In this country, all graduates （require) to do one year of community service before starting their careers.

听力原文：Woman: This chain of clothing stores has been a household name in this country and abroad for a century. But some years ago, it lost market share and closed most of its overseas branches. Its goods declined in quality, and became dull and out of touch with modern taste. After a period in crisis, the company hired a new team of designers and re-launched its entire range. The upgrading in quality and style. have put this store back on the fashion map.

&8226;You will hear five short recordings. The speakers are presenting awards to companies that have excelled in different aspects of business.

&8226;For each recording, decide what the company is receiving its award for.

&8226;Write one letter (A-H) next to the number of the recording.

&8226;Do not use any letter more than once.

&8226;After you have listened once, replay the recordings.

A innovation in public relations

B staff involvement in decision-making

C after-sales policy

D product improvement

E environmental awareness

F staff training

G employee benefits

H export success

Not everyone in the world requires the same amount of living space. The amount of space a person needs around him is a cultural(文化的) difference, not an economic (经济的) one. Knowing your own psychological (心理的)space needs is important because they strongly affect your choices, including for example, the number of bedrooms in the home. If you were brought up in a two-child family and both you and your sister or brother had your own bedrooms, the chances are, if you have two children or more, that you also will offer separate bedrooms for them. In America, for example, they train people to want to have their own rooms by giving them their own rooms when they are babies. This is very rare in the world. In many other countries, the baby sleeps in the same bed with his parents or in bed near them.

The space in the home also shows a lot about psychological space needs. Some families gather closer to each other and the size of their house has nothing to do with it. Others have separate little comers where family members go to be alone.

Although it is true that psychological space needs are not decided by economic reasons, they sometimes have to be changed a little because of economic pressures. It is almost impossible, however, to completely change your psychological space needs.

The first sentence in Paragraph 1 means ______.

A．no two people need exactly the same amount of living space

B．living space requirements are not always the same

C．the world requires the same amount of living space

D．nobody needs a required amount of living space

Passage One

The exact year of Christ's birth is not recorded, but the calendar began on the supposed date divides time into B.C. (before Christ) and A.D. (in the year of our Lord). Nor was the exact day of his birth known. For the first 300 years his birthday was celebrated on different days. It was not until the year 354 that December25thwas chosen.

Christmas music is loved by all who hear and sing it every year. Carols, bells, and merry music have been a part of Christmas for centuries. Every Christmas Eve the bells ring to call people to church services. The most famous sleigh bells in the world belong to Santa Claus.

Christmas is a family festival. In the United States, no distance seems too great if it enables one to join the family circle for the holiday. All schools close for two weeks, parents welcome home their children and grandchildren and often open their doors to friends and strangers.

31. The calendar began ______.

A. in the exact year of Christ' birth

B. on the exact date which divides time into B. C. and A. D.

C. on December 25th

D. on the chosen date

SECTION A COMPOSITION (35 MIN)

Job-hunting is a tough challenge in face of the graduates. Someone says graduation means the coming of unemployment. Provide your opinion on such a phenomenon and give some advices for such a dilemma.

Write on ANSWER SHEET TWO a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:

Graduation, Synonym of Unemployment?

You are to write in three parts.

In the first part, state specifically what your idea is.

In the second part, provide one or two reasons to support your idea OR describe your idea.

In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.

Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.

Tens of thousands of 18-year-olds will graduate this year and be handed meaningless diplomas. These diplomas won't look any different from those awarded their luckier classmates. Their validity will be questioned only when their employers discover that these graduates are semiliterate(半文盲).

Eventually a fortunate few will find their way into educational-repair shops—adult-literacy programs, such as the one where I teach basic grammar and writing. There, high-school graduates and high-school dropouts pursuing graduate-equivalency certificates will learn the skills they should have learned in school. They will also discover they have been cheated by our educational system.

I will never forget a teacher who got the attention of one of my children by revealing the trump card of failure. Our youngest, a world-class charmer, did little to develop his intellectual talents but always got by. Until Mrs. Stifter.

Our son was a high-school senior when he had her for English. "He sits in the back of the room talking to his friends," she told me. "Why don't you move him to the front row?" I urged, believing the embarrassment would get him to settle down. Mrs. Stifter said, "I don't move seniors. I flunk(使…不及格) them." Our son's academic life flashed before my eyes. No teacher had ever threatened him. By the time I got home I was feeling pretty good about this. It was a radical approach for these times, but, well, why not? "She's going to flunk you," I told my son. I did not discuss it any further. Suddenly English became a priority(头等要事) in his life. He finished out the semester with an A.

I know one example doesn't make a case, but at night I see a parade of students who are angry for having been passed along until they could no longer even pretend to keep up. Of average intelligence or better, they eventually quit school, concluding they were too dumb to finish. "I should have been held back," is a comment I hear frequently. Even sadder are those students who are high-school graduates who say to me after a few weeks of class, "I don't know how I ever got a high-school diploma."

