! Let me be free of this man from this moment forward!" Peneus answered her plea and “a heavy numbness seized her limbs; her soft breasts were surrounded by a thin bark, her hair changed into the foliage, her forearms changed into branches; her foot, just now swift, now clinged because of sluggish roots.” She was turned into a laurel tree. Apollo vowed to honor her forever: “Always my hair will have you, my lyres will have you, my quivers will have you, laurel tree. You will be present to two Latin places when the happy voice will sing a triumph and they will visit the great ceremonies at the Capitoline Hill.” Apollo also used his powers of eternal youth and immortality to render Daphne evergreen. For this reason, the leaves of the Bay laurel tree do not decay. 3. Who is Apollo’s sister?

A、Python

B、Daphne

C、Diana

D、Peneus

听力原文： Janet's sister is a stewardess for a famous international airline, and Janet wants to become one too. Of course she is still too young. The minimum age for a stewardess is twenty and Janet is only just over sixteen.

For the moment she has taken a job in an office. But she is going to attend evening classes. In particular, she -wants to improve her French and she has also decided to take up a second language. This is because foreign languages are essential for a stewardess.

Later on, when she is about eighteen, she plans to work in a hotel for a while. This will not be difficult to arrange because one of her- uncles is the manager of a big London hotel. Among other things, she proposes to work in the kitchen and the dining-room. This will be especially valuable experience because an important part of a stewardess' work is to serve and feed the passengers.

Finally, if she has the time, she will go and work in a hospital for a while. Again this will provide mere valuable experience.

So, you see, Janet has made up her mind and she is preparing for her career very carefully. But it was not easy for her to decide. She asked a large number of people and they all gave her conflicting advice!

(30)

A．She hasn't graduated.

B．She prefers to work in a travel agency.

C．She isn't old enough.

D．She cannot speak Spanish.

听力原文： Janet's sister is a stewardess for a famous international airline, and Janet wants to become one too. Of course she is still too young. The minimum age for a stewardess is twenty and Janet is only just over sixteen.

For the moment she has taken a job in an office. But she is going to attend evening classes. In particular, she wants to improve her French and she has also decided to take up a second language. This is because foreign languages are essential for a stewardess.

Later on, when she is about eighteen, she plans to work in a hotel for a while. This will not be difficult to arrange because one of her uncles is the manager of a big London hotel. Among other things, she proposes to work in the kitchen and the dining-room. This will be especially valuable experience because an important part of a stewardess' work is to serve and feed the passengers.

Finally, if she has the time, she will go and work in a hospital for a while. Again this will provide more valuable experience.

So, you see, Janet has made up her mind and she is preparing for her career very carefully. But it was not easy for her to decide. She asked a large number of people and they all gave her conflicting advice !

(34)

A．She hasn't graduated.

B．She prefers to work in a travel agency.

C．She isn't old enough.

D．She cannot speak Spanish.

听力原文： Andrew Warhol was born in 1928 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He studied at the Carnegie Institute of Technology. By 1950, Andy Warhol, as he now called himself, moved to New York City and pursued a successful career as s commercial designer and illustrator.

In the 1960s, Warhol became one of the leaders of .the pop art movement. Taking its name from "popular", this art used images in popular culture for its subject matter. Probably one of Warhol's most famous images is called Campbell's Soup Can -- a picture of a brand of soup popular in the U. S.. Other famous works are Green Coca-Cola Bottles and the three-dimensional Brillo Box, which looks exactly like the box of soap pads sold in the supermarket.

Now, Warhol also wanted to simplify the process of making art, so he silk-screened photographs onto painted canvas. He created very striking, brightly colored portraits of celebrities. The most famous are of Marilyn Monroe, Elizabeth Taylor, and Elvis Presley. To make his art look even more mechanical, he would repeat many images of the same thing on the canvas, sometimes just changing the color or a few little details. He even named the place where he produced his art "The Factory".

And Warhol was also a film-maker and a publisher. His magazine called Interview was filled with articles and gossip about celebrities. With his trademark bushy white hair and his association with celebrities, this man who seemed somewhat shy was always in the public eye. It seems that the more fun he made of art and fame, the more famous Andy Warhol became. He died in 1987 and is the subject of the largest museum devoted to a single artist: The Andy Warhol Museum in Pittsburgh, his hometown.

This talk is about the American artist Andy Warhol. When was this artist born?

A．In 1928.

B．In 1938.

C．In 1950.

D．In 1960.