Big brand names and items like precooked meals are very profitable, so they are often clearly displayed to get the customer’s attention.

听力原文：W: There are pills for everything now, aren't there?

M: Almost everything. There are pills for colds and pills for headaches.

W: There are pills for seasickness and pills for airsickness.

W: Those are the same, aren't they? Being sick on a ship is like being sick on a plane, isn't it?

W: I suppose so. There are pills to make you sleepy.

M: And there are pills to keep you awake.

W: But they're bad for your health, aren't they?

M: That's right.

W: There is a pill to make you hungry, isn't there?

M: I don't know. But there are pills to keep you from being hungry. They're for people who want to lose weight.

W: There's a pill for almost everything, isn't there?

M: But there aren't any pills to learn languages, are there?

Which of the following is not mentioned?

A．There are pills to make you hungry.

B．There are pills for seasick and homesick.

C．There are pills for cold and headache.

听力原文：W: There are pills for everything now, aren't there?

M: Almost everything. There are pills for colds and pills for headaches.

W: There are pills for seasickness and pills for airsickness.

W: Those are the same, aren't they? Being sick on a ship is like being sick on a plane, isn't it?

W: I suppose so. There are pills to make you sleepy.

M: And there are pills to keep you awake.

W: But they're bad for your health, aren't they?

M: That's right.

W: There is a pill to make you hungry, isn't there?

M: I don't know. But there are pills to keep you from being hungry. They're for people who want to lose weight.

W: There's a pill for almost everything, isn't there?

M: But there aren't any pills to learn languages, are there?

Which of the following is not mentioned?

A．There are pills to make you hungry.

B．There are pills for seasick and homesick.

C．There are pills for cold and headache.

听力原文：M: Did you take these pictures? They're very good.

W: Yes, I think they tamed out well, too. I like to take my camera with me wherever I go. That way, if I see something interesting, I can snap a picture of it.

M: Carrying a big camera around is too much trouble for me.

W: My camera is really small, though. Here, let me show you.

M: That is a compact camera. But you really must know a lot about photography to get such professional looking results.

W: Not necessarily. This camera is simple to operate.

M: Does this model come with a flash attachment for indoor shots?

W: Better than that. It has a builtin electronic flash, and focusing.

M: That's what I need. When I take pictures they usually come out blurry because I don't adjust the lenses popery, and I hate photos that are out of focus. Is a cam-era like yours very expensive?

W: Less than you'd expect. Why don't you check the prices at Hatfield's down the street? This model was on sale there last week.

M: I think I will. It certainly won't hurt to take a look.

As the conversation begins, what are the man and woman doing?

A．Looking at some photographs.

B．Selling cameras.

C．Teaching a photography class

D．Repairing camera equipment.

Entrepreneurs are everybody's darlings these days. They may be small, but they are innovative. And innovation, we are assured, is the main engine of economic growth.

For policymakers everywhere, the task is to get the little critters to nest and breed. Give them the conditions they like--plenty of venture capital, tax breaks and a risk-taking culture—and the sun will shine on all of us, just like in California.

Along comes Amar Bhide to tell us most of this is plain wrong. Entrepreneurs, he asserts, are not risk-takers at all. Nor do most of them innovate, or depend on venture capital.

His findings are striking enough. Start with his assertion that entrepreneurs are not innovators or risk-takers. The vast majority of new businesses, he points out, start small and stay that way. These are the hairdressing salons, corner shops and landscape gardeners. Those are mature, predictable industries. For just that reason, they are the least profitable.

The success stories come in areas of high uncertainty, where markets are changing fast because of technology, regulation or fashion. A very large proportion, unsurprisingly, are in computing.

But Mr. Bhide insists they are rarely innovative. The people who start high-growth businesses take a humdrum idea, usually from someone else, then change it constantly to fit the market. The starting point is much less important than what happens next. Nor are they risk-takers. These are typically young people, with no money, expertise or status. They have nothing to lose. Risk arrives later on, when they have made their pile and must decide whether to invest in long-term growth or sell out.

This is one reason why so few promising start-ups become a Dell or Microsoft. Taking planned, calculated risks is the job of big, established companies, Mr. Bhide argues. True entrepreneurs rarely have the temperament for it.

