Which is the working capital requirement of a company with the following average figures over a year？ Inventory 3,750 Trade accounts receivable 1,500 Cash and bank balances 500 Trade accounts payable

Many of us would think those working in a public relations firm is the same with those working in advertising. This notion is understandable since these two industries are closely related to each other. They are both primarily concerned about the promotion of a company's sales of products or services. The biggest difference may lie in the fact that advertising aims at selling more, while the point of public relations is to make the public think favorably about the company and its offerings.

Aside from the means of advertising, public relation can also use news releases, press conferences, speaking engagements, and community service programs to reach its goal. All this is done so that the public would view the organization in a way that it wants to be perceived.

Another difference is that public relation is more of a two-way communication. It not only communicates to the public, collecting the views from the public is also one important part in the PR's agenda. By doing so, the organization would have a clear idea to find out the gap between the ideal image and the reality. And then efforts can be made to lessen this gap.

Many small business owners opt to handle the public relations issues themselves, while others choose to hire a public relations specialist. The in-house public relations department and the external PR agencies both have their own advantages. For example, a PR department within a company has a deeper understanding about the structure, target audience, and the products/ services of the organization and it can also devote all its attention to the organization it is in. While on the other hand, a specialized agency could handle all these issues more professionally, And since a specialized agency deals with PR issues for different organizations, it would easily create some new opportunities and programs for the organization.

Some specialists give a thought-provoking perspective on this issue: public relations should be taken care of in the public interest. From this perspective, organizations attempt to generate good will and position themselves as responsible citizens through a variety of programs conducted in the public interest. Consumer education as well as various other public interest programs belongs to this category.

In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by ______ .

A．justifying an assumption

B．referring to a general understanding

C．explaining a phenomenon

D．making a comparison

Which of the following is NOT suggested as a possible means to cope with the current situation?

A．Create situations in which people work for themselves.

B．Treat employment as the norm.

C．Endeavor to revive the household and the neighborhood as centers of production.

D．Encourage people to work in circumstances other than normal working conditions.

Which of the following is NOT suggested as a possible means to cope with the current situation?

A．Create situations in which people work for themselves.

B．Treat employment as the norm.

C．Endeavor to revive the household and the neighborhood as centers of production.

D．Encourage people to work in circumstances other than normal working conditions.

Which of the following is not the advantage of working three days a week in Mr. Slim‘s opinion? 查看材料

A.The move can generate a healthier labour force.

B.The labour will be more productive.

C.People will remain happy if so.

D.It will tackle financial challenges linked to longevity.

•Read the article below about job enrichment, a kind of way to promote the work efficiency of a company.

•Choose the correct word or phrase to fill each gap from A, B, C, or D.

•For each question 21—30, mark one letter (A, B, G, or D) on your Answer Sheet.

Job Enrichment

While pay is an attempt to reward zestful employees, job enrichment is an effort to motivate via the work itself. Job enrichment is the (21) of changing the job so that the work will appeal to employees’ higher-level needs. Its aim is to make the work more meaningful.

First, job enrichment is merely (22) up, working harder at what you are doing. Second, it is not job (23) , merely adding another meaningless job. Some managers assume they are enriching subordinates’ work by adding their duties, but the duties must make the job more meaningful in order to be enriching. Third, rotating (24) tasks does not help, at least not very much. Fourth, job enrichment does not mean (25) away all the hard parts and making the task more routine.

Then what is job enrichment? Job enrichment is based on Frederick Herzberg's two-factor theory of (26) . Herzberg argued that because job rotation and job enlargement do not provide workers with any additional responsibility or (27) over their jobs, they do not really enhance employee motivation. Job enrichment (28) to increase both the number of tasks a worker does and the control the worker has over the job. Many companies (29) job enrichment to improve the quality of work life for their employees. The (30) benefits of job enrichment are great, but it requires careful planning and execution.

(21)

A．purpose

B．program

C．project

D．process

YouarepartoftheDBAteamworkingforamultinationalbank.Theteamisresponsibleforperformingadministrativetasksonthedatabaseserverlocatedatthehomeoffice.ThedatabaseserveratthehomeofficehasaproductiondatabaseandatestdatabasenamedTESTDB.Thetestdatabaseisprimarilyusedfortestingdatabasecommandsandconfigurationsettingsbeforimplementingthesesettingsontheproductiondatabase.Thetestdatabaseisalsousedforthedevelopmentofdatabaseapplications.YouhavebeenaskedbytheseniorDBAtogranttheSYSDBAprivilegetoanewteammember，John，sothathecanperformsomeadministrativetasks，suchasshutdownandstartupoperations，onTESTDB.YouusethepasswordfiletoconfigureremoteauthenticationontheTESTDBdatabase.Youexecutethefollowingstatementtograntthe SYSDBAprivilegetoJohn：

SQL>GRANTSYSDBATOjohn；

However，youreceivethefollowingerror：

ORA-01996：GRANTfailed：passwordfile

’c：\oracle\ora9i\dbs\testdb.pwd’isfull

Whichactionshouldyoutaketoaddtheuserjohntothepasswordfilewithoutremovinganyoftheexistingusers？（）

Passage Two(2016年6月英语四级卷三真题及答案)

Question 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.

