Culture is a set of norms that set standards for a society of what is acceptable behavior.

The answer is emphatically: No. For real beauty is as much an affair of the inner as of the outer self. The beauty of a porcelain jar is a matter of shape, of color, of surface texture. The jar may be empty or tenanted by spiders, full of honey or stinking slime—it makes no difference to its beauty or ugliness. But a woman is alive, and her beauty is therefore not skin deep. The surface of the human vessel is affected by the nature of its spiritual contents. I have seen women who, by the standards of a connoisseur (鉴定家, 内行) of porcelain, were ravishingly lovely. Their shape, their color, their surface texture were perfect. And yet they were not beautiful. For the lovely vase was either empty or filled with some corruption. Spiritual emptiness or ugliness shows through. And conversely, there is an interior light that can transfigure forms that the pure aesthetician (审美学家) would regard as imperfect or downright ugly.

The human being longs for a sense of being accomplished, of being able to do things, with his hand, with his mind, with his will. Each of us wants to feel he or she has the ability to do【1】that is meaningful and that serves as a【2】to our inherent abilities.

It is easiest to see this【3】the craftsman who lovingly shapes some cheap material into an object that may be either useful or beautiful or【4】. You can see the carpenter or bricklayer stand aside and【5】the product of his personal skill. But even【6】there is no obvious end product that is【7】attributable to one person's skill, researchers have found that employees find pride in accomplishment. Our own research in hospitals suggests that【8】the housekeeping and laundry staffs take pride in the【9】that in their own ways they are helping to cure sick people--and thus accomplishing a good deal.

We're often misled by the complaints【10】difficult work; deep【11】most people regard their own capacity to conquer the tough job as the mark of their own unique【12】Complaining is just【13】of working. After all, how【14】do you know who you are, except as you can demonstrate the ability of your【15】to control you limbs and hands and words? You are,【16】significant measure, what you can do.

Some are deceived into thinking that people like to store up【17】, to rest and save【18】as much as possible. Just the【19】. It is energy【20】that is satisfying.

(1)

A．one thing

B．something

C．work

D．a job

It is expected that tourist arrivals for Asia in 2005 will increase by ______.

A．5%

B．6%

C．10%

D．14%

What makes for a successful invasion? Often, the answer is to have better weapons than the enemy. And, as it is with people, so it is with plants—at least, that is the conclusion of a paper published in Biology Letters by Naomi Cappueeino, of Carleton University, and Thor Arnason, of the University of Ottawa, both in Canada.

The phenomenon of alien species popping up unexpected parts of the world has grown over the past few decades as people and goods become more mobile and plant seeds and animal larvae have hitched along for the ride. Most such aliens blend into the ecosystem in which they arrive without too much fuss. (Indeed, many probably fail to establish themselves at all—but those failures, of course, are never noticed.) Occasionally, though, something goes bananas and starts ttarts to take the place over, and an invasive species is born. Dr. Cappuceino and Dr. Arnason asked themselves why.

One hypothesis is that aliens leave their predators behind. Since the predators in their new homelands are not adapted to exploit them, they are able to reproduce unchecked. That is a nice idea, but it does not explain why only certain aliens become invasive. Dr. Cappuccino and Dr. Amason suspected this might be because native predators are sometimes "pre-adapted" to the aliens' defenees, but in other cases they are not.

To test this, they had first to establish a reliable list of invaders. That is not as easy as it sounds. As they observe, "although there are many lists of invasive species published by governmental agencies, inclusion of a given species in the lists may not be entirely hee of political motivation". Instead, they polled established researchers in the field of alien species, aski,g each to list ten invasive species and, for comparison, ten aliens that just rubbed along quietly with their neighbours. The result was a list of 21 species widely agreed to be invasive and, for comparison, 18 non-invasive aliens.

Having established these lists, they went to the library to find out what was known about the plants' chemistry. Their aim was to find the most prominent chemical weapon in each plant, whether that weapon was directed against insects that might want to eat the plant, bacteria and fungi that might want to infect it, or other plants that might compete for space, water, nutrients and light. Botanists know a lot about which sorts of compounds have what roles, so classifying constituent chemicals in this way was not too hard.

The researchers then compared the chemical arsenals of their aliens with those of native North American plants, to see if superior (or, at least, unusual) weapomT was the explanation for the invaders' success. Their hypothesis was that highly invasive species would have chemical weapons not found in native plants, and which pests, parasites and other plants would therefore not have evolved any resistance to. The more benign aliens, by contrast, were predicted to have arsenals also found in at least some native species.

And so it proved. More than 40% of the invasive species had a chemical unknown to native plants; just over 10% of the non-invasive aliens had such a chemical. Moreover, when they looked at past studies on alien plants that had examined how much such plants suffer from the depredations of herbivorous insects, they found that the extent of the damage reported was significantly conelated with the number of native species with which that alien shared its principal chemical weapon.

For alien plants, then, the real secret of success—also as in human warfare—is surprise. It is not that the chemicals concerned are more toxic in any general sense (indeed, successful invaders are often rare in their own native habitats). Rather, it is that the locals just don't see them coming.

In dozens of years, there are more cases of the invasion of alien species partly

A．plant seeds are resistant to antibiotics.

B．people tend to hitch a ride.

C．there are more circulation of goods.

D．animal larvae become stronger.

听力原文：M: Say, Rason, what are you watching?

W: An old Japanese film. I wonder if I'm going to spend all my next year there, I'd better start familiarizing myself with the culture.

M: You mean you are accepted into the program?

W: Yes.

M: That's wonderful. You must be excited.

W: Excited and nervous. You know I owe a lot to Professor Mercheno. He wrote a letter of recommendation for me and he bought me a set of practice tapes and a book which goes with them. Just so I can work on my basic conversation skills.

M: How much Japanese can you understand?

W: Not a lot at present. But I signed up for intensive Japanese this semester.

M : I wish I were as talented as you are in foreign languages. I'd like to study abroad.

W: Then why don't you? The university has lots of overseas programs that don't require mastery of a foreign language. The tuition is about the same. You just have to be the kind of person who is receptive to new ways of looking at things and willing to adjust to a different kind of life style.

M: I had assumed that all programs require you to know a foreign language. I might check into this.

W: You won't regret it.

What is the woman doing when the man interrupts her?

A．Taping some music.

B．Watching a film.

C．Making a video recording.

D．Writing a letter.

听力原文：M: Say, Rason, what are you watching?

W: An old Japanese film. I wonder if I'm going to spend all my next year there. I'd better start familiarizing myself with the culture.

M: You mean you are accepted into the program?

W: Yes.

M: That's wonderful. You must be excited.

W: Excited and nervous. You know I owe a lot to Professor Mercheno. He wrote a letter of recommendation for me and he bought me a set of practice tapes and a book which goes with them. Just so I can work on my basic conversation skills.

M: How much Japanese can you understand?

W: Not a lot at present. But I signed up for intensive Japanese this semester.

M: I wish I were as talented as you are in foreign languages. I'd like to study abroad.

W: Then why don't you? The university has lots of overseas programs that don't require mastery of a foreign language. The tuition is about the same. You just have to be the kind of person who is receptive to new ways of looking at things and willing to adjust to a different kind of life style.

M: I had assumed that all programs required you to know a foreign language. I might check into this.

W: You won't regret it.

What is the woman doing when the man interrupts her?

A．Taping some music.

B．Watching a film.

C．Making a video recording.

D．Writing a letter.

听力原文：M: Say, Rason, what are you watching?

W: An old Japanese film. I wonder if I'm going to spend all my next year there, I'd better start familiarizing myself with the culture.

M: You mean you are accepted into the program?

W: Yes.

M: That's wonderful. You must be excited.

W: Excited and nervous. You know I owe a lot to Professor Mercheno. He wrote a letter of recommendation for me and he bought me a set of practice tapes and a book which goes with them. Just so I can work on my basic conversation skills.

M: How much Japanese can you understand?

W: Not a lot at present. But I signed up for intensive Japanese this semester.

M: I Wish I were as talented as you are in foreign languages. I'd like to study abroad.

W: Then why don't you? The university has lots of overseas programs that don't require mastery of a foreign language. The tuition is about the same. You just have to be the kind of person who is receptive to new ways of looking at things and willing to adjust to a different kind of life style.

M: I had assumed that all programs require you to know a foreign language. I might check into this.

W: You won't regret it.

What is the woman doing when the man interrupts her?

A．Taping some music.

B．Watching a film.

C．Making a video recording.

D．Writing a letter.

听力原文：M: Say, Rason, what are you watching?

W: An old Japanese film. I wonder if I'm going to spend all my next year there, I'd better start familiarizing myself with the culture.

M: You mean you are accepted into the program?

W: Yes.

M: That's wonderful. You must be excited.

W: Excited and nervous. You know I owe a lot to Professor Mercheno. He wrote a letter of recommendation for me and he bought me a set of practice tapes and a book which goes with them. Just so I can work on my basic conversation skills.

M: How much Japanese can you understand?

W: Not a lot at present. But I signed up for intensive Japanese this semester.

M: I Wish I were as talented as you are in foreign languages. I'd like to study abroad.

W: Then why don't you? The university has lots of overseas programs that don't require mastery of a foreign language. The tuition is about the same. You just have to be the kind of person who is receptive to new ways of looking at things and willing to adjust to a different kind of life style.

M: I had assumed that all programs require you to know a foreign language. I might check into this.

W: You won't regret it.

What is the woman doing when the man interrupts her?

A．Taping some music.

B．Watching a film.

C．Making a video recording.

D．Writing a letter.

听力原文：M: Say, Rason, what are you watching?

W: An old Japanese film. I wonder if I'm going to spend all my next year there, I'd better start familiarizing myself with the culture.

M: You mean you are accepted into the program?

W: Yes.

M: That's wonderful. You must be excited.

W: Excited and nervous. You know I owe a lot to Professor Mercheno. He wrote a letter of recommendation for me and he bought me a set of practice tapes and a book which goes with them. Just so I can work on my basic conversation skills.

M: How much Japanese can you understand?

W: Not a lot at present. But I signed up for intensive Japanese this semester.

M:I wish I were as talented as you are in foreign languages. I'd like to study abroad.

W: Then why don't you? The university has lots of overseas programs that don't require mastery of a foreign language. The tuition is about the same. You just have to be the kind of person who is receptive to new ways of looking at things and willing to adjust to a different kind of life style.

M:I had assumed that all programs require you to know a foreign language. I might check into this.

W: You won't regret it.

What is the woman doing when the man interrupts her?

A．Taping some music.

B．Watching a film.

C．Making a video recording.

D．Writing a letter.