Directions: In this section, you are supposed to write a short composition within 40 m

Directions: In this section, you are supposed to write a short composition within 40 minutes, and your composition should be no less than 150 English words. Your composition is based on the following information: Failures are as common as teeth brushing in our daily life. People treat failures with different attitudes. ,I would …

SECTION B INTERVIEW

Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.

Now listen to the interview.

听力原文：M: I'm Avi Arditti and this week on Wordmaster: surviving a job interview! Here's the first bit of advice from human resources consultant Sharon Armstrong: It's not just words you have to think about, but also how you express them. Avoid, she says, a flat monotone voice that people sometimes get when they are nervous.

W: It loses something and I think that it can add so much if you show your excitement and your eagerness to work for that company.

M: Next: be prepared for a common approach known as behavioral-based interviewing.

W: And that is where past performance will indicate future performance. So good interviewers will ask you very detailed questions where they'll put you on the spot and they'll want to know specifically your role in what you did for a particular project. And so the key to giving a good answer to a behavioral interview question is to do what I call a STAR, S-T-A-R. The S and the T stand for explaining a situation or a task that you were given, the A is the action you took and the R is the results.

M: So what you're saying is that you need to be prepared before you walk into the door.

W: Go through some mock interviews, lf you can have friends ask you questions. Practice in the mirror, answering questions. Go in with three or four things you really want to stress about yourself. And then you can bring those out no matter what the question is asked.

M: How do you follow up after the interview?

W: Please send a thank-you letter. I'm begging you. And you can do it by e-mail. And in that thank-you letter you do a couple of things. Make sure that you express sincere appreciation for the time that they spent interviewing you. You have an opportunity to re-emphasize some of your strongest qualities. You have another chance to make that case as to how your skills match their needs. If there was something that you wish you had said a little more about, again an opportunity to do it here. Now that sounds like a lot to cover, but you do it very briefly, in a short couple of paragraphs and get it out right away.

M: Keep it short, keep it simple?

W: Absolutely. Again, they're business people; they don't have a lot of time. Just getting it is going to make a big difference. I talk to recruiters all the time. They never get thank-you letters. It's such simple business etiquette that people just don't take the time to do it.

M: These days, interviewers ask tougher questions than they used to.

W: It's no longer" What do you see yourself doing in five years? Those are old questions. They're asking questions that are going to get at more specific things. For example, "Give me a specific example of a time when a coworker criticized your work in front of others. How did you respond? How has that event shaped the way you communicate with others?" They're trying to get at your communication skills. "Give me a specific example of a time when you sold your supervisor on an idea or concept. How did you proceed? What was the result?" That's your assertiveness. So be ready for these kinds of questions, and if you have this experience in your background, just be able to communicate it effectively. You don't have to use the proper language all the time, just get across your results and your accomplishments.

M: And you probably shouldn't be afraid to say "Well, l don't understand that question."

W: Absolutely. And don't feel like you have to answer immediately. Take a moment. Pausing is comfortable--if you're comfortable with it, it will seem comfortable. But if you sometimes launch into an answer right away, you might head down a road you don't want to go.<

A．A stands for actions.

B．T stands for titles.

C．S stands for situations.

D．R stands for results.

SECTION B INTERVIEW

Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.

Now listen to the interview.

听力原文：A: So, you're an architect?

B: Yes.

A: Do you work for a public or private organisation, or are you self-employed, that is, working on your own?

B: I'm working for a private design and construction company.

A: How did you start your career?

B: I started with the government.

A: Oh, did you? What made you decide to work for the government?

B: Well, it was a matter of chance really. I saw an advertisement for a vacant position in a newspaper, and I thought "Why don't you try it?" Irt fact, I have no preferences to where I work, public or private.

A: And do you still have this idea, or ...

B: More or less, yes, although I'm now working for a private from, I worked for the government for about three years. It was alright. Of course there's the bureaucracy one has to put up with, but it's not that bad, if you don't mind bureaucratic wheