镪水（qiünɡ shuǐ）

How long had the Great Wall existed before Qin Shihuang had it connected?

A．400 years.

B．500 years.

C．1000 years.

D．2 200 years.

秦始皇(Emperor Qin Shi Huang)统一各国后，修复、连接并扩展了先前各国修建的城墙，将其建成巨大的军事防御工程，东起辽东半岛(Liaodong Peninsula),西至临洮。这就是举世闻名的万里长城。长城是世界一大奇迹，由数百关隘(pass)、堡垒(fortress)、塔楼和城墙构成。每隔一定距离，就建一个烽火台，敌人接近时，发出警报。位于北京的八达岭长城、慕田峪长城和司马台长城都建于明朝时期。如今，长城每年都吸引着众多国内外游客前来参观。它不仅是艺术非凡的文物古迹，同时也是中华人民伟大力量与智慧的结晶。

The Feudal Period of China

Qin Shi Huang(259-210 B.C.) and His Empire

In 221 B.C. Ying Zheng, ruler of the State of Qin and a man of great talent and bold vision, ended the 250-odd years of rivalry among the independent principalities during the Warring States Period, establishing the first centralized, unified, multi-ethnic feudal state in Chinese history—the Qin Dynasty(221-207 B.C.) He called himself Qin Shi Huang or "First Emperor of Qin." He standardized the written script, weights and measures, and currencies, and established the system of prefectures and counties. The sovereigns of the next 2,000-odd years followed the feudal governmental structure established by him. He mobilized more than 300,000 people over a period of a dozen years to build the Great Wall, which stretches for 5,000 km in northern China. Qin Shi Huang had work on his enormous mausoleum started early in his reign. The terracotta warriors of the "underground army" guarding the mausoleum, unearthed in 1974, amazed the world. The 8,000 vivid, life -size pottery figures, horses and chariots have been called the "eighth wonder of the world."

Han Dynasty(206 B.C.-A.D. 220) and the "Silk Road"

Liu Bang established the powerful Han Dynasty in 206 B.C. During the Han Dynasty, agriculture, handicrafts and commerce flourished, and the population reached 50 million. During his reign(140-87 B.C.), the most prosperous period of the Han Dynasty, Liu Che, Emperor Wudi, expanded the territory of the empire from the Central Plain to the Western Regions(present day Xinjiang and Central Asia). He dispatched Zhang Qian twice as his envoy to the Western Regions, and in the process pioneered the route known as the "Silk Road" from Chang'an(today's Xl'an, Shaanxi Province), through Xinjiang and Central Asia, and on to the east coast of the Mediterranean Sea. Chinese silk goods were traded to the West along the Silk Road. As contacts between the East and West increased, Buddhism spread to China in the first century. In 105, an official named Cai Lan invented a technique for making fine paper, which is considered to have been a revolution in communication and learning.

Tang Dynasty(618-907)

After the Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms Period(220-265), the Jin Dynasty(265-420), the Southern and Northern Dynasties(420-589) and the Sui Dynasty(581-618) were succeeded by the Tang Dynasty, established by IA Yuan in 618. IA Shimin, or Emperor Taizong(626-649), son of Li Yuan, adopted a series of liberal policies, pushing the prosperity of China's feudal society to its peak: Agriculture, handicrafts and commerce flourished; technologies for textile manufacturing and dyeing, pottery and porcelain production, smelting and shipbuilding were further developed; and land and water transportation greatly improved. By the 660s, China's influence had firmly taken root in the Tarim and Jung gar basins and the Hi River valley, and even extended to many city-states in Central Asia. During this period, extensive economic and cultural relations were established with many countries, including Japan, Korea, India, Persia and Arabia.

Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties(960-1911)

The period of the Five Dynasties and Ten States, which succeeded the Tang Dynasty, was one of almost continual war fare. In 960, Zhao Kuangyin, a general of the State of Later Zhou, established the Song Dynasty(960-1279), historically known as the Northern Song Dynasty. When the Song Dynasty moved its capital to the south, historically called the Southern Song Dynasty, it brought advanced economy and culture to the south, giving a great impetus to economic development there China in the Song Dynasty was in the front rank of the world in astronomy, science and technology and printing technology as evidenced, for example, by Bi Sheng's inventing movable type printing, a great revolution in printing history.

In 1271, Kublai, a grandson of Geng

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

下列词语中，加点的字读音全都正确的一组是( )。

A.绚(xuàn)丽 丰腴(yú) 倩(qiàn)影 乳臭(chòu)未干

B.赦（shè）免 嗜(shì)好 逡(qūn)巡 弱不禁(jīn)风

C.游说(shuì) 愤懑(mèn) 逶迤(yí) 不见经传(chuán)

D.泅（qiú） 渡坍圮(pǐ) 恐吓(xià) 否(pǐ)极泰来