Dust ______ on the top of the Tiramisu.

______may lay claim to the title "Birthplace of the Industrial Revolution" because it was here that people like Watt, Boulton, and Charles Darwin launched the revolution that thrust England and the world into the modern era.

A．Liverpool

B．Manchester

C．London

D．Birmingham

the share prices were influenced by the improvement of the two countries\\\\\\\'relations.

A. Bangkok rose 2 per cent on the day and 3.4 per cent over the week as buyers moved in to large market capitalization stocks. The SET index rose 27.55 to 1,383.57 in turnover of Bt 8.5 bn, down from Thursday's Bt 10bn.

B. Taipei was pulled lower by late profit-taking in industrials after Thursday's rebound ,and the weighted index fell 45.59 to 5,806.77, or 1.7 per cent, over the week. Turnover rose to T $41.51 bn from T $ 35. 78bn.

C. Manila opened strongly on foreign buying of blue chips but dipped at the close as profits were taken. The composite index fell 10.07 to 2 ,907. 00 , 1.3 per cent higher on the week

D. Hong Kong finished a mixed day slightly lower ,sapped by profit-taking on confirmation of US renewal of China's MFN trade status and concerns over the lower domestic property market. The Hang Seng index fell 11.58 to close at 9,470.13, 1.7 per cent lower on the week.

听力原文：Man: I've been Chief Executive of the Thorpe Group for eight years now. I started my career as a bank clerk but I later trained as an accountant. I suppose in one way or another, I've had a lot of experience of the financial side of business.

Nowadays it's my job to know what's happening in the market so every day at work I have financial reports to read. I only get the chance to look at other things - for example business magazines - when I travel abroad.

We invest customers' money in many areas of the market. Traditionally we've invested in property and in manufacturing. However, an industry that is doing very well at the moment is high-tech companies so we plan to increase investment in that area.

Some of our competitors concentrate on achieving a friendly service. This is important but I think that, on the whole, our customers prefer lower charges which is what we guarantee.

Although we encourage our staff to achieve a maximum return on investments, we have strict procedures to make sure that risks are avoided where possible. Some companies may put profits first but it's important that our customers see us as a safe investment.

Next month The Thorpe Group will merge with Chart well Associates which means our company will be relocating to new offices. Most things, however, won't change - for example we won't lose any staff and there are no plans to invest in different areas of the market.

We are a market leader because of our experienced staff. When we take on staff we look for people who will perform. well in a team. Since we train staff in many of the skills they need, a financial background is not essential.

?Look at the notes below.

?Some information is missing.

?You will hear Peter Dudley, Chief Executive of the Thorpe Group, giving a talk about his work to a group of business students.

?For each question 16-22, fill in the missing information in the numbered space using one or two words.

?After you have listened once, replay the recording.

Peter Dudley

Chief Executive of the Thorpe Group

Peter Dudley's first job: (16) ______

At the office Peter Dudley reads: (17) ______

The Thorpe Group will invest more in (18) ______ industry.

The Thorpe Group promise to customers: (19) ______

The Thorpe Group staff follow rules to reduce (20) ______ for its customers.

Result of merger: company will move to (21) ______

The Thorpe Group recruits staff who work well in (22) ______

(16)

According to the text, which of the following is true?

A．It’s always true that teachers’ quality is important.

B．Salaries in school are higher than those in other industries.

C．The average quality of the teachers in America is declining.

D．Administrators have many effective ways to choose best teachers.

Global warming is the gradual increase of the temperature of the earth's lower atmosphere as a result of the increase in greenhouse gases since the industrial Revolution. The temperature of the atmosphere near the earth's surface is warmed through a natural process called the greenhouse effect. Visible, shortwave light comes from the sun to the earth, passing unimpeded through a blanket of thermal, or greenhouse, gases composed largely of water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone. Infrared radiation reflects off the planet's surface toward space but does not easily pass through the thermal blanket. Some of it is trapped and reflected downward, keeping the planet at an average temperature suitable to life, about 60°F (16℃).