Passing students who have not mastered the work cheats them and the employers who expect graduates to have basic skills. We excuse this dishonest behavior. by saying kids can't learn if they come from terrible environments. No one seems to stop to think that most kids don't put school first on their list unless they perceive something is at risk. They'd rather be sailing.

Many students I see at night have decided to make education a priority. They are motivated by the desire for a better job or the need to hang on to the one they've got. They have a healthy fear of failure.

People of all ages can rise above their problems, but they need to have a reason to do so. Young people generally don't have the maturity to value education in the same way my adult students value it. But fear of failure can motivate both.

What is the subject of this essay?

A．view point on learning

B．a qualified teacher

C．the importance of examination

D．the generation gap

听力原文： Cars are an important part of life in the United States. (29) Without a car most people feel that they are poor. And even if a person is poor he doesn't feel really poor when he has a car. The car made the United States a nation on wheels. And it helped make the United States what it is today. There are three reasons the car became so popular in the United States. First of all the country is a huge one and Americans like to move around in it. The car provides the most comfortable and cheapest form. of transportation. With a car people can go any place without spending a lot of money. The second reason that cars are popular is the fact that the United States never really developed an efficient and inexpensive form. of public transportation. Long-distance trains have never been as common in the United States as they are in other parts of the world. Nowadays there is a good system of air-service provided by planes. But it is too expensive to be used frequently. (30) The third reason is the most important one, though. The American spirit of independence is what really made cars popular. Americans don't like to wait for a bus, or a train or even a plane. They don't like to have to follow an exact schedule. A car gives them the freedom to schedule their own time. And this is the freedom that Americans want most to have. (31) The gas shortage has caused a big problem for Americans. But the answer will not be a bigger system of public transportation. The real solution will have to be a new kind of car, which does not use so much gas.

(30)

A．When they don't have a car.

B．When they live in a huge country.

C．When they don't use planes.

D．when they have a car.

Passage Four

Every culture and every country in the world celebrates New Year, but not everyone does it the same way. The countries in North America and Europe welcome New Year on January the first. This practice began with the Romans in the Middle East, New Year is when spring begins. People in China and Vietnam celebrate it on the first day of the Spring Festival, which is the first day of their calendar based on the moon. Rosh Hashana, which is the Jewish (犹太人的) New Year, comes at the end of summer. The Hindus (印度教教徒 ) in India celebrate the first day of each season, so they have four New Years.

In all these cultures, there is a practice of making noise. People made noise in ancient times to drive away the evil spirits (妖精) from their homes. Today making noise is more of a custom than a religious rim

In the United States, many people stay up until midnight on New Year's Eve to watch the clock pass from one year to the next. Friends often gather together at a party on New Year's Eve, and when the new year comes, all ring bells, blow' whistles, sing songs, and kiss each other. A favorite Scottish song which everyone sings together is Auld Lang Sync. The words tell of old friends and good times.

In all cultures, New Year's Day is a time when people think of new beginnings. They want to make the coming year better than the last one. Many people in the United States make New Year resolutions. These are specific promises that they make to improve their behavior, change their habits, and become better people. There are many jokes about how a person keeps his or her New Year resolutions.

48. In ancient times, the practice of making noise was meant ______.

A. to keep the evil spirits away

B. to have fun

C. to celebrate the coming of the new year

D. to keep to a custom

Yellowstone National Park is (one of) the (older parks) in the United States. It was (established) by Congress (in) 1872.

A．one of

B．older parks

C．established

D．in

Energy will be one of the defining issues of this century. One thing is clear: the era of easy oil is over. What we all do next will (1)_____ how well we meet the energy needs of the entire world in this century and (2)_____.

Demand is (3)_____ like never before. As populations grow and economies take (4)_____ millions in the developing world are enjoying the (5)_____ of a lifestyle. that requires increasing amounts of energy. (6)_____, some say that in 20 years the world will (7)_____ 40% more oil and gas fields are maturing. And new energy (8)_____ are mainly occurring in places where resources are difficult to (9)_____, physically, economically and even politically. When growing demand meets tighter supplies, the result is more (10)_____ for the same resources.

We can wait (11)_____ a crisis forces us to do something. Or we can (12)_____ to working together, and start by asking the tough questions: How do we meet the energy needs of the developing world and those of (13)_____ nations? What role will renewables and (14)_____ energies play? What is the best way to protect our environment? How do we accelerate our conservation efforts? (15)_____ actions we take, we must look not just to next year, (16)_____ to the next 50 years.

We believe that innovation, collaboration and conservation are the cornerstones (17)_____ which to build this new world. We cannot do this (18)_____. Corporations, governments and every citizen of this planet must be part of the solution (19)_____ surely as they are part of the problem. We call upon scientists and educators, politicians and policy-makers, environmentalists, leaders of industry and each one of you to be part of (20)_____ the next era of energy.

A．decline

B．determine

C．declaim

D．decide