facility to turn up/ down temperature

A、temperature adjuster

B、safe

C、switch

D、lamp

听力原文：W: I think we ought to turn around and head back down the trail.M: Tired, after j听力原文：W: I think we ought to turn around and head back down the trail. M: Tired, after just a few miles W: Not at all, but those are cumulonimbus clouds building up there. M: So, I don’t really care if it gets cloudy. The sun’s been pretty strong. W: Right, but those clouds mean a thunderstorm, lots of rain and sometimes even hail with those kinds of clouds. M: That doesn’t sound so great, but I thought that these cumulus were fair weather clouds. W: You are thinking of cumulus clouds I bet. Those are definitely cumulonimbus. M: How on earth did you ever learn all that, from a meteorological course W: I’m an English major, but growing up on a farm, you learn a lot about weather. M: You convince me, let’s turn back, and maybe on the way down, you can give a lesson on clouds. W: A sure thing, but let’s get going. （）

A．On a mountain trail．

B．In a classroom．

C．At a weather station．

D．At a planetarium．

听力原文：W: I think we ought to turn around and head back down thc trail.M: Tired, after j听力原文：W: I think we ought to turn around and head back down thc trail. M: Tired, after just a few miles W: Not at all, but those are cumulonimbus clouds building up there. M: So, I don’t really care if it gets cloudy. The sun’s been pretty strong. W: Right, but those clouds mean a thunderstorm, lots of rain and sometimes even hail with those kinds of clouds. M: That doesn’t sound so great, but I thought that these cumulus what it’s were fair weather clouds. W: You are thinking of cumulus clouds I bet. Those are definitely cumulonimbus. M: How on earth did you ever learn all that, from a meteorological course W: I’m an English major, but growing up on a farm, you learn a lot about weather. M: You convince me, let’s turn back, and maybe on the way down, you can give a lesson on clouds. W: A sure thing, but let’s get going. （）

A．Convince the man that they should rest for a while

B．Teach the man about the types of clouds．

C．Entertain the man with some interesting weather stories．

D．Persuade the man to turn around and go down the hill．

听力原文：W: I think we ought to turnroundnd hed bck down the tril.M: Tired,fter j听力原文：W: I think we ought to turnroundnd hed bck down the tril. M: Tired,fter just few miles W: Nottll, but thosere cumulonimbus clouds building up there. M: So, I don’t relly cre if it gets cloudy. The sun’s been pretty strong. W: Right, but those clouds men thunderstorm, lots of rinnd sometimes even hil with those kinds of clouds. M: Tht doesn’t sound so gret, but I thought tht those cumulus were fir wether clouds. W: Youre thinking of cumulus clouds I bet. Thosere definitely cumulonimbus. M: How on erth did you ever herll tht, from meteorologicl course W: I’mn English mjor, but growing up on frm, you lern lotbout the wether, M: You convince me, let’s turn bck,nd mybe on the wy down, you cn give lesson on clouds. W: Sure thing, but let’s get going. Where does the converstion tke plce On mountin tril. B．In clssroom. C．t wether sttion. D．t plnetrium.

A．On a mountain trail．

B．In a classroom．

C．At a weather station．

D．At a planetarium．

A、沿程温降速度较输油管快The temperature drop speed along the pipeline is faster

B、下游管道温度低于环境温度The downstream pipeline temperature is lower than the ambient temperature

C、沿程温降速度较输油管慢The temperature drop along the pipeline is slower than that along the pipeline

D、下游管道温度高于环境温度The downstream pipeline temperature is higher than the ambient temperature

A Meditation upon a Broomstick by Jonathan Swift This single stick, which you now behold ingloriously lying in that neglected corner, I once knew in a flourishing state in a forest. It was full of sap, full of leaves, and full of boughs, but now in vain does the busy art of man pretend to vie with nature by tying that withered bundle of twigs to its sapless trunk. It is now at best but the reverse of what it was: a tree turned upside down, the branches on the earth, and the root in the air. It is now handled by every dirty wench, condemned to do her drudgery, and by a capricious kind of fate destined to make other things clean, and be nasty itself. At length, worn to the stumps in the service of the maids, it is either thrown out of doors or condemned to its last use of kindling a fire. When I behold this I sighed, and said within myself, “Surely mortal man is a broomstick!” Nature sent him into the world strong and lusty, in a thriving condition, wearing his own hair on his head, the proper branches of this reasoning vegetable, till the axe of intemperance has lopped off his green boughs, and left him a withered trunk; he then flies to art, and puts on a periwig, valuing himself upon an unnatural bundle of hairs, all covered with powder, that never grew on his head. But now should this our broomstick pretend to enter the scene, proud of those birchen spoils it never bore, and all covered with dust, through the sweepings of the finest lady’s chamber, we should be apt to ridicule and despise its vanity. Partial judges that we are of our own excellencies, and other men’s defaults! But a broomstick, perhaps you will say, is an emblem of a tree standing on its head; and pray what is a man but a topsy-turvy creature, his animal faculties perpetually mounted on his rational, his head where his heels should be, grovelling on the earth? And yet, with all his faults, he sets up to be a universal reformer and corrector of abuses, a remover of grievances, rakes into every slut’s corner of nature, bringing hidden corruptions to the light, and raises a mighty dust where there was none before, sharing deeply all the while in the very same pollutions he pretends to sweep away. His last days are spent in slavery to women, and generally the least deserving; till, worn to the stumps, like his brother besom, he is either kicked out of doors, or made use of to kindle flames for others to warm themselves by.

Large animals that inhabit the desert have evolved a number of adaptations for reducing the effects of extreme heat. One adaptation is to be light in color, and to reflect rather than absorb the Sun's rays. Desert mammals also depart from the normal mammalian practice of maintaining a constant body temperature. Instead of trying to keep down the body temperature deep inside the body, which would involve the expenditure of water and energy, desert mammals allow their temperatures to rise to what would normally be fever height, and temperatures as high as 46 degrees Celsius have been measured in Grant's gazelles. The overheated body then cools down during the cold desert night, and indeed the temperature may fall unusually low by dawn, as low as 34 degrees Celsius in the camel. This is an advantage since the heat of the first few hours of daylight is absorbed in warming up the body, and an excessive buildup of heat does not begin until well into the day.

Another strategy of large desert animals is to tolerate the loss of body water to a point that would be fatal for non-adapted animals. The camel can lose up to 30 percent of its body weight as water without harm to itself, whereas human beings die after losing only 12 to 13 percent of their body weight. An equally important adaptation is the ability to replenish (Sheik) this water loss at one drink. Desert animals can drink huge volumes in a short time, and camels have been known to imbibe (吸收) over 100 liters in a few minutes. A very dehydrated person, on the other hand, cannot drink enough water to rehydrate at one session, because the human stomach is not sufficiently big and because a too rapid dilution of the body fluids causes death from water intoxication. The tolerance of water loss is of obvious advantage in the desert, as animals do not have to remain near a water hole but can obtain food from grazing sparse pastures. Desert-adapted mammals have the further ability to feed normally when extremely dehydrated, it is a common experience in people that appetite is lost even under conditions of moderate thirst.

What is the passage mainly about?

A．Animals developed different strategies to survive.

B．Large animals can take strategies to reduce the effect of extreme heat.

C．Animals can tolerate the loss of body water.

D．A very dehydrated person can drink enough water to rehydrate.