Growth in industry, agriculture, and transportation since the Industrial Revolution has produced additional quantities of the natural greenhouse gases plus chlorofluorocarbons and other gases, augmenting the thermal blanket. It is generally accepted that this increase in the quantity of greenhouse gases is trapping more heat and increasing global temperatures, making a process that has been beneficial to life potentially disruptive and harmful. During the past century, the atmospheric temperature has risen 1.1°F (0.6℃), and sea level has risen several inches. Some projected, longer-term results of global warming include melting of polar ice, with a resulting rise in sea level and coastal flooding; disruption of drinking water supplies dependent on snow melts; profound changes in agriculture due to climate change; extinction of species as ecological niches disappear; more frequent tropical storms; and an increased incidence of tropical diseases.

Among factors that may be contributing to global warming are the burning of coal and petroleum products (sources of carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone); deforestation, which increases the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere; methane gas released in animal waste; and increased cattle production, which contributes to deforestation, methane production, and use of fossil fuels.

Much of the debate surrounding global warming has centered on the accuracy of scientific predictions concerning future warming. To predict global climatic trends, climatologists accumulate large historical databases and use them to create computerized models that simulate the earth's climate. The validity of these models has been a subject of controversy. Skeptics say that the climate is too complicated to be accurately modeled, and that there are too many unknowns. Some also question whether the observed climate changes might simply represent normal fluctuations in global temperature. Nonetheless, for some time there has been general agreement that at least part of the observed warming is the result of human activity, and that the problem needs to be addressed.

A UN Conference on Climate Change, held in Kyoto, Japan, in 1997 resulted in an international agreement to fight global warming, which called for reductions in emissions of greenhouse gases by industrialized nations. Not all industrial countries, however, immediately signed or ratified the accord. In 2001 the G. W. Bush administration announced it would abandon the Kyoto Protocol: because the United States produces about one quarter of the world's greenhouse gases, this was regarded as a severe blow to the effort to slow global warming. Despite the American move, most other nations agreed later in the year (in Bonn, Germany, and in Marrakech, Morocco) on the details necessary to convert the agreement into a binding international treaty, which came into force in 2005 after ratification by more than 125 nations.

Which process caused the increased temperature?

A．Global warming.

B．Greenhouse effect.

C．Water evaporation.

D．Light reflection.

According to the text, which of the following is true?

A．It's always true that teachers' quality is important.

B．Salaries in school are higher than those in other industries.

C．The average quality of the teachers in America is declining.

D．Administrators have many effective ways to choose best teachers.

In the two decades between 1910 and 1930, over ten percent of the Black population of the United States left the South, where the majority of the Black population had been located, and migrated to northern states, with the largest number moving, it is claimed, between 1016 and 1918. It has been frequently assumed, but not proved, that most of the migrants in what has come to be called the Great Migration came from rural areas and were motivated by two concurrent factors: the collapse of cotton industry following boll weevil infestation, which began in 1898, and increased demand in the North for labor following the cessation of European immigration caused by the outbreak of the First World War in 1914. This assumption has led to the conclusion that the migrants' subsequent lack of economic mobility in the North is tied to rural background, a background that implies unfamiliarity with urban living and a lack of industrial skills.

But the question of who actually left the South has never been investigated in detail. Although numerous investigations document a flight from rural southern areas to southern cities prior to the Great Migration, no one has considered whether the same migrants then moved on to northern cities. In 1910 over 600,000 Black workers, or ten percent of the Black work force reported themselves to be engaged in "manufacturing and mechanical pursuits", the federal census category roughly including the entire industrial sector. The Great Migration could easily have been made up entirely of this group and their families. It is perhaps surprising to argue that an employed population could be tempted to move, but an explanation lies in the labor conditions then prevalent in the South.

