（单选) Which one of the following clothing styles means "学院风，学生风"？

Which one of the following passages is a legitimate summary of a research article?_______________

A.Feng and Wignell (2011) reviewed recent studies on advertising discourse which showed the trend of using different styles of discourse types and voices from all walks of life in advertisements.They also noted that Appraisal Theory had been used to analyze other semiotic modes beyond language, but most studies of voice limited their scope to voices from specific sources.They addressed the same issue of intertextual voices, but with new frameworks of Systemic Functional Multimodal Discourse Analysis, to better account for the features of advertising discourse including non-linguistic resources, and investigate how various voices engage with the product in the context of the advertisement (p.565).

B.Advertising discourse has attracted much attention from semioticians because it “tends to use a wide range of semiotic resources”.It is acknowledged that direct propaganda is less and less used in advertisements and advertisers deploy various strategies to enhance their persuasive power while trying to reduce the appearance of their commercial nature.As a result, advertisements have become a “parasite discourse”, or a “hybridized discourse”, drawing on styles from all kinds of discourse types (e.g.science, education, fine art) and voices from all walks of life (e.g.experts, celebrities, children) (Feng & Wignell, 2011: 565).

C.Recent research in Appraisal Theory has gone beyond language to include other semiotic modes (Chen and Qin, 2007; Economou, 2006; Martin, 2001).However, most studies of voice limit their scope to voices from specific sources.For example, Iedema et al.(1994) and Martin and White (2005) study multiple voicing in media discourse, identifying “reporter voice”, “correspondent voice” and “commentator voice” in different media genres; Coffin’s (2000) work reveals the voice options of “recorder”, “interpreter” and “adjudicator” in history discourse; Chen (2010) identifies character voice, editor voice and reader voice in EFL teaching materials.Martin and White (2005) use the termsvoiceandkeyinterchangeably but, in line with the studies just mentioned, as well as the original use of the term in Bakhtin (1981),voiceis used to refer to the resources of dialogic engagement (Feng & Wignell, 2011: 565).

D.Recent studies on advertising discourse showed the trend of using different styles of discourse types and voices from all walks of life in advertisements.Appraisal Theory has been used to analyze other semiotic modes beyond language, but most studies of voice limit their scope to voices from specific sources.The same issue of intertextual voices is addressed in this study, but with new frameworks of Systemic Functional Multimodal Discourse Analysis to better account for the features of advertising discourse including non-linguistic resources, and investigate how various voices engage with the product in the context of the advertisement (Feng & Wignell, 2011: 565).

Which one of the following passages can function as the Abstract of a research article?____________

A.A number of studies have demonstrated that there can be important cross-cultural differences in the speech-act performance between two different speech communities, especially in relation to the level of directness of their request realization.Such distinct cross-cultural differences have been found to exist between the Greek and the English interactional styles as well as between the Greek and the English verbal telephone behavior.

B.A total of 200 opening requests were randomly collected from the telephone service encounters produced by callers at the call center of a UK airline: 100 opening requests produced in Greek by GNSs and 100 opening requests produced in English by ENSs.Semi-structured interviews were also carried out in relation to the telephone operators who received the calls.These interviews were conducted in order to gain some qualitative insights into how the callers’ requests and telephone behavior. were perceived by the hearers (operators).Using the analytical framework of face-saving theory, each of the opening requests of the telephone observation data was coded and classified.The results were statistically tested in order to establish whether the differences found were statically significant.

C.This article examines whether there are marked cross-cultural differences in the level of directness of request realization between Greek and British speakers when ringing an airline’s call center.Using the analytical framework of face-saving theory, 200 opening requests were analyzed and statistically tested.Qualitative insights were gained from semi-structured interviews.Significant differences were found in the degree of requestive directness employed by Greek and British speakers in telephone business encounters, with the Greek employing a higher degree of directness.Further research is needed to establish whether such differences exist in socially different contexts and in different role relationships.

D.The present empirical study found significant differences in the degree of requestive directness employed by GNSs and ENSs when ringing an airline’s call center.The GNSs were found to employ a higher degree of directness as far as their opening telephone requests were concerned and this finding can be seen as being consistent with the ethos of directness, spontaneity and positive politeness orientation found to characterize the Greek language and culture.It additionally suggests that there is a need for the Greek callers to formulate their requests in the most explicit and shortest way possible in the business context examined particularly because directness seems to be motivated not only by spontaneity but also by their need for efficiency, urgency and pragmatic clarity.As the requests elicited from this data were exclusively elicited from an airline’s call center, they are context-specific.Further research is therefore needed in order to establish whether such significant differences are present in socially different contexts as well as in different role relationships.

Which one of the following statements is NOT true about the sentence “On one end of the spectrum , we’ve heard the implication that my candidacy is somehow an exercise in affirmative action ”?

A.“Spectrum” here refers to a wide variety of different opinions.

B.Obama tries to respond to some of the doubts over his candidacy.

C.Obama tries to point out a misjudgment a lot of people had for his candidacy --- Obama could become the candidate of the president just because he took advantage of some of the policies that favored the underprivileged people such as the black, the women, the disabled in order to ensure the social equality and his candidacy had nothing to do with his qualification

D.Obama tries to point out a misjudgment a lot of people had for his candidacy --- Obama could become the candidate of the president just because a lot of people agree to do so.

Which of the following tissue system is NOT one of the three major tissue systems in plants?

A、Meristem tissue

B、Ground tissue

C、Dermal tissue

D、Vascular tissue

Which of the following is not one of the facts mentioned in the passage?

A．O. J. Simpson"s case of being accused of killing his former wife arouses American"s interest in domestic violence against women in the U. S.

B．The government officials think that wife beating is the most severe health threat to the American women.

C．Domestic violence against women occurs in almost every social, economic, racial and religious groups according to some experts.

D．Most of the wife-beatings are done by those women"s present husbands or ex-husbands or their boyfriends.

A.a person buying a car after seeing an ad about it

B.a person returning a lost item after seeing an ad about it

C.a seller accepting a bid for an item

D.a seller making an invitation for offers

Which one of the following statements is NOT the suggestion given by psychologists?

A.Nurture relationships

B.Learn to like yourselves.

C.Do more activities that truly engage you.

D.Avoid over-thinking and social comparison.

Which of the following．is NOT one of the effects of multivitamins mentioned in the passage7．

A．To reduce the rate of babies born too early．

B．To reduce the risk of low birth we]ight．

C．To reduce fetal deaths in pregnant women infected with HIV．

D．To increase the number of lymphocytes in mothers’blood．

Which one of the following statements is NOT the suggestion given by the author of the text?

A.Learn to like yourselves.

B.Avoid over-thinking and social comparison.

C.Learn to be optimistic.

D.Be extroverted.

Which one of the following statements would proponents of the "nurture "theory agree with?______.

A．Person's character is greatly influenced by his environment

B．Behaviorist theory is not correct

C．Biologically based instincts are important in how we act

D．Environment has little to do with behavior