“船舶的排水量是多少？”可译成：WHAT IS DEADWEIGHT OF VESSEL？

Displacement refers to the ______.

A.cubic capacity of a vessel

B.deadweight carrying capacity of a vessel

C.gross tonnage of a vessel

D.number of tons of water displaced by a vessel afloat

Deadweight is ________ ．

A.the tonnes of the displacement of a vessel in water of a specific gravity of 1．025 at summer load water line

B.the difference in tonnes between the displacement in salt water at summer load waterline and the light weight of the vessel

C.the cargoes in tonnes that can be loaded in a vessel at summer load water line

D.the bale capacity in cubic meters of a vessel

材料：

Every new crude oil tanker of 20000 tons deadweight and above and every new product carrier of 30000 tons deadweight and above shall be provided with segregated ballast tanks．The capacity of the segregated ballast tanks shall be so determined that the ship may operate safely on ballast voyages without recourse to the use of cargo tanks for water ballast．

In all cases，however，the capacity of segregated ballast tanks shall be at least such that，in any ballast condition at any part of the voyage，including the conditions consisting of lightweight plus segregated ballast only，the ship’s draughts and trim can meet each of the following requirements：

（a）The moulded draught amidships（dm）meters（without taking into account any ship&39;s deformation）shall not be less than dm = 2.0 + 0.02L；

（b）The draughts at the forward and after perpendiculars shall correspond to those determined by the draught amidships（dm）as specified in sub-paragraph（a）of this paragraph，in association with the trim by the stern of not greater than 0.015L；

and（c）In any case the draught at the after perpendicular shall not be less than that which is necessary to obtain full immersion of the propeller．

In no case shall ballast water be carried in cargo tanks，except on those rare voyages when weather conditions are so severe that，in the opinion of the master，it is necessary to carry additional ballast water in cargo tanks for the safety of the ship，or，in exceptional cases where the particular character of the operation of an oil tanker renders it necessary to carry ballast water in excess of the quantity required，provided that such operation of the oil tanker falls under the category of exceptional cases as established by the Organization．

问题：

According to this passage，it is inferred that ________．

A.the crude oil is more pollutive than the product

B.the crude oil is less pollutive than the product

C.the crude oil and the product are equally pollutive

D.it can not tell whether the crude oil or the product is more pollutive

Ballast water ________ carried in cargo tanks on board of oil tankers．A.can be

B.can not be

C.can not，absolutely，be

D.can，only in rare or exceptional cases，be

This passage is most likely extracted from ________．A.Guide to Port Entry

B.Notices to Mariners

C.SOLAS

D.MARPOL

Assuming the length of a crude oil tanker is 200m，her max aft draft corresponding to her displacement of lightweight plus segregated ballast only should be ________．A.3m

B.4.5m

C.6m

D.7.5m

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

材料：

Every new crude oil tanker of 20000 tons deadweight and above shall be fitted with a cargo tank cleaning system using crude oil washing．The Administration shall undertake to ensure that the system fully complies with the requirements of MARPOL within one year after the tanker was first engaged in the trade of carrying crude oil or by the end of the third voyage carrying crude oil suitable for crude oil washing，whichever occurs later．Unless such oil tanker carries crude oil which is not suitable for crude oil washing，the oil tanker shall operate the system in accordance with the requirements of that Regulation．

Every existing crude oil tanker of 40000 tons deadweight and above shall be provided with segregated ballast tanks．Existing crude oil tankers may，in lieu of being provided with segregated ballast tanks，operate with a cargo tank cleaning procedure using crude oil washing unless the crude oil tanker is intended to carry crude oil which is not suitable for crude oil washing．

Existing crude oil tankers may，in lieu of being provided with segregated ballast tanks or operating with a cargo tank cleaning procedure using crude oil washing，operate with dedicated clean ballast tanks in accordance with the provision of Regulation 13A of this Annex for the following period：for crude oil tankers of 70 000 tons deadweight and above，until two years after the date of entry into force of the present Convention；and for crude oil tankers of 40000 tons deadweight and above but below 70 000 tons deadweight，until four years after the date of entry into force of the present Convention．