What they have, instead, is a high tolerance for ambiguity--defined as knowledge that you know you do not have. Few of Mr. Bhide's interviewees began with any kind of business plan. That would have been a waste of time: the future was simply too uncertain. Therein lay their opportunity.

Big companies may be happy with risk, but they cannot stand ambiguity. They can invest billions in a chip plant or oil field, but only when they know the odds. When the odds are unknown, entrepreneurs have the game to themselves.

The passage mainly discusses ______.

A．the myths surrounding entrepreneurs

B．the success stories of entrepreneurs

C．qualities of successful entrepreneurs

D．differences between entrepreneurs and big companies

Nobody much likes tourists. They have a reputation for being loud, rude and disruptive. They are blamed for everything from prostitution to environmental degradation. "They want to have a good time, they are not well informed and want a short 'wow' factor," says Xavier Font, professor of tourism management at Britain's Leeds Metropolitan University. "Many locals see tourists as stupid."

Yet tourism may in fact be the true salvation of humankind's cultural heritage. After all, it's the main countervailing force to internationalization—that is, the global blah of TV, T shirts, tract housing, fast-food chains, business suits, malls and brand names. Internationalization has, in practice, been a process of everyone's coming to live and act the same; the Japanese gave up their kimonos because they were considered "unmodern". But tourists are looking for something old and something different—and they'll pay for it.

The effect can be seen across the globe, rescuing traditional cities and cultures from the brink of extinction. Just five years ago the indigenous community of the Cayapas lived in little concrete houses with television sets, having moved from file banks of the Canande River in northwestern Ecuador to settle alongside the highway. They had nearly all abandoned the traditional hand-woven garb of their ancestors, and instead donned Nikes. "That's what progress meant to them," says Pedro Armend riz, a tourism and development-planning engineer based in Quito. "It meant wearing tennis shoes and jeans, and having a TV so all the women could watch their soap operas every day."

Thanks to an influx of tourists, things have recently changed for the Cayapas. With visitors coming in search of community, or ethnic, tourism—to eat, work and often even live with the indigenous people—the Cayapas are embracing the nearly forgotten culture of their ancestors. Once again, they are wearing traditional clothes, building old-style. homes and using traditional agricultural techniques. "They have become a sustainable community microbusiness, with a preservationist conscience, because they have understood that their indigenous roots are what interest tourists," says Amend riz. "It makes them value their ancestral culture."

The situation is similar throughout Latin America, where interest in cultural and ecological tourism has been on the rise in recent years. Tourism to Guatemala, for example, with its Mayan heritage, lush rain forests and lakes surrounded by volcanoes, has doubled in the past decade to nearly 2 million foreign visitors a year. Their dollars have kept young indigenous women interested in learning the specialized craft of weaving on the Mayans' backstrap looms, says Alejandrina Silva, head of the Guatemalan Tourism Ministry's Cultural Heritage Office. "Indigenous artisanry forms an important part of the Guatemalan touristic product," she says. "If this were not the case, such crafts could die off and the younger generations would have to look for new trades that would allow them to survive."

Indeed, the souvenir trade—often maligned for promoting kitsch—can almost single-handedly keep fading cultures alive. In the Tatra National Park in Zakopane, in southern Poland, the highlander tradition of making smoked sheep cheese—dying out among the younger generation—has earned a new lease on life thanks to tourists' desire for unforgettable souvenirs. Highlanders make the cheese, or oscypek, in theft huts, forming it by hand and smoking it over a fire. Visitors feel free to chat with the locals as they watch, have a taste of the cheese and a glass of fresh goat's milk; most leave some money. They also snatch up the traditional clothing, wool hats, slippers and jackets—as well as sheep and goat cheese—on sale all over the city.

Tourism is not just about preserving old cultures; it can also influence modem ones. Catering to tourist whims provides a quick education for fledgling ent

A．being loud, rude and disruptive.

B．saving humankind's cultural heritage.

C．prostitution.

D．environmental degradation.

Public goods______.

A．are run by the government because they are very profitable

B．are such that the more people use them, the more it costs to provide

C．are such that they cannot be excluded from any consumer's use

D．are goods like airline travel