When you are on a boat one shiny day, you have to watch out for the __ of the sun; it is

The Clock That Wake You When You Are Ready

Are you a real grump (脾气坏的人) in the mornings? Do you wake up every day feeling tired, angry and upset, and all too ready to flit the snooze (瞌睡) button? If so, then a new alarm clock could be just for you.

The clock, called SleepSmart, measures your sleep cycle, and waits for you to be in your lightest phase of sleep before waking you up, Its makers say that should ensure you wake up feeling refreshed (恢复精力) every morning.

As you sleep you pass through a sequence of sleep states - light sleep, deep sleep and REM sleep (快速眼动睡眼) - that repeats approximately every 90 minutes. The points in that cycle at which you wake can affect how you feel later, and may even have a greater impact than how long or little you have slept. Being wakened during a light phase means you are more likely to wake up cheerful and full of life and interest.

SleepSmart records the distinct pattern of brain waves produced during each phase of sleep, via a headband equipped with electrodes (电极) and a microprocessor. This measures electric activity of the wearer's brain, and communicates wirelessly with a clock unit near the bed. You program the clock with the latest time at which you want to be wakened, and it then at the proper time wakes you during the last light sleep phase before that.

The concept was invented by a group of students at Brown University in Rhode Island after a friend complained of waking up tired and performing poorly on a test. "As sleep-deprived (剥夺) people ourselves, we started thinking of what to do about it," says Eric Shashoua, a recent college graduate and now chief executive officer of Axon Sleep Research Laboratories, a company created by the students to develop their idea. They have almost finished a prototype and plan to market the product by next year.

SleepSmart is a clock that

A．enables you to go to sleep.

B．enables you to sleep deeply.

C．enables you to get up early.

D．wakes you up during your last light sleep phase

听力原文：Many large supermarkets are serf-service. When you go into one of these shops, you take a basket and you put the things you wish to buy into this. You queue up at the cash desk and pay for everything just before you leave.

If anyone tries to take things from a shop without paying, they are almost certain to be caught. Most shops have store detectives who have the job of catching thieves. Stealing is considered a serious crime by the police and the courts.

When you are waiting to be served in a shop, it is important to wait for your turn. It is important not to try to be served before people who arrive before you. Many people from overseas are astonished at the British habit of queuing.

Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A．It's important to be served before other people in a supermarket.

B．You should wait for your turn to be served.

C．British people have a good habit of queuing.

When you are on the Information Highway, which of the following is not necessary for you to learn?

  A．How Web pages are put together.

  B．How to write software.

  C．How to surf the Internet.

  D．How to drive cars.

听力原文：W: How are you getting on, White? Are you still working for the Merry Lynch Bank?

M: Yes, Kitty, that's right.

W: I suppose you know quite a lot about banking by now, don't you?

M: Oh, yes. To tell you the truth I'm a bit tired of it.

W: Really? Isn't it good to work in a bank?

M: You know I've been working for the Merry Lynch Bank for over 15 years.

W: So you are thinking of making a change, are you?

M: Yes, I am. Actually, you know, I'm thinking of beginning my own business.

W: That sounds great.

M: Yes, I think it over, but the problem is money. If I had enough money, I'd leave the bank tomorrow.

W: What are you going to do to solve the problem?

M: I'll borrow some money from a bank, of course, but not from the one I've been working for.

(8)

A．He is interested in his work.

B．He is proud of his work.

C．He is tired of his work.

D．He is keen on his work.

听力原文：W: How are you getting on, White? Are you still working for the Merry Lynch Bank?

M: Yes, Kitty, that's right.

W: I suppose you know quite a lot about banking by now, don't you?

M: Oh, yes. To tell you the truth I'm a bit tired of it.

W: Really? Isn't it good to work in a bank?

M: You know I've been working for the Merry Lynch Bank for over 15 years.

W: So you are thinking of making a change, are you?

M: Yes, I am. Actually, you know, I'm thinking of beginning my own business.

W: That sounds great.

M: Yes, I think it over, but the problem is money. If I had enough money. I'd leave the bank tomorrow.

W: What ale you going to do to solve the problem?

M: I'll borrow some money from a bank, of course, but not from the one I've been working for.

Q6: How does White like his work?

(8)

A．He is interested in his work.

B．He is proud of his work.

C．He is tired of his work.

D．He is keen on his work.

Direction: For this part, you are required to write a short essay on the impact of the sharing economy on the daily life of Chinese on the basis of your experience and understanding . You should write no less than 150 words.

These days, “Sharing bikes”, “sharing cars”, and even “sharing property rights housing” has become popular terms. Sharing Economy has come into our lives. The 'Sharing' in the Sharing Economy refers to the use and access of shared physical or human resources or assets. in a Sharing Economy, information and knowledge is shared, open and accessible.

Is sharing economy accessible in your daily life? What’s your understanding of it?

Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.

Write the essay on your ANSWER SHEET.(写作)

When once you have caught the disease, you are immune from it for the rest of your life.

