The following sentences that have the relation of entailment are .

Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage. The relationship between the home and market economies has gone through two distinct stages. Early industrialization began the process of transferring some production processes (e.g. clothmaking, sewing and canning foods) from the home to the marketplace. Although the home economy could still produce these goods, the processes were laborious (费力的) and the market economy was usually more efficient. Soon, the more important second stage was evident-the marketplace began producing goods and services that had never been produced by the home economy, and the home economy was unable to produce them (e.g. Electricity and electrical appliances, the automobile, advanced education, sophisticated medical care). In the second stage, the question of whether the home economy was less efficient in producing these new goods and services was irrelevant; if the family were to enjoy these fruits of industrialization, they would have to be obtained in the marketplace. The traditional ways of taking care of these needs in the home, such as in nursing the sick, became socially unacceptable (and, in most serious cases, probably less successful).

Just as the appearance of the automobile made the use of the horse-drawn carriage illegal and then impractical, and the appearance of television changed the radio from a source of entertainment to a source of background music, so most of the fruits of economic growth did not increase the options available to the home economy to either produce the goods or services or purchase them in the market. Growth brought with it increased variety in consumer goods, but not increased flexibility for the home economy in obtaining these goods and services. Instead, economic growth brought with it increased consumer reliance on the marketplace. In order to consume these new goods and services, the family had to enter the marketplace as wage earners and consumers. The neoclassical (新古典主义的) model that views the family as deciding whether to produce goods and services directly or to purchase them in the marketplace is basically a model of the first stage. It cannot accurately be applied to the second (and current) stage.

第36题：The reason why many production processes were taken over by the marketplace was that ________.

A) it was a necessary step in the process of industrialization

B) they depended on electricity available only to the market economy

C) it was troublesome to produce such goods in the home

D) the marketplace was more efficient with respect to these processes

All of the technological advances that have increased the quality of music have not changed the fundamental impact of recorded music. Electronic engineering furnishes products which are replaced so【C1】______. It is easy to forget the importance they held at the time of their【C2】______. Before the advent of digital equipment, there were a whole【C3】______ of mechanisms designed to record sound, from the original hand-cranked gramophones,【C4】______ the electric phonographs, the stereo record albums, to the cassette tapes. There are two【C5】______ for these developments: the precision of recording, and the【C6】______ of the equipment. Digital sound engineering is the【C7】______ of industrial efforts. It can【C8】______ the musical sources to the minutest detail and【C9】______ reproduced sounds through portable players. 【C10】______ the continuous wave of new sound facilities, entertainment has changed its form. Before the introduction of mechanical reproduction, it【C11】______ almost impossible to【C12】______ having an entire symphony, performed in a court setting, within a house of small size.【C13】______ classical music, a single household can host a dozen different bands of【C14】______ styles. The delivery of music through the electronic medium now claims high【C15】______ and encourages the prospect of creating a(n)【C16】______ reality. The boundary between reality and representation thus【C17】______ its clear-cut definition; listeners have great difficulty in deciding which is【C18】______, the live source, or the reproduced acoustics. 【C19】______ the distinction between fiction and reality is becoming more and more【C20】______, lifelikeness remains the principle criterion in measuring the effectiveness of sound since the invention of the gramophone.

【C1】

A．quickly

B．gradually

C．slowly

D．abruptly

The relationship of "They are going to have another baby" and "They have a child" is

A．hyponymy.

B．synonymy.

C．the former entailing the latter.

D．the former presupposing the latter.

A major difference between the Japanese and U.S workforces is that______

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FORMAL EDUCATION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN POOR COUNTRIES IS WIDELY MISUNDERSTOOD BY ECONOMISTS AND POLITICIANS ALIK

E. PROGRESS IN BOTH AREAS IS UNDOUBTEDLY NECESSARY FOR THE SOCIAL, POLITICAL AND INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT OF THESE AND ALL OTHER SOCIETIES; HOWEVER, THE CONVENTIONAL VIEW THAT EDUCATION SHOULD BE ONE OF THE VERY HIGHEST PRIORITIES FOR PROMOTING RAPID ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN POOR COUNTRIES IS WRON

G. WE ARE FORTUNATE THAT IT IS, BECAUSE BUILDING NEW EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS THERE AND PUTTING ENOUGH PEOPLE THROUGH THEM TO IMPROVE ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE WOULD REQUIRE TWO OR THREE GENERATIONS. THE FINDINGS OF A RESEARCH INSTITUTION HAVE CONSISTENTLY SHOWN THAT WORKERS IN ALL COUNTRIES CAN BE TRAINED ON THE JOB TO ACHIEVE RADICAL HIGHER PRODUCTIVITY AND RADICALLY HIGHER STANDARDS OF LIVIN

G. THE FIRST EVIDENCE FOR THIS IDEA APPEARED IN THE UNITED STATES. NOT LONG AGO, WITH THE COUNTRY ENTERING A RECESSION AND JAPAN AT ITS PRE-BUBBLE PEAK, THE U.S. WORKFORCE WAS DERIDED AS POORLY EDUCATED AND ONE OF THE PRIMARY CAUSES OF THE POOR U.S. ECONOMIC PERFORMANC

E. JAPAN WAS, AND REMAINS, THE GLOBAL LEADER IN AUTOMOTIVE-ASSEMBLY PRODUCTIVITY. YET THE RESEARCH REVEALED THAT THE U.S. FACTORIES OF HONDA, NISSAN, AND TOYOTA ACHIEVED ABOUT 95 PERCENT OF THE PRODUCTIVITY OF THEIR JAPANESE COUNTERPARTS AS A RESULT OF THE TRAINING THAT U.S. WORKERS RECEIVED ON THE JO

B. MORE RECENTLY, WHILE EXAMINING HOUSING CONSTRUCTION, THE RESEARCHERS DISCOVERED THAT ILLITERATE, NON-ENGLISH-SPEAKING MEXICAN WORKERS IN HOUSTON, TEXAS, CONSISTENTLY MET BEST-PRAC TICE LABOR PRODUCTIVITY STANDARDS DESPITE THE COMPLEXITY OF THE BUILDING INDUSTRY"S WOR

K. WE HAVE TO SUSPECT THAT CONTINUING ECONOMIC GROWTH PROMOTES THE DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION EVEN WHEN GOVERNMENTS DON"T FORCE IT. AFTER ALL, THAT"S HOW EDUCATION GOT STARTE

D. WHEN OUR ANCESTORS WERE HUNTERS AND GATHERERS 10,000 YEARS AGO, THEY DIDN"T HAVE TIME TO WONDER MUCH ABOUT ANYTHING BESIDES FINDING FOO

D. ONLY WHEN HUMANITY BEGAN TO GET ITS FOOD IN A MORE PRODUCTIVE WAY WAS THERE TIME FOR OTHER THINGS. AS EDUCATION IMPROVED, HUMANITY"S PRODUCTIVITY POTENTIAL INCREASED AS WELL. WHEN THE COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT PUSHED OUR ANCESTORS TO ACHIEVE THAT POTENTIAL, THEY COULD IN TURN AFFORD MORE EDUCATIO

N. THIS INCREASINGLY HIGH LEVEL OF EDUCATION IS PROBABLY A NECESSARY, BUT NOT A SUFFICIENT, CONDITION FOR THE COMPLEX POLITICAL SYSTEMS REQUIRED BY ADVANCED ECONOMIC PERFORMANC

E. A LACK OF FORMAL EDUCATION, HOWEVER, DOESN"T CONSTRAIN THE ABILITY OF THE DEVELOPING WORLD"S WORKFORCE TO SUBSTANTIALLY IMPROVE PRODUCTIVITY FOR THE FORESEEABLE FUTUR

E. ON THE CONTRARY, CONSTRAINTS ON IMPROVING PRODUCTIVITY EXPLAIN WHY EDUCATION ISN"T DEVELOPING MORE QUICKLY THERE THAN IT IS.

It can be inferred from the last three sentences that

A．those who have fought and bullied cannot be considered civilized.

B．there is nothing wrong if civilized people do some fighting and bullying.

C．even civilized people have done some fighting and bullying.

D．civilized people have never done any fighting and bullying.

The relationship between the home and market economies has gone through two distinct stages. Early industrialization began the process of transferring some production processes (e. g., cloth making, sewing and canning foods) from the home to the market place. Although the home economy could still produce these goods, the processes were laborious and the market economy was usually more efficient. Soon, the more important second stage was evident--the marketplace began producing goods and services that had never been produced by the home economy, and the home economy was unable to produce them (e, g., electricity and electrical appliances, the automobile, advanced education, sophisticated medical care). In the second stage, the question of whether the home economy was less efficient in producing these new goods and services was irrelevant; if the family were to enjoy these fruits of industrialization, they would have to be obtained in the marketplace. The traditional ways of taking care of these needs in the home, such as in nursing the sick, became socially unacceptable (and, in most serious cases, probably less successful). Just as the appearance of the automobile made the use of the horse-drawn carriage illegal and then impractical, and the appearance of television changed the radio from a source of entertainment to a source of background music, so most of the fruits of economic growth did not increase the options available to the home economy to either produce the goods or services or purchase them in the market. Growth brought with it increased variety in consumer goods, but not increased flexibility for the home economy in obtaining these goods and services. Instead, economic growth brought with it increased consumer reliance on the marketplace. In order to consume these new goods and services, the family had to enter tile marketplace as wage earners and consumers. The neoclassical model that views the family as deciding whether to produce goods and services directly or to purchase them in the marketplace is basically a model of the first stage. It cannot accurately be applied to the second stage.

The reason why many production processes were taken by the marketplace was that ______.

A．it was a necessary step in the process of industrialization

B．they depended on electricity available only to the market economy

C．it was troublesome to produce such goods in the home

D．the marketplace was more efficient with respect to these processes

The relationship between the home and market economies has gone through two distinct stages. Early industrialization began the process of transferring some production processes (e.g., cloth making, sewing and canning foods) from the home to the market place. Although the home economy could still produce these goods, the processes were laborious and the market economy was usually more efficient. Soon, the more important second stage was evident—the marketplace began producing goods and services that had never been produced by the home economy, and the home economy was unable to produce them (e.g., electricity and electrical appliances, the automobile, advanced education, sophisticated medical care). In the second stage, the question of whether the home economy was less efficient in producing these new goods and services was irrelevant; if the family were to enjoy these fruits of industrialization, they would have to be obtained in the marketplace. The traditional ways of taking care of these needs in the home, such as in nursing the sick, became socially unacceptable (and, in most serious cases, probably less successful). Just as the appearance of the automobile made the use of the 'horse-drawn carriage illegal and then impractical, and the appearance of television changed the radio from a source of entertainment to a source of background music, so most of the fruits of economic growth did not increase the options available to the home economy to either produce the goods or services or purchase them in the market. Growth brought with it increased variety in consumer goods, but not increased flexibility for the home economy in obtaining these goods and services. Instead, economic growth brought with it increased consumer reliance on the marketplace. In order to consume these new goods and services, the family had to enter the marketplace as wage earners and consumers. The neoclassical model that views the family as deciding whether to produce goods and services directly or to purchase them in the marketplace is basically a model of the first stage. It cannot accurately be applied to the second stage.

The reason why many production processes were taken by the marketplace was that ______.

A．it was a necessary step in the process of industrialization

B．they depended on electricity available only to the market economy

C．it was troublesome to produce such goods in the home

D．the marketplace was more efficient with respect to these processes

The relationship between the home and market economies has gone through two distinct stages. Early industrialization began the process of transferring some production processes (eg. cloth making, sewing and caning foods) from the home to the marketplace. Though the home economy could still produce these goods, the processes were laborious(费力的)and the market economy was usually more efficient. Soon, the more important second stage was evident -- the marketplace began producing goods and services that had never been produced by [he home economy, and the home economy was unable to produce them ( eg. electricity and electrical appliances, the automobile, advanced education, sophisticated medical care). In the second stage, the question of whether the home economy was less efficient in producing these new goods and services was irrelevant; if the family were to enjoy these result of industrialization, they would have to be got in the marketplace. The traditional ways of taking care of these needs in the home, such as in nursing the sick, became socially unacceptable ( and, in most serious cases, maybe less successful). Just as the appearance of the automobile made the use of horse --'drawn carriage illegal and then impractical, and the television changed the radio from a source of entertainment to a source of background music, so most of the fruits of economic growth did 'not increase the options available to the home economy to either produce the goods or services or purchase them in the market. Growth brought with it increased variety in consumer goods, but not in creased flexibility, for the home economy in obtaining these goods and services. Instead, economic growth brought with it increased consumer reliance on the marketplace. In order to consume these new goods and services, the family had to enter the marketplace as wage earners and consumers. The neoclassical(新古典主义的)model that views the family as deciding whether to produce goods and services directly or to purchase them in the marketplace is basically a model of the first stage. It cannot .accurately be applied to the second( and current) stage.

The reason why many production processes were taken over by the marketplace was that ______.

A．it was a necessary step in the process of industrialization

B．they depended on electricity available only to the market economy

C．it was troublesome to produce such goods in the home

D．the marketplace was more efficient with respect to these processes

The relationship between the home and market economies has gone through two distinct stages. Early industrialization began the process of transferring some production processes ( e. g. cloth making, sewing and canning foods) from the home to the marketplace. Though the home economy could still produce these goods, the processes were laborious (费力的) and the market economy was usually more efficient. Soon, the more important second stage was evident—the marketplace began producing goods and services that had never been produced by the home economy, and the home economy was unable to produce them ( e. g. electricity and electrical appliances, the automobile, advanced education, sophisticated medical care). In the second] stage, the question of whether the home economy was less efficient in producing these new goods and services was irrelevant; if the family were to enjoy these result of industrialization, they would have to be got in the marketplace. The traditional ways of taking care of these needs in the home, such as in nursing the sick, became socially unacceptable (and, in most serious cases, maybe less successful). Just as the appearance of the automobile made the use of horse-drawn carriage illegal and then impractical, and the television changed the radio from a source of entertainment to a source of background music, so most of the fruits of economic growth did not increase the options available to the home economy to either produce the goods or services or purchase them in the market. Growth brought with it increased variety in consumer goods, but not increased flexibility for the home. economy in obtaining these goods and services. Instead, economic growth brought with it increased consumer reliance on the marketplace. In order to consume these new goods and services, the family had to enter the marketplace as wage earners and consumers. The neoclassic (新古典主义的) model that views the family as deciding whether to produce goods and services directly or to purchase them in the marketplace is basically a model of the first stage. It cannot accurately be applied to the second (and current) stage.

The reason why many production processes were taken over by the marketplace was that______.

A．it was a necessary step in the process of industrialization

B．they depended on electricity available only to the market economy

C．it was troublesome to produce such goods in the home

D．the marketplace was more efficient with respect in these processes

The relationship between the home and market economies has gone through two distinct stages. Early industrialization began the process of transferring some production processes (eg. Cloth-making, sewing and caning foods) from the home to the marketplace. Though the home economy could still produce these goods, the processes were laborious (费力的 ) and the market economy was usually more efficient. Soon, the more important second stage was evident—the marketplace began producing goods and services that had never been produced by the home economy, and the home economy was unable to produce them (eg. electricity and electrical appliances, the automobile, advanced education, sophisticated medical care). In the second stage, the question of whether the home economy was less efficient in producing these new goods and services was irrelevant ;if the family were to enjoy these result of industrialization, they would have to be got in the marketplace. The traditional ways of taking care of these needs in the home, such as in nursing the sick, became socially unacceptable (and, in most serious cases, maybe less successful). Just as the appearance of the automobile made the use of horse—drawn carriage illegal and then impractical, and the television changed the radio from a source of entertainment to a source of background music, so most of the fruits of economic growth did not increase the options available to the home economy to either produce the goods or services or purchase them in the market. Growth brought with it increased variety in consumer goods, but not increased flexibility for the home economy in obtaining these goods and services. Instead, economic growth brought with it increased consumer reliance on the marketplace. In order to consume these new goods and services, the family had to enter the marketplace as wage earners and consumers. The neoclassic ( 新古典主义的 ) model that views the family as deciding whether to produce goods and services directly or to purchase them in the marketplace is basically a model of the first stage. It cannot accurately be applied to the second ( and current) stage.

The reason why many production processes were taken over by the marketplace was that____________.

A．it was a necessary step in the process of industrialization

B．they depended on electricity available only to the market economy

C．it was troublesome to produce such goods in the home

D．the marketplace was more efficient with respect to these processes