Consumer behavior 1 Consumer behavior 2 Consumer b...

Section B

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.

A scientist who does research in economic psychology and who wants to predict the way in which consumers will spend their money must study consumer behavior. He must obtain data both on resources of consumers and on the motives that tend to encourage or discourage money spending.

If an economist was asked which of three groups borrow most, people with rising incomes, stable incomes, or declining incomes -- he would probably answer: those with declining incomes. Actually, in the years 1947- 1950, the answer was: people with rising incomes. People with declining incomes were next and people with stable incomes borrowed the least. This shows us that traditional assumptions about earning and spending are not always reliable.

Another traditional assumption is that if people who have money expect prices to go up, they will hasten to buy. If they expect prices to go down, they will postpone buying. But research surveys have shown that this is not always true. The typical attitude was expressed by the wife of a mechanic in an interview at a time of rising prices, "In a few months," she said, "we' 11 have to pay more for meat and milk; we'll have less to spend on other things." Her family had been planning to buy a new car but they postponed this purchase. Furthermore, the rise in prices that has already taken place may arouse resentment (怨恨) and buyer' s resistance may be aroused. This is shown by the following typical comment: "I just don't pay these prices; they are tm high."

The investigations mentioned above were carried out in America. Investigations conducted at the same time in Great Britain, however, yielded results that were more in agreement with traditional assumptions about saving and spending patterns. The condition most conducive (有助于) to spending appears to be price stability. If prices have been stable and people consider that they are reasonable, and they are likely to buy. Thus, it appears that the common business policy of maintaining stable prices is based on a correct understanding of consumer psychology.

It can be inferred from the passage that if one wants to predict the way consumers will spend their money, he should______.

A．rely on traditional approaches

B．try to encourage or discourage consumers

C．carry out investigations

D．do researches in a laboratory first

A、I1+I2

B、I1-I2

C、-I1+I2

D、-I1-I2

A．a meteorological report

B．an ice report

C．the first weather forecast

D．an important message that cant be rejected

[1] 有如图所示的有穷自动机，与之等价的正规式为（ ）。 A. (0|1)*(000|111)(0|1) B. (0|1) (000|111)(0|1) C. (0|1)*(000|111)(0|1) * D. Ａ，B ，C选项都不正确[2] 对于NFA和DFA模型说法错误的是（ ）。 A. DFA是NFA的特殊形式 B. DFA与NFA的状态转换完全相同 C. 都有唯一的开始状态 D. 都可以有多个接受状态 [3] 对于DFA模型，说法错误的是（ ）。 A. DFA从任何状态出发，对于任何输入符号，可有多个转换 B. 任何状态都没有ε转换 C. DFA有唯一的开始状态 D. DFA可以有多个接受状态

A、Ej(1)＝Ej(2)

B、Ej(1)>Ej(2)

C、Ej(1)<ej(2)<br> D、Ej(1)<<ej(2)<br>

A．管道结构或管座的内缘宽度

B．管道结构或管座的外缘宽度

C．管道一侧的工作面宽度

D．管道一侧的支撑厚度

此题为判断题(对，错)。

A．3

B．2

C．1

D．0