Nach einem Monat hat Lisa sich von Peter _____ und seitdem hat sich Peter jeden Tag _____.

听力原文： Next time you bring your kids in for a checkup, don't be surprised if the doctor asks about their tastes in entertainment. The American Academy of Medicine suggested last week that doctors work with parents to evaluate how much TV kids watch and what they see, what video and computer games they play, which websites they visit on the Internet, whether they view R-rated videos without the company of their parents, what music they like and what books they read. Doctors are worried that kids who spend too much time in front of the TV set don't get enough exercise and can become overweight. The academy is also concerned that the message kids get from entertainment media can make them more violent and sexually active.

The academy recommends that children under age two not watch any TV. "Children need activities to stimulate the brain during the first two years of life," says Doctor Mitten Baron, who chairs the academy's committee on public education. "They need feedback and socialization." Elder children, she says, should watch TV in a common area. Their bedrooms should be "electronic media-free zones", where they can have a quiet place to read, study, play or just relax.

(23)

A．How much exercise they get every day.

B．What they are most worried about.

C．How long their parents accompany them daily.

D．What entertainment they are interested in.

Visitors from space may have landed on our planet dozens, even hundreds of times during the long, empty ages while Man was still a dream of the distant future. Indeed, they could have landed on 90 percent of the earth as recently as two or three hundred years ago, and we could never have heard of it. If one searches through old newspapers and local records, one can find many reports of strange incidents that could be interpreted as visits from outer space. A stimulating writer, Charles Fort, has made a collection of UFO sighting in his book! One is tempted to believe them more than any modern reports, for the simple reason that they happened long before anyone had ever thought of space travel. Yet at the same time, one can't take them too seriously, for before scientific education was widespread, even sightings of meteors, comets, auroras, and so on, gave rise to the most incredible stories, as they still do today.

According to the passage, visitors from space may have landed on the earth ______.

A．long before man had dreamed of it

B．long before there were human beings

C．in the last few hundred years

D．after the space age began

Trust is typically interpreted as a subjective belief in the reliability,honesty and security of an entity on which we depend( )our welfare.In online environments we depend on a wide spectrun of things,ranging from computer hardware,software and data to people and organizations.

A security solution always assumes certain entities function according to specific policies.To trust is precisely to make this sort of assumptions , hence,a trusted entity is the same as an entity that is assumed to function according to policy.A consequence of this is that a trust component of a system must work correctly in order for the security of that system to hold, meaning that when a trusted( )fails,then the sytems and applications that depend on it can( )be considered secure .

An often cited articulation of this principle is："a trusted system or component is one that can break your security policy”(which happens when the trust system fails).The same applies to a trusted party such as a service provider (SP for short )that is , it must operate according to the agreed or assumed policy in order to ensure the expected level of securty and quality of services. A paradoxical conclusion to be drawn from this analysis is that security assurance may decrease when increasing the number of trusted components and parties that a service infrastructure depends on. This is because the security of an infrastructure consisting of many

Trusted components typically follows the principle of the weakest link,that is,in many situations the the overall security can only be as strong as the least reliable or least secure of

all the trusted components.We cannot avoid using trusted security components,but the fewer the better.This is important to understand when designing the identity management architectures,that is,fewer the trusted parties in an identity management model,stronger the security that can be achieved by it.

The transfer of the social constructs of identity and trust into digital and computational concepts helps in designing and implementing large scale online markets and communities,and also plays an important role in the converging mobile and Internet environments.Identity management (denoted Idm hereafter) is about recognizing and verifying the correctness of identitied in online environment.Trust management becomes a component of( )whenever different parties rely on each other for identity provision and authentication.IdM and Trust management therefore depend on each other in complex ways because the correctness of the identity itself must be trusted for the quality and reliability of the corresponding entity to be trusted.IdM is also an essential concept when defining authorisation policies in personalised services.

Establishing trust always has a cost , so that having complex trust requirement typically leads to high overhead in establishing the required trust.To reduce costs there will be incentives for stakeholders to “cut corners”regarding trust requirements,which could lead to inadequate security.The challenge is to design IdM systems with relatively simple trust requirements.Cryptographic mechanisms are often a core component of IdM solutions,for example,for entity and data authentication.With cryptography,it is often possible to propagate trust from where it initially exists to where it is needed .The establishment of initial( )usually takes place in the physical world,and the subsequent propagation of trust happens online,often in an automated manner.

A.with

B.on

C.of

D.for

72

A.entity

B.person

C.component

D.thing

73

A.No longer

B.never

C.always

D.often

74

A.SP

B.IdM

C.Internet

D.entity

75

A.rust

B.cost

C.IdM

D.solution

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

Hostility to Gypsies has existed almost from the time they first appeared in Europe in the 14th century. The origins of the Gypsies, with little written history, were shrouded in mystery. What is known now from clues in the various dialects of their language, Romany, is that they came from northern India to the Middle East a thousand years ago, working as minstrels and mercenaries, metal-smiths and servants. Europeans misnamed them Egyptians, soon shortened to Gypsies. A clan system, based mostly on their traditional crafts and geography, has made them a deeply fragmented and fractious people, only really unifying in the face of enmity from non-Gypsies, whom they call gadje. Today many Gypsy activists prefer to be called Roma, which comes from the Romany word for "man". But on my travels among them most still referred to themselves as Gypsies.

In Europe their persecution by the gadje began quickly, with the church seeing heresy in their fortune-telling and the state seeing anti-social behaviour in their nomadism. At various times they have been forbidden to wear their distinctive bright clothes, to speak their own language, to travel, to marry One another, or to ply their traditional crafts. In some countries they were reduced to slavery. It wasn't until the mid-1800s that Gypsy slaves were freed in Romania. In more recent times the Gypsies were caught up in Nazi ethnic hysteria, and perhaps half a million perished in the Holocaust. Their horses have been shot and the wheels removed from their wagons, their names have been changed, their women have been sterilized, and their children have been forcibly given for adoption to non-Gypsy families.

But the Gypsies have confounded predictions of their disappearance as a distinct ethnic group and their numbers have burgeoned. Today there are an estimated 8 to 12 million Gypsies scattered across Europe, making them the continent's largest minority. The exact number is hard to pin down. Gypsies have regularly been undercounted, both by regimes anxious to downplay their profile and by Gypsies themselves, seeking to avoid bureaucracies. Attempting to remedy past inequities, activist groups may overcount. Hundreds of thousands more have emigrated to the Americas and elsewhere. With very few exceptions Gypsies have expressed no great desire for a country to call their own-unlike the Jews, to whom the Gypsy experience is often compared. "Romanestan" said Ronald Lee, the Canadian Gypsy writer, "is where my two feet stand. "

Gypsies are united only when they______.

A．are engaged in traditional crafts

B．call themselves Roma

C．live under a clan system

D．face external threats

1 Hostility to Gypsies has existed almost from the time they first appeared in Europe in the 14th century. The origins of the Gypsies, with little written history, were shrouded in mystery. What is known now from clues in the various dialects of their language, Romany, is that they came from northern India to the Middle East a thousand years ago, working as minstrels and mercenaries, metalsmiths and servants. Europeans misnamed them Egyptians, soon shortened to Gypsies. A clan system, based mostly on their traditional crafts and geography, has made them a deeply fragmented and fractious people, only really unifying in the face of enmity from non-Gypsies, whom they call gadje. Today many Gypsy activists prefer to be called Roma, which comes from the Romany word for "man". But on my travels among them most still referred to themselves as Gypsies.

2 In Europe their persecution by the gadje began quickly, with the church seeing heresy in their fortune-telling and the state seeing anti-social behaviour in their nomadism. At various times they have been forbidden to wear their distinctive bright clothes, to speak their own language, to travel, to marry one another, or to ply their traditional crafts. In some countries they were reduced to slavery—it wasn't until the mid-1800s that Gypsy slaves were freed in Romania. In more recent times the Gypsies were caught up in Nazi ethnic hysteria, and perhaps half a million perished in the Holocaust. Their horses have been shot and the wheels removed from their wagons, their names have been changed, their women have been sterilized, and their children have been forcibly given for adoption to non-Gypsy families.

3 But the Gypsies have confounded predictions of their disappearance as a distinct ethnic group, and their numbers have burgeoned. Today there are an estimated 8 to 12 million Gypsies scattered across Europe, making them the continent's largest minority. The exact number is hard to pin down. Gypsies have regularly been undercounted, both by regimes anxious to downplay their profile and by Gypsies themselves, seeking to avoid bureaucracies. Attempting to remedy past inequities, activist groups may overcount. Hundreds of thousands more have emigrated to the Americas and elsewhere. With very few exceptions Gypsies have expressed no great desire for a country to call their own — unlike the Jews, to whom the Gypsy experience is often compared. "Romanestan,' said Ronald Lee, the Canadian Gypsy writer. "is where my two feet stand."

Gypsies are united only when they

A．are engaged in traditional crafts.

B．call themselves Roma.

C．live under a clan system.

D．face external threats.