About thirty-five percent of the urban Black population in the South was engaged in skilled trades. Some were from the old artisan class of slavery—blacksmiths, masons, carpenters—which had a monopoly of certain trades, but they were gradually being pushed out by competition, mechanization, and obsolescence. The remaining sixty-five percent, more recently urbanized, worked in newly developed industries—tobacco, lumber, coal and iron manufacture, and railroads. Wages in the South, however, were low, and Black workers were aware, through labor recruiters and the Black press, that they could earn more even as unskilled workers in the North than they could as artisans in the South. After the boll weevil infestation, urban Black workers faced competition from the continuing influx of both Black and White rural workers, who were driven to undercut the wages formerly paid for industrial jobs. Thus, a move north would be seen as advantageous to a group that was already urbanized and steadily employed, and the easy conclusion tying their subsequent economic problems in the North to their rural backgrounds comes into question.

Notes:

boll weevil infestation 棉铃虫蔓延。cessation中止，停止。mason 泥瓦匠。recruiter 招募者。influx流入，涌入。

The author indicates explicitly that which of the following records has been a source of information in her investigation?

A．United States Immigration Service reports from 1914 to 1930.

B．The volume of cotton exports between 1898 and 1910.

C．The federal census of 1910.

D．Advertisements of labor recruiters appearing in southern newspapers after 1910.

In the two decades between 1910 and 1930, over ten percent of the Black population of the United States left the South, where the majority of the Black population had been located, and migrated to northern states, with the largest number moving, it is claimed, between 1916 and 1918. It has been frequently assumed, but not proved, that most of the migrants in what has come to be called the Great Migration came from rural areas and were motivated by two concurrent factors: the collapse of cotton industry following boll weevil infestation, which began in 1898, and increased demand in the North for labor following the cessation of European immigration caused by the outbreak of the First World War in 1914. This assumption has led to the conclusion that the migrants' subsequent lack of economic mobility in the North is tied to rural background, a background that implies unfamiliarity with urban living and a lack of industrial skills.

But the question of who actually left the South has never been investigated in detail. Although numerous investigations document a flight from rural southern areas to southern cities prior to the Great Migration, no one has considered whether the same migrants then moved on to northern cities. In 1910 over 600,000 Black workers, or ten percent of the Black work force reported themselves to be engaged in "manufacturing and mechanical pursuits", the federal census category roughly including the entire industrial sector. The Great Migration could easily have been made up entirely of this group and their families. It is perhaps surprising to argue that an employed population could be tempted to move, but an explanation lies in the labor conditions then prevalent in the South.

About thirty-five percent of the urban Black population in the South was engaged in skilled trades. Some were from the old artisan class of slavery—blacksmiths, masons, carpenters which had a monopoly of certain trades, but they were gradually being pushed out by competition, mechanization, and obsolescence. The remaining sixty-five percent, more recently urbanized, worked in newly developed industries—tobacco, lumber, coal and iron manufacture, and railroads. Wages in the South, however, were low, and Black workers were aware, through labor recruiters and the Black press, that they could earn more even as unskilled workers in the North than they could as artisans in the South. After the boll weevil infestation, urban Black workers faced competition from the continuing influx of both Black and White rural workers, who were driven to undercut the wages formerly paid for industrial jobs. Thus, a move' north would be seen as advantageous to a group that was already urbanized and steadily employed, and the easy conclusion tying their subsequent economic problems in the North to their rural backgrounds comes into question.

Notes: boll weevil infestation 棉铃虫蔓延。cessation 中止，停止。mason 泥瓦匠。recruiter 招募者。influx涌入。

The author indicates explicitly that which of the following records has been a source of information in her investigation?

A．United States Immigration Service reports from 1914 to 1930.

B．The volume of cotton exports between 1898 and 1910.

C．The federal census of 1910.

D．Advertisements of labor recruiters appearing in southern newspapers after 1910.

Which of the following cities is famous for the textile industries?

A．Birmingham.

B．Manchester.

C．Liverpool.

D．Edinburgh.