问题：

A new crude oil tanker of 30000 tons deadweight shall ________．

A.be fitted with crude oil washing system

B.operate dedicated clean ballast tanks

C.be fitted with segregated ballast tanks

D.be fitted with washing system other than crude oil washing system

Except________，the existing crude oil tankers may operate with any of the following installations．A.segregated ballast tanks

B.cargo tank cleaning procedure using crude oil washing

C.operate with dedicated clean ballast tanks

D.protection position

The latest date for an existing crude oil tanker of 60000 tons deadweight to install dedicated clean ballast tanks is ________．A.until two years after the date of entry into force of the present Convention

B.until four years after the date of entry into force of the present Convention

C.within one year after the tanker was first engaged in the trade of carrying crude oil

D.by the end of the third voyage carrying crude oil

It is inferred that ________．A.all oil tankers，both the newly built and existing ones，shall be fitted with a cargo tank cleaning system using crude oil washing

B.a new crude oil tanker of 20 000 tons deadweight and above may，in lieu of being provided with crude oil washing system，operate with segregated ballast tanks

C.a new crude oil tanker of 20 000 tons deadweight and above may，in lieu of being provided with crude oil washing system，operate with dedicated clean ballast tanks

D.a new crude oil tanker of 20 000 tons deadweight and above shall not be fitted with a cargo tank cleaning system using crude oil washing immediately after her entry in the trade of carrying crude oil

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

Every new crude oil tanker of 20 000 tons deadweight and above shall be fitted with a cargo tank cleaning system using ______．

A.Hot water

B.Cold water

C.Chemicals

D.Crude oil washing

材料：

Early on 5 November 1996，the 140，086 tonnes deadweight Malaysian flag bulk carrier Giga 2 was nearing completion of discharge of a cargo of iron ore at No.2 discharge berth，Port KemblA、Due to the vessel&39;s light condition，the unloader could not be positioned over No.1 hold，to remove the 1080 tonnes of cargo remaining in that particular hold．At the suggestion of the shift supervisor，ballast was pumped into No.4 hold，which was permissible under the vessel&39;s operations manual．Pumping of ballast into No.4 hold commenced at 0530．

After the lunch break，two terminal workers descended into No.5 hold，where the unloader was working，to clear iron ore from around the bottom of the forward spiral access ladder．The spiral ladder terminated at the top of the lower stool，six metres above the tank top．They had just completed this task and were about to climb the ladder when the bulkhead to the starboard side of the centre line，between No.5 hold and the ballasted No.4 hold，collapsed．Both workers were immediately engulfed by the deluge and，although one was able to haul himself clear，the other remained submerged．

The shift supervisor was working in his office ashore and，alerted by calls over the radio from the Hatchman，dashed on board and immediately descended the ladder into No.5 hold．Up to his neck in the swirling water and guided by the Hatchman above，he was able to grab hold of the submerged worker．Assisted by another terminal worker，who had followed him into the hold，he was able to haul the unconscious and apparently lifeless worker clear of the water．The shift supervisor then administered cardio-pulmonary resuscitation（CPR），which was successful in restoring breathing in the worker．Very shortly afterwards an ambulance officer arrived on the scene and administered oxygen，before the worker was lifted from the hold and taken to hospital．

问题：

The most probable reason that the unloader could not be positioned over No.1 hold was that ________．

A.the trim was too small

B.the trim was too big

C.the draft was too small

D.the draft was too big

No.4 hold into which ballast water was pumped was a ________．A.special hold which could only be used to adjust the trim and/or draft in cargo operation

B.double bottom tank usually not used as ballast tank

C.ballast tank

D.cargo hold

It is concluded that the depth of ballast water in No.4 Hold ________ before the bulkhead was collapsed．A.less than 1 meter

B.around 1 meter

C.around 2 meters

D.more than 3 meters

Of the following，it is ________ that prevented the submerged worker from hauling himself clear when the bulkhead collapsed．A.his weakness or，possibly，his small figure

B.the big depth of the ballast water

C.the big distance from the lower stool of the spiral ladder to the tank-top in No.5 Hold

D.the strong or swirling current in the ballast water

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

无谓损失(deadweight losses)