__________ inscriptions are the ancient Chinese characters carved on tortoise shells or animal bones.

A、rigid

B、soft

C、vague

D、clear

听力原文： The turtle is a reptile with a bony or leathery shell. Any shelled reptile can be called a turtle, but in North America people commonly use the word tortoise to refer to members of a family of turtles that live entirely on land, reserving the word turtle for species that live in or near water.

Turtles are ancient life forms that first appeared on Earth during the Triassic Period, which extended from about 240 million to 205 million years ago. Turtles survived the disasters that wiped out the dinosaurs and many other creatures at the end of the Mesozoic Era about 65 million years ago.

There are about 270 living species of turtles, which are grouped into 12 or 13 families. These families axe further classified into two suborders: side-necked turtles and hidden-necked turtles. Side-necked turtles protect their heads by folding their necks sideways under the top edge of the shell. Hidden-necked turtles pull their heeds directly into the shell, using an up-and-down motion of the neck. Hidden-necked turtles are more widespread than side-necked turtles, Sea turtles, as well as a few other kinds of turtles, are considered members of the hidden-necked group even though they cannot fully withdraw their heeds.

Turtles inhabit every continent except Antarctica. Like all living reptiles, turtles are cold-blooded animals whose body temperature is influenced by the outside environment. For this reason, turtles are most abundant in warm tropical and subtropical climates.

(23)

A．About 240.

B．About 205.

C．About 65.

D．About 270.

The development of toothpaste began as long ago as 3000/5000 BC in the ancient countries of China and India. According to Chinese history, Huang-Ti claimed different types of pain felt in the mouth could be cured by sticking gold and silver needles into different parts of the jaw and gum. h was theories such as these that led to the development of dental cream. During the years 3000/5000 BC, Egyptians made toothpaste using a recipe of powdered ashes of hooves of oxen, myrrh, powdered and burned eggshells and pumice. It is assumed that the ancient Egyptians used their fingers to rub the mixture onto teeth.

The tooth stick, the forerunner of the toothbrush, had not, as far as is known, been discovered at this time. From the records of the ancient countries of India, China and Egypt, it was the Greeks and Romans who developed and improved toothpaste and developed a leaden instrument for the extraction of teeth. They were also the first to bind loose teeth together and to support artificial teeth by means of gold wire. During 1000 AD, the Persians gave advice on the dangers of using hard toothpowders and recommendations were made to make toothpowder from burnt hartshorn, the burnt shells of snails and oysters and burned gypsum. Other Persian recipes included dried animal parts, herbs, honey and minerals. One formula for strengthening teeth included green lead, verdigris, incense, honey and powdered flint stone.

Toothpowder or dentifrice was first available in Britain in the late 18th century. It came in a ceramic pot and was available either as a powder or paste. The rich applied it with brushes and the poor with their fingers. The powders were developed by doctors, dentists and chemists and often contained ingredients that were highly abrasive and harmful to the teeth, such as brick dust, china, earthenware or cuttlefish, and to make them more palatable, they contained glycerine. By the early nineteenth century, the ingredient stronchium was introduced, to strengthen teeth and reduce sensitivity, but it only really concentrated on the gums. In the late 18th century, borax powder was used to get the foaming effect. In 1873, an aromatic toothpaste in a jar was introduced in the U.S. and in 1896, Dental Cream was first packaged in collapsible tubes. Before the Second World War, the majority of toothpaste on the market used soap as an emulsifying agent, even though it was known that soap had certain inherent defects.

What is the main subject of the passage?

A．Methods of cleaning teeth.

B．Methods of caring for teeth.

C．Development of toothpaste.

D．Dental history.

Green sea turtles (海龟) are the world&39;s largest species of hard-shelled seaturtle. While most individuals weigh about 136 to 181 kilograms, some can be __56__heavy as 204 kilograms. These turtles are found nesting (筑巢) along the coastlineof more than 80 countries, with the largest nesting populations __ 57__ in Costa Ricaand Australia.

Green sea turtles spend most of their lives underwater, __58__ they can restfor up to five hours at a time before __ 59__ up for air. When active, they typically stayunderwater for a few minutes and swim up to the surface to __60__ air for a few seconds. Green sea turtles also bathe in the sun __ 61__ land.

Unlike most other sea turtles, adult green sea turtles eat primarilyplant-based foods __ 62__ of seaweed and sea grass. Scientists believe these green foods __ 63__ the sea turtle&39;s fat its green color.

Similar to other sea turtles, green sea turtles travel long distances __64__their feeding grounds and their nesting sites, with recorded distances __ 65__ than 2,600kilometers. They have strong flippers (鳍形肢) that help them __ 66__ in the water.

Female green sea turtles leave the water in __ 67__ to lay eggs on thebeach and will choose the same nesting __ 68__ as where they were born. A female willdig __ 69__ a nest with her flippers and lay about 115 eggs. Then she&39;ll cover theeggs __ 70__ sand and return to the sea. After about two months, the babies will usea special "egg tooth" to break their shells and hatch (孵化) from their eggs.

The first few years of a green sea turtle&39;s life are spent __ 71__ at sea,where they feed on tiny animals and plants __ 72__ live in the surface layer of the sea. As they grow older, the turtles move to __ 73__ waters along the coast, where theyfind sea grass to eat.

Adult green sea turtles face many threats, primarily from humans, includinginjuries from passing boats, being __ 74__ in fishing nets and pollution. Newlyhatched sea turtles are also at __ 75__ of being hunted by other animals as theymove from their nests out to the sea.

56_________

A.at

B.for

C.in

D.as

57A.gone

B.moved

C.found

D.knocked

58A.where

B.which

C.that

D.when

59A.join

B.come

C.joining

D.coming

60A.breathe

B.draw

C.hold

D.attract

61A.for

B.at

C.on

D.in

62A.putting

B.making

C.containing

D.consisting

63A.take

B.give

C.taken

D.given

64A.among

B.within

C.between

D.beyond

65A.longer

B.deeper

C.richer

D.higher

66A.arrive

B.swim

C.reach

D.jump

67A.way

B.place

C.method

D.order

68A.lawn

B.street

C.level

D.spot

69A.out

B.away

C.above

D.below

70A.of

B.with

C.out

D.for

71A.float

B.think

C.floating

D.thinking

72A.when

B.that

C.what

D.where

73A.negative

B.careful

C.shallow

D.polite

74A.caught

B.dropped

C.grown

D.reached

75A.risk

B.sight

C.visit

D.death

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

根据下面内容，回答题：

Salt，shells or metals are still used as money in out of- he way parts of the world today．Salt may seem rather a strange（19）_______to use as money，（20）_______in countries where the food of the people is mainly vegetable，it is often an（21）_______necessity．Cakesb of salt，stamped to show their（22）_______，were used as money in some countries until recent（23）_______ ，and cakes of salt（24）_______buy goods in Borneo and parts of Africa．

Sea shells（25）_______as money at some time（26）_______another over the greater part of the Old world．These were（27）_______mainly from the beaches of the Maldives Islands in the

Indian Ocean，and were traded to India and China．In Africa，shells were traded tight acrossthe（28）_______from East to West．

Metal，valued by weight，（29）_______ coins in many parts of the world．Iron，in lumps，bars or rings，is still used in many countries（30）_______paper money．It Can either be exchanged（31）_______goods，or made into tools，weapons，or ornaments．The early money of China，apart from shells，was of bronze，（32） _______in flat，round pieces with a hole in the middle，called“cash”．The（33） _______of these are between three thousand and four thousand years old older than the earliest coins of the eastern Mediterranean．

Nowadays，coins and notes have replaced nearly all the more picturesque forms of money，and while in one or two of the more remote countries people still hold it for future use on ceremonial occasions such as weddings and funerals，examples of primitive money will soon be found only in museums．

材料题请点击右侧查看材料问题 查看材料

A.object

B.article

C.substance

D.category

Salt, shells or metals are still used as money in out-of-the-way parts of the world today. Salt may seem rather a strange 【B1】 to use as money, 【B2】 in countries where the food of the people is mainly vegetable, it is often an 【B3】 necessity. Cakes of salt, stamped to show their 【B4】 , were used as money in some countries until recent 【B5】 and cakes of salt 【B6】 buy goods in Borneo and parts of Africa. Sea shells 【B7】 as money at some time 【B8】 another over the greater part of the Old World. These were 【B9】 mainly from the beaches of the Maldives Islands in the Indian Ocean, and were traded to India and China. In Africa, shells were traded right across the 【B10】 from East to West. Metal, valued by weight, 【B11】 coins in many parts of the world. Iron, in lumps, bars or rings, is still used in many countries 【B12】 paper money. It can either be exchanged 【B13】 goods, or made into tools, weapons, or ornaments. The early money of China, apart from shells, was of bronze, 【B14】 in flat, round pieces with a bole in the middle, called "cash". The 【B15】 of these are between three thousand and four thousand years old--older than the earliest coins of the easterr Mediterranean. Nowadays, coins and notes have 【B16】 nearly all the more picturesque 【B17】 of money, and 【B18】 in one or two of the more remote countries people still keep it for future use on ceremonial 【B19】 such as weddings and funerals, examples of 【B20】 money will soon be found only in museums.