In agrarian(农业的),pre-industrial Europe, "you'd want to wake up early, start working with the sunrise, have a break to have the largest meal, and then you'd go back to work," says Ken Albala, a professor of history at the University of the Pacific, "Later, at 5 or 6, you'd have a smaller supper."

This comfortable cycle, in which the rhythms of the day helped shape the rhythms of the meals, gave rise to the custom of the large midday meal, eaten with the extended family, "Meal are the foundation of the family,' says Carole Couniban. a professor at Millersville University in

Peensylvania, "so there was a very important interconnection between eating together" and strength-eating family ties.

Since industrialization, maintaining such a slow cultural metabolism has been much harder. With the long midday meal shrinking to whatever could be stuffed into a lunch bucket or bought at a food stand. Certainly, there were benefits. Modern techniques for producing and shipping food led to greater variety and quantity, including a tremendous, increase in the amount of animal protein and dairy products available, making us more vigorous than our ancestors.

Yet plenty has been lost too, even in cultures that still live to eat. Take Italy. It's no secret that the Mediterranean diet is healthy, but it was also a joy to prepare and cat. Italians, says Counihan, traditionally began the day with a small meal. The big meal came at around 1 p.m. In between the midday meal and a late, smaller dinner came a small snack. Today, when time zones have less and less meaning, there is little tolerance for offices' closing for lunch, and worsening traffic in cities means workers can't make it home and back fast enough anyway. So the formerly small supper after sundown becomes the big meal of the day. the only one at which the family has a chance to get together. "The evening meal carries the full burden that used to be spread over two meals" says Counihan

52.What do we learn from the passage about people in pre-industrial Europe?

A.They had to work from early morning till late at night.

B.They were so busy working that they only ate simple meals.

C.Their daily routine followed the rhythm of the natural cycle.

D.Their life was much more comfortable than that of today.

53 What does Professor Carole Counihan say about. pre-industrial European families eating meals together?

A.It was helpful to maintaining a nation's tradition.

B.It brought family members closers to each other.

C.It was characteristic of the agrarian culture.

D.It enabled families to save a lot of money.

54.What does "cultural metabolism"(Line 1 ,Para. 3) refer to?

A.Evolutionary adaptation.

B.Changes in lifestyle.

C.Social progress.

D.Pace of life.

55.What does the author think of the food people eat today?

A.Its quality is usually guaranteed.

B.It is varied, abundant and nutritious.

C.It is more costly than what our ancestors ate.

D.Its production depends too much on technology.

56.What does the author say about Italians of the old days.

A.They enjoyed cooking as well as eating.

B.They ate a big dinner late in the evening.

C.They ate three meals regularly every day.

D.They were expert at cooking meals.

Questions 下列各 are based on the following passage. A recent BBC documentary, The Town That Never Retired, sought to show the effects of increasing the state pension age by putting retirees back to work. Although the results were entertaining, they need not have bothered. Away from the cameras, unprecedented numbers of older people are staying in work .Since the start of the recession that began in 2008, the number of 16-to 24-year-olds in work has fallen by 597,000. Over the same period the number of workers over the age of 65 has increased by 240 o000. The greying of the British workforce dates back to around 2001, since when the proportion of older people working has nearly doubled. But it has accelerated since the start of the recession. There are several reasons why. Happily, people are living longer and healthier lives, which makes staying in work less daunting than it was. Less happily, low interest rates, a stagnant stock market and the end of many defined-benefit ( 固定收益 ) pension schemes make it a financial necessity. And changing attitudes ,spurred by rules against age discrimination, are making it easier than ever. Most older workers are simply hanging on at the office: 63% of workers over state pension age have been with their employer for more than ten years. Over two-thirds of them work part-time, mostly doing jobs that they once performed full-time. A big advantage is that they do not pay national insurance contributions effectively a second income tax on younger workers. According to Stephen McNair, director of the Centre for Research into the Older Workforce, this flexibility explains why older workers have not suffered so much in the slump. Instead of slashing the workforce, as in previous recessions, many firms have halted recruitment and cut working hours. At small businesses in particular, keeping on older workers is cheaper and less risky than training replacements.Over half of workers over state pension age work for businesses with fewer than 25 employees. Christopher Nieper, who owns David Nieper, a womenswear manufacturer based in Derbyshire,prizes his semi-retired workers, who can be employed at short notice and do not need to work full-time to survive. Retired machinists can fill in if there is a surge in orders; former sales advisers can work as part-time consultants. As his competitors have moved production abroad, depleting the pool of trained labour, retaining older workers and their skills has become even more important. There is scope for the older workforce to expand. Workers over the age of 50 who are made unemployed find it harder to pick up new jobs, which could mean that more oldsters want to work than are able to. That would be good. The Office for Budget Responsibility, the fiscal watchdog, reported on July 12th that an ageing, unproductive population is the biggest long-term threat to Britains economic health. Data from the OECD, a think-tank, shows that employment rates among workers approaching retirement age are split in Europe, with old workers hanging on best in the north. Government credit ratings follow a similar pattern. That Britains ageing workforce more closely resembles Germanys than Italys could prove the countrys salvation(拯救). Which of the following can be inferred from the BBC documentary The Town That Never Retired?

A.What it intends to reveal is contrary to the reality.

B.It has received good comments from audience.

C.It aims to criticize the poor pension provision in the UK.

D.It reflects the current phenomenon of retirees coming back to work.