A．free

B．busy

C．calm

D．impatient

When you are near a lake or a river, you feel cool. Why? The sun makes the earth hot, but it can't make the water very hot. Although the air over the earth becomes hot, the air over the water stays cool. The hot air over the earth rises. Then the cool air over the water moves in and takes the place of the hot air. Then you feel the cool air and the wind, which makes you cool.

Of course, scientists can't answer all of your questions. If we ask, "Why is the ocean full of salty" scientists will say that the salt comes from rocks. When a rock gets very hot or very cold, it cracks. Rain falls into the cracks. The rain then carries the salt into he earth and into the rivers. The rivers carry the salt into the ocean. But then we ask, "What happens to the salt in the ocean? The ocean doesn't get more slat every year". Scientists are not sure about the answer to this question.

We know a lot about our world. But there are still many answers that we do not have, and we are curious.

The main idea of this passage is ______.

A．people feel cool when they are near a lake or river

B．scientists can explain everything we want to know

C．scientists can explain many things but not everything

D．the salt in the ocean comes from rocks

When you are near a lake or a river, you feel cool. Why? The sun makes the earth hot, but it can't make the water very hot. Although the air over the earth becomes hot, the air over the water stays cool. The hot air over the earth rises. Then the cool air over the water moves in and takes the place of the hot air. Then you feel the cool air and the wind, which makes you cool.

Of course, scientists can't answer all of your questions. If we ask, "Why is the ocean full of salt?" scientists will say that the salt comes from rocks. When a rock gets very hot or very cold, it cracks. Rain falls into the cracks. The rain then carries the salt into the earth and into the rivers. The rivers carry the salt into the ocean. But then we ask, "What happens to the salt in the ocean? The ocean doesn't get more slat every year." Scientists are not sure about the answer to this question.

We know a lot about our world. But there are still many answers that we do not have, and we are curious.

The main idea of this passage is______.

A．people feel cool when they are near a lake or river

B．scientists can explain everything we want to know

C．scientists can explain many things but not everything

D．the salt in the ocean comes from rocks

Meteors are ephemeral. They will usually vanish before you have a chance to point them out to somebody else. This makes them suitable for starry-eyed lovers to wish upon, but modern technology can put shooting stars to more profitable use. Next time you see one, bear in mind that a dispatcher may be using it to help him marshal a fleet of long-distance lorries.

To human eyes, a meteor is beautiful. To a radio wave, it is just another thing to bounce off, and bouncing radio waves off the sky is not new. Left to themselves radio waves travel in straight lines, which limits their range. To get them round corners, and over the horizon, they need something to bounce off. In the ionosphere—the uppermost level of the atmosphere—the sun's rays break down molecules into positively charged ions and free electrons. These can reflect (and refract) radiation. The ionosphere let Marconi and his contemporaries send radio messages over long distances.

When a pebble falls from space into the atmosphere, moving at tens of kilometers a second, it gets rid of a lot of energy. Like the energy from the sun's rays, this ionizes the molecules of the atmosphere. The meteor's 10—20km path is densely packed with ions. By the 1930s, radio waves bounced off meteor trails had been used by scientists to determine the speed, height and direction of meteors.

The obvious disadvantage of meteors—the fact that they are so transient—might suggest that bouncing radio waves off their trails would remain the preserve of scientists. In overall quantity, though, meteors bid fair to make up what they lack in constancy. On an average day there are a million reasonable-sized ones (one gram), 400 million smaller ones (one-hundredth of a gram), and 160 billion even tinier ones (one ten-thousandth of a gram).

Meteors also have advantage. The greater density of ions in a meteor trail makes it less susceptible to the many things which perturb the ionosphere, and hence the quality of radio signals that bounce off it—such as time of day, weather conditions, sun spots or indeed intrusive meteors. This immunity from "noise" matters to people who want to send digital data. Radio hams may enjoy the tribulations of chit-chat through adversity and static, but such a noisy medium is not good for transmitting error-free sequences of 0s and 1s. That is why meteor-burst communication (MBC) comes into its own when small amounts of data need to be gathered from many places fairly quickly.

A system under construction to monitor the flow of the Nile provides an example. A master transmitter sends a radio "probe" into the sky in roughly the direction of the target. When a conveniently aligned meteor materializes, the probe bounces off it and reaches the receiver. When the receiver hears its master's voice it responds along the same path, spurting out data about the river's recent behavior. The master station acknowledges receipt, gives any further instructions and signs off.

It then directs its probe towards the next of the 250 outstations. Depending on the system's sensitivity, the wait between suitably aligned meteors varies between four seconds and ten minutes. The bursts of communication between master and out-stations may take as little as tenth of a second. It must be completed in the second it takes for the meteor's trail to dissipate.

In America, Meteor Communications of Kent, Washington, is the biggest and oldest of the MBC companies. It has provided meteor-burst equipment for 14 years. Its devices have been planted along the Chinese-Russian border to send short encoded messages back to Beijing. Other systems in Argentina, Australia, Canada, Indonesia, South Africa and Europe have been set up to monitor a variety of things, solar radiation, tides, water supplies, motorway fog, snow conditions and the like.

The military applications are clear, remote unmanned stations could sense approaching enemy ships, a

A．mysterious

B．transient

C．unique

D．wired