Translate into Chinese. 1.Dense WDM however is ano...

Translate into Chinese. (1) Microwaves are normally considered to embrace the frequency range 109-1012 Hz or a characteristic wavelength range of 30 cm to 0.3 mm. (2) The study of electromagnetic radiation is an exact science because it can be represented exactly by mathematical expressions. (3) Microwaves are necessary for communication with satellites because they can pass through the ionosphere which reflects lower frequency radio waves. (4) The rate of microwave power absorption in most materials is proportional to its water content. This property can be used to provide microwave heating. Because the microwave signal penetrates most non-conductors, microwave power provides a most efficient means of applying heat uniformly throughout a body. (5)Microwaves are potentially hazardous because of their heating effect. The effect may not be felt until damage has already been done because the heating may be internal whereas our body is designed to warm us about externally applied heat. (6) For seismic signals traveling through a portion of the earth and picked up by appropriate transducers , one can extract from their particular shape and appearance information concerning the underlying strata.

Translate into Chinese. (1) Internet of Things (loT) is an integrated part of Future Internet and could be defined as a dynamic global network infrastructure with self configuring capabilities based on standard and interoperable communication protocols where physical and virtual “things” have identities, physical attributes, and virtual personalities and use intelligent interfaces, and are seamlessly integrated into the information network. (2) Terminals will be able to create a local communication network and may serve as a bridge between communication networks thus extending, particularly in urban environments, the overall infrastructure capacity. This will likely determine a different view of network architectures. (3)The function of identification is to map a unique identifier or UID (globally unique or unique within a particular scope), to an entity so as to make it without ambiguity identifiable and retrievable. UIDs may be built as a single quantity or out of a collection of attributes such that the combination of their values is unique. (4) As things move and interact with their environment, events are automatically generated. These evets can subsequently be enhanced with additional semantic information that expresses context in which each event happened, to explain why something occurred, such as why a thing was observed at a location or how and why it interacted with another thing. (5)The IoT deployment requires developments in network technology which is essential for implementing the vision reaching out to objects in the physical world and to bring them into the Internet. RFID, short-range wireless technologies and sensor networks are enabling this, while for example IPv6, with its expanded address space, allow that all things can be connected, and can be tracked.

Translate into Chinese. 1.More generally,signal processing is an operation designed for extracting,enhancing storing , and transmitting useful information. The distinction between useful and unwanted information is often subjective as well objective. 2.System using the DSP approach can be developed using software running on a generalpurpose computer. Therefore DSP is relatively convenient to develop and test , and the software is portable. 3.Digital signal processing generally approaches the problem of voice recognition in two steps : feature extraction followed by feature matching . 4.The Fourier decomposition is the basic for a broad and powerful area. Of mathematics called Fourier analysis , and the even more advanced Laplace and z-transforms . Most cutting-edge DSP algorithms are based on some aspect of there techniques. 5.DSP is the mathematics , the algorithms , and the techniques used to manipulate real world signals after they have been converted into a digital form . This includes a wide variety of goals , such as : enhancement of visual images , recognition and generation of speech , compression of date for storage and transmission , etc .

Translate into Chinese. 1. Interest in color image processing has increased significantly in the past few years as a result of digital for Internet applications. 2. Image restoration is applied to the restoration of a know distortion for which an objective criterion can be applied . 3. Mass storage capability is a must in image processing application . An image of size 1024*1024 pixels , in which the intensity of each pixel is an 8-bit quantity , requires one megabyte of storage space if the image is not compressed . 4. Although large-scale image processing systems still are being sold for massive of applications , such as processing of satellite images , the trend continues toward miniaturizing and blending of general-purpose small computers with specialized image processing hardware. 5. In archeology , image processing methods have successfully restored blurred pictures that were the only available records of rara artifacts lost or damaged after being photographed .

Translate into Chinese. 1.Each cell phone, when it makes a call, is connected (via its antenna and electromagnetic radiation to the base station with the best apparent communication path. The base stations in a given area are connected to a mobile telephone switching office (MTSO) by high speed wire, fiber, or microwave connections. 2.All of the newer cellular systems are digital (I.e., use a binary interface), and thus, in principle, can be used for voice or data. Since these cellular systems, and their standards, originally focused on telephony, the current data rates and delays in cellular systems are essentially determined by voice requirements. 3.One approach to channel measurement is to allocate a certain portion of each transmitted packet for that purpose. During this period, a known probing sequence is transmitted and the receiver uses this known sequence either to estimate the current values for the taps in the discrete-time baseband model of the channel or to measure the actual paths in a continuous-time baseband model. 4.It appears that many wireless situations, particularly those in cellular and local area networks contain a relatively small number of significant coherent paths, and if the bandwidth is large enough to resolve these paths, then the gain is far greater than that indicated in the example above. 5.The resulting binary stream, after adding the long PN sequence, is at a rate of 1.2288 Mbps. This stream is duplicated into two streams prior to being quadrature modulated onto a cosine and sine carrier.

Translate into Chinese： (1)If the input to a linear system is a sinusoidal wave, the output will also be a sinusoidal wave, and at exactly the same frequency as the input. (2)Just as we can express any signal as the sum of a series of shifted and scaled impulses, so too we can express any signal as the sum of a series of (shifted and scaled) sinusoids at different frequencies. (3)A signal is formally defined as a function of one or more variables that conveys information on the nature of a physical phenomenon. (4)Nyquist sampling theorem states that if the highest-frequency component of a CT signal x(t) is fmax, then x(t) can be recovered from its sampled sequence x(nT) if the sampling frequency fs is larger than 2fmax. (5) In fact, if a discrete-time sequence is absolutely summable, then its spectrum is, as in the continuous-time case, a bounded and continuous function of ω. (6) Systems are defined to be stable if every bounded input excites a bounded output. The condition for discrete-time systems to be stable is that all poles of H(x) lie inside the unit circle on the z-plane.

Translate the following into Chinese. 1. This investment is high risks as well as high income 2. I prefer depositing money with a bank, which is reasonable for emergency. 3. Varied investments may take on less risks 4. A well thought-out plan can ensure the benefit from your investment 5. It is unreasonable to invest regardless of risks. 6. Stock trading is very exciting. 7. Bonds are quite steady and safe. 8. Money market provide you easy access to your money. 9. Market changes may mean your investment is worth less when you sell it. 10. I think this investment will keep my assets value.

Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese.

This is an exciting moment, where the torch and torch relay route will be presented to the world. The Olympic flame carried by the torch and passed around the world from the torch bearer to torch bearer will stimulate the excitement in the peoples across the globe and foucus on the attention at the coming Beijing Games.

By traveling along the historical "Silk Road", a symbol of ancient trade links between China and the rest of the world, crossing the five continents and going to new places, the Beijing 2008 Torch Relay will, as its theme says, be a "journey of harmony", bringing friendship and respect to people of different nationalities, races and creeds.

Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese.

I am honored and humbled to stand here, where so many of America's leaders have come before me, and so many will follow.

We have a place, all of us, in a long story--a story we continue, but whose end we will not see. It is the story of a new world that became a friend and liberator of the old, a story of a slave-holding society that became a servant of freedom, the story of a power that went into 'the world to protect but not possess, to defend but not to conquer. It is the American story--a story of flawed and fallible people, united across the generations by grand and enduring ideals.

The grandest of these ideals is an unfolding American promise that everyone belongs, that everyone deserves a chance, that no insignificant person was ever born.

Americans are called to enact this promise in our lives and in our laws. And though our nation has sometimes halted, and sometimes delayed, we must follow no other course.

Through much of the last century, America's faith in freedom and democracy was a rock in a raging sea. Now it is a seed upon the wind, taking root in many nations.

Our democratic faith is more than the creed of our country, it is the inborn hope of our humanity, an ideal we carry but do not own, a trust we bear and pass along. And even after nearly 225 years, we have a long way yet to travel.

Please translate this passage into Chinese： Spatial resolution is a measure of the smallest object that can be resolved by the sensor, or the area on the ground represented by each pixel. The finer the resolution, the lower the number. For instance, a spatial resolution of 79 meters is coarser than a spatial resolution of 10 meters. The terms large-scale imagery and small-scale imagery often refer to spatial resolution. Scale is the ratio of distance on a map as related to the true distance on the ground. Large-scale in remote sensing refers to imagery in which each pixel represents a small area on the ground, such as SPOT data, with a spatial resolution of 10 m or 20 m. Small scale refers to imagery in which each pixel represents a large area on the ground, such as Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data, with a spatial resolution of 1.1 km. This terminology is derived from the fraction used to represent the scale of the map, such as 1:50,000. Small-scale imagery is represented by a small fraction (one over a very large number). Large-scale imagery is represented by a larger fraction (one over a smaller number). Generally, anything smaller than 1:250,000 is considered small-scale imagery.