Dutch traders brought 20 Africans to Jamestown, Virginia, as early as 1619, however, throughout the 17 th century the number of Africans in the English mainland colonies grew very slowly. At that time, colonists used two other sources of unfree labor: Native American slaves and European indentured servants.
During those years, every colony had some Native American slaves, but their number was limited. Indian men avoided performing agricultural labor, because they viewed it as women' s work, and colonists complained that they were too "haughty". The more important was that the settlers found it more convenient to sell Native Americans captured in war to planters in the Caribbean than to turn them into slaves, because they often resisted and it was not hard for the slaves to escape. Later, the policy of killing Indians or driving them away from white settlements was proposed and it contradicted with their widespread employment as slaves.
The other form. of labor was the white indentured servitude. Most indentured servants consisted of poor Europeans. Desiring to escape tough conditions in Europe and take advantage of fabled opportunities in America, they traded three to seven years of their labor in exchange for the transatlantic passage. At first, it was mainly English who were the white indentured servitude but later increasingly Irish, Welsh, and German joined. They were essentially temporary slaves and most of them served as agricultural workers although some, especially in the North, were taught skilled trades. During the 17th century, they performed most of heavy labor in the Southern colonies and also consisted of the bulk of immigrants to those colonies.
At the end of the 17 th century, in order to meet the labor need, landowners in America turned to African slaves. During the late 17th and 18th centuries, thanks to the dominant position of England in terms of naval superiority, English traders (some of whom lived in English America) transported millions of Africans across the Atlantic. And the transatlantic slave trade produced one of the largest forced migrations in history, blacks (the great majority of whom were slaves) increasing from about 7 percent of the American population in 1680 to more than 40 percent by the middle of the 18th century.
Which of the following was true of the slavery in America?
A.The colonists sold African Americans to planters in the Caribbean.
B.Native American slaves performed agricultural labor.
C.During the 17th century, the white indentured servitude was the main labor in the Southern colonies.
D.It was at the end of the 17th century that African people began to be brought to America.
第1题
明显阻塞性黄疸,B超发现肝内、外胆管扩张,胆总管直径2cm,比较理想的进一步检查是
A.十二指肠低张造影
B.ERCP
C.放射性核素胰腺造影
D.腹腔动脉血管造影
E.腹腔镜探查
第3题
A.放射性核素胰腺造影
B.ERCP
C.十二指肠低张造影
D.腹腔动脉血管造影
E.腹腔镜检查
第4题
明显的阻塞性黄疸,B超检查示肝内胆管扩张、胆总管直径2cm时,比较理想的进一步检查是
A.放射性核素胰腺扫描
B.十二指肠低张造影
C.逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)
D.经皮肝穿刺胆道造影(PTC)
E.腹腔镜检查
第5题
明显的阻塞性黄疸,B超检查示肝内胆管扩张、胆总管直径2cm时,比较理想的进一步检查是
A.放射性核素胰腺扫描
B.十二指肠低张造影
C.逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)
D.经皮肝穿刺胆道造影(PTC)
E.腹腔镜检查
第6题
明显的阻塞性黄疸,B超检查示肝内胆管扩张、胆总管直径2cm时,比较理想的进一步检查是
A.放射性核素胰腺扫描
B.十二指肠低张造影
C.逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)
D.经皮肝穿刺胆道造影(PTC)
E.腹腔镜检查
第7题
明显的阻塞性黄疸,8超检查示肝内胆管扩张、胆总管直径2cm时,比较理想的进一步检查是
A.放射性核素胰腺扫描
B.十二指肠低张造影
C.逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)
D.经皮肝穿刺胆道造影(PTC)
E.腹腔镜检查
第9题
A、十二指肠低张造影
B、ERCP
C、放射性核素胰腺造影
D、腹腔动脉血管造影
E、经皮肝穿刺胆道造影
第10题
A.放射性核素胰腺扫描
B.十二指肠低张造影
C.逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)
D.经皮肝穿刺胆道造影(PTC)
E.腹腔镜检查
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