【B1】

A．object

B．article

C．substance

D．category

Salt, shells or metals are still used as money in out-of-the-way parts of the world today.

Salt may seem rather a strange (31)____ to use as money, (32)_____ in countries where the food of the people is mainly vegetable, it is often an (33)_____ necessity. Cakes of salt, stamped to show their (34)____, were used as money in some countries until recent (35)_____, and cakes of salt (36)____ buy goods in Borneo and parts of Africa.

Sea shells (37)_____ as money at some time(38)____ another over the greater part of the Old World. These were (39)___ mainly from the beaches of the Maldives Islands in the Indian Ocean, and were traded to India and China. In Africa, shells were traded right across the (40)___ from East to West.

Metal, valued by weight, (41)____ coins in many parts of the world. Iron, in lumps, bars or rings, is still used in many countries(42)_____ paper money. It can either be exchanged(43)____ goods, or made into tools, weapons, or ornaments. The early money of China, apart from shells, was of bronze, (44)_____ in flat, round pieces with a hole in the middle, called "cash". The (45)_____ of these are between three thousand and four thousand years old - older than the earliest coins of the eastern Mediterranean.

Nowadays, coins and notes have (46)____ nearly all the more picturesque (47)____ of money, and (48)____ in one or two of the more remote countries people still keep it for future use on ceremonial (49)____ such as weddings and funerals, examples of (50)____ money will soon be found only in museums.

(31) A. object B. article C. substance D. category

(32) A. but B. and C. so D. even

(33) A. abstract B. advantageous C. abundant D. absolute

(34) A. weight B. value C. role D. size

(35) A. times B. events C. situations D. conditions

(36) A. even B. also C. still D. never

(37) A. had been used B. are used C. would be used D. would have been used

(38) A. and B. but C. yet D. or

(39) A. collected B. produced C. grown D. raised

(40) A. city B. district C. communib D. continent

根据下面内容，回答下列各题： Salt，shells or metals are still used as money in out of- he way parts of the world today．Salt may seem rather a strange(19)_______to use as money，(20)_______in countries where the food of the people is mainly vegetable，it is often an(21)_______necessity．Cakesb of salt，stamped to show their(22)_______，were used as money in some countries until recent(23)_______ ，and cakes of salt(24)_______buy goods in Borneo and parts of Africa． Sea shells(25)_______as money at some time(26)_______another over the greater part of the Old world．These were(27)_______mainly from the beaches of the Maldives Islands in the Indian Ocean，and were traded to India and China．In Africa，shells were traded tight acrossthe(28)_______from East to West． Metal，valued by weight，(29)_______ coins in many parts of the world．Iron，in lumps，bars or rings，is still used in many countries(30)_______paper money．It Can either be exchanged(31)_______goods，or made into tools，weapons，or ornaments．The early money of China，apart from shells，was of bronze，(32) _______in flat，round pieces with a hole in the middle，called“cash”．The(33) _______of these are between three thousand and four thousand years old older than the earliest coins of the eastern Mediterranean． Nowadays，coins and notes have replaced nearly all the more picturesque forms of money，and while in one or two of the more remote countries people still hold it for future use on ceremonial occasions such as weddings and funerals，examples of primitive money will soon be found only in museums．

A.object

B.article

C.substance

D.category

听力原文： Scientists believed that when the oceans were young, they contained only a trait of salt, and that the level of salinity have been growing gradually. Over the years the rain had worn away the rocky mantle of the continents. Minerals released by this erosion had been carried to the sea by the flow of river water. This water added several million tons of salt to the ocean annually. There are other sources of oceanic salinity too. One source is under water volcanic action. This eruption occurs along the mid-ocean range and release great amount of salt each year. However these sources of salt don't increase the actual mineral composition of water by much, because of the enormous chemical requirements of marine life. Oyster, clam, snails and other louse use salt to build shells and skeletons. Coral reefs also contains large amount of salts. Also some salt leave the ocean through the process of evaporation. As salt escape into the atmosphere, they go into the creation of rain drops. This is why the coast received more rain than land area. You see, more salt existence in the atmosphere near the ocean, thereby attracting increased moisture and producing rain.

What is the topic of this talk?

A．The salinity of the ocean.

B．Pollutants found at sea.

C．The composition of coral reefs.

D．The weather patterns of coastal areas.