The angle of loll is a stability term which applies to a floating ship with（）

Section B

Directions: This section is to test your ability to understand short conversations. There are 2 recorded conversations in it. After each conversation, there are some recorded questions. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, you should choose the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D.

听力原文：W: We are now in Washington D.C., the capital city of America.

M: It must be the political centre of America.

W: That's for sure. People name it Washington D.C. since it lies in the district of Columbia. You know there is also a state named Washington in America. But it is in the Northwest of our country.

M: I think this city's name must be connected with President Washington.

W: Yes. George Washington has been highly respected by the American people. To show their admiration and love for President Washington, they name their capital city Washington D.C.

M: Oh, I see.

W: Look, there is the Washington Monument. It is the highest needle shaped building in the world. The height is 55 feet.

M: Will we visit the Library of Congress?

W: Yes. The Library of Congress is the largest Library in the world. The glass ceiling makes the library very bright.

M: Your interpretation is so helpful.

6. Q: Why did people name this city Washington D. C.?

(10)

A．Because Washington D. C. lies in the district of Columbia.

B．Because there is a state named Washington in America.

C．Because it was connected with President Washington.

D．Because they want to show their admiration and love for President Washington.

A good translator is by definition bilingual. The opposite is not【C1】______tree, however. A born and bred bilingual will still need two【C2】______to become a translator: first, the skills and experience necessary for【C3】______; second, knowledge of the field in which he or she will【C4】______. The skills and experience for translation include the ability to write【C5】______in the target language, the ability to read and understand the【C6】______language material thoroughly, and the ability to work with the latest【C7】______and communication hardware and software.

Does a born and bred bilingual【C8】______a better translator than someone who learned language B later in【C9】______? There is no definite answer, but the following issues are important.【C10】______, a born and bred bilingual often suffers from not truly knowing【C11】______language well enough to translate, with some even suffering from what【C12】______known as a lingualism, a state in which a person lacks【C13】______full, fluent command of any language. Second, born and bred bilinguals【C14】______don't know the culture of the target language well enough to【C15】______top-quality translations, or cannot recognize what aspects of the source language【C16】______its culture need to be treated with particular care, as they【C17】______in a sense too close to the language. And last, they often【C18】______the analytical linguistic skills to work through a sticky text.

On【C19】______other hand, the acquired bilingual may not have the same in-depth【C20】______of colloquialisms, slang, and dialect that the born bilingual has. Also, the acquired bilingual will not be able to translate as readily in both directions (from B to language A and A to language B). Finally, born bilinguals often have a greater appreciation of the subtleties and nuances of both their languages than someone who learns their B language later in life can ever hope to have.

【C1】

I have an infatuation(迷恋) with autumn. The colors of the season, and the smells, have always thrilled me. I have always found joy in this time of year. The last few autumns of my life, however, I recollect in shades of gray rather than cheerful oranges and yellows.

When I became a single mother, every aspect of life took on new meaning. Since I was used to carrying out most of the parental duties without much help during my marriage, I truly did not foresee how different parenting would become after the marriage was over. But suddenly I realized I was a statistic. The daily routine was not changed so much; it was the angle at which I had begun to look at life.

I believed my ex-husband's lawyer was tracking every grade the children made, and I was under a microscope in this new town where the children and I moved our "broken home". I feared having to eventually establish my family with each new teacher and each new term as a single-parent family. I just wanted to be us again, without the stigma(特征) of the label that put on us.

During those few gray years, I would reassure myself that soon things would be better, and that I would someday be able to feel whole again. There is no mathematical equation of adults proportioned to children to equal a stable, loving family. Every family has its strengths. In fact, studies show that in families who read together, eat together and communicate openly, children are likely to succeed academically, as well as socially and emotionally. I am sure these habits are just as effective when practiced in single-parent families. I realize now that I am not a statistic. We are an active, vital family in this charming community, where we are not marked by any stigma of any statistics of any focus groups.

We are given opportunity, all of us. We are surrounded by beauty and immersed in possibility. There is joy to be found here, in what we see around us and in creating our own rendition of how we want to be seen. There is strength and grace in our own willingness to break free from conformity without falling behind the barriers of self-imposed limitations or preconceived notions of where we should fit in this world according to research.

What does the last sentence of paragraph one imply?

A．The author moved to a new place.

B．The climate changed greatly in the last few years.

C．In the last few years, the author's mood changed.

D．There were some natural disasters.

I have an infatuation(迷恋) with autumn. The colors of the season, and the smells, have always thrilled me. I have always found joy in this time of year. The last few autumns of my life, however, I recollect in shades of gray rather than cheerful oranges and yellows.

When I became a single mother, every aspect of life took on new meaning. Since I was used to carrying out most of the parental duties without much help during my marriage, I truly did not foresee how different parenting would become after the marriage was over. But suddenly I realized I was a statistic. The daily routine was not changed so much; it was the angle at which I had begun to look at life.

I believed my ex-husband's lawyer was tracking every grade the children made, and I was under a microscope in this new town where the Children and I moved our "broken home". I feared having to eventually establish my family with each new teacher and each new term as a single-parent family. I just wanted to be us again, without the stigma(特征) of the label that put on us.

During those few gray years, I would reassure myself that soon things would be better, and that I would someday be able to feel whole again. There is no mathematical equation of adults proportioned to children to equal a stable, loving family. Every family has its strengths. In fact, studies show that in families who read together, eat together and communicate openly, children are likely to succeed academically, as well as socially and emotionally. I am sure these habits are just as effective when practiced in single-parent families. I realize now that I am not a statistic. We are an active, vital family in this charming community, where we are not marked by any stigma of any statistics of any focus groups.

We are given opportunity, all of us. We are surrounded by beauty and immersed in possibility. There is joy to be found here, in what we see around us and in creating our own rendition of how we want to be seen. There is strength and grace in our own willingness to break free from conformity without falling behind the barriers of self-imposed limitations or preconceived notions of where we should fit in this world according to research.

What does the last sentence of paragraph one imply?

A．The author moved to a new place.

B．The climate changed greatly in the last few years.

C．In the last few years, the author's mood changed.

D．There were some natural disasters.

I have an infatuation(迷恋)with autumn. The colors of the season, and the smells, have always thrilled me. I have always found joy in this time of year. The last few autumns of my life, however, I recollect in shades of gray rather than cheerful oranges and yellows.

When I became a single mother, every aspect of life took on new meaning. Since I was used to carrying out most of the parental duties without much help during my marriage, I truly did not foresee how different parenting would become after the marriage was over. But suddenly I realized I was a statistic. The daily routine was not changed so much; it was the angle at which I had begun to look at life.

I believed my ex-husband's lawyer was tracking every grade the children made, and I was under a microscope in this new town where the children and I moved our "broken home." I feared having to eventually establish my family with each new teacher and each new term as a single-parent family. I just wanted to be us again, without the stigma (特征)of the label that put on us.

During those few gray years, I would reassure myself that soon things would be better, and that I would someday be able to feel whole again. There is no mathematical equation of adults proportioned to children to equal a stable, loving family. Every family has its strengths. In fact, studies show that in families who read together, eat together and communicate openly, children are likely to succeed academically, as well as socially and emotionally. I am sure these, habits are just as effective when practiced in single-parent families. I realize now that I am not a statistic. We are an active, vital family in this charming community, where we are not marked by any stigma of any statistics of any focus groups.

We are given opportunity, all of us. We are surrounded by beauty and immersed in possibility. There is joy to be found here, in what we see around us and in creating our own rendition of how we want to be seen. There is strength and grace in our own willingness to break free from conformity without falling behind the barriers of self-imposed limitations or preconceived notions of where we should fit in this world according to research.

What does the last sentence of paragraph one imply?

A．The author moved to a new place.

B．The climate changed greatly in the last few years.

C．In the last few years, the author's mood changed.

D．There were some natural disasters.

Countless people are born with(生来就具有某种特点)the susceptibility to inherit a genetic disease. But scientific progress, especially the art of interfering with(干涉,阻碍) the genetic makeup of the human body, has helped doctors prevent more and more inherited disorders in the last decade.

Dr. Thomas Caskey of the Baylor University College of medicine in Houston, Texas, is a pioneer in molecular biology(分子生物学). Through the techniques of genetic engineering(基因工程), he transfers genes from one organism to another. Caskey uses a certain type of virus, called a retrovirus(逆转录病毒), as the vehicle for the gene transfer. He first cripples the virus by removing the portion it needs to reproduce itself. The crippled virus becomes harmless while still being able to deliver a cargo to its destination.

The cargo in Caskey's experiment is the human A-D-A gene, taken from bone marrow. A-D-A stands for(代表) adenosine deaminase(腺苷脱氨酶), an important component of the human immune system. A defect in the A-D-A gene leads to immune deficiency, rendering(致使) the body defenseless against infections. Caskey's purpose was to see if the human A-D-A gene could repair the defective immune system of a mouse.

In the experiment the mouse was given a dose of radiation heavy enough to destroy its immune system. The animal next was injected with the crippled virus carrying the human A-D-A gene. According to Caskey, "the mouse will die within 10 to 14 days unless a successful transfer of bone marrow cells takes place. So we lethally irradiate and subsequently rescue the mouse by bone marrow transplantation(骨髓移植)with the cells that have been infected with the virus." The mouse now carries the human gene that salvaged its immune system.

Bone marrow transplantation has an established place in contemporary medical practice. Employed to restore the immune system of certain cancer patients and of people who have been exposed to radiation, bone marrow transplantation works only if there is a good match between donor and recipient.

The procedure would be much easier if bone marrow were like blood. People with type O blood are universal donors(万能供体). Their blood may be transfused to those who have different blood types. Unfortunately, there is no such thing as a universal bone-marrow type. Researchers may have found a way, however, to overcome this problem. The solution, if it works, would be to implant the patient with his own, perfectly matching(型配), bone marrow.

The idea, as Caskey explains it, is to "correct the patient's disease with his own ceils, but those cells have added to them a normally functioning gene. "In other words, surgeons would take defective bone-marrow cells from the patient and put them into a laboratory dish where the cells would be exposed to a crippled virus carrying a healthy AD-A gene from a donor. The A-D-A gene would repair the defective cells and then the cells would be reinjected into the patient. Thus, in Caskey words, "the patient would be transplanted by his own ceils containing the added normal gene."

The technique sounds deceptively(靠不住地) simple. In reality, though(可是,不过, 然而), it is complex. A number of laboratories have tested various intermediate steps of the process, but, according to Caskey, "no single laboratory has put together the entire technology successfully, and highly reproducibly, to proceed with a gene transfer at-tempt in man."

For some time now, the U.S. National Institute of Health has been taking a close look at(仔细,研究) the effectiveness and safety of the procedure, as well as the ethical questions it raises. There doesn't seem to be much concern about the ethics of gene transfer into a human being to correct a genetic defect.

Dr. W. French Anderson of N. I. H. wrote recently that "claims that new organs, designed personalities, master races, or Frankenstein(佛兰肯思泰因，一个创造怪物而自己被它毁灭的医学研究者，英国女

A．save lives

B．transfer genes

C．correct a genetic defect

D．create a new organ

The army commander ______ a state of emergency in that area after several outbreaks of suicide bombs.

A．proclaimed

B．exclaimed

C．reclaimed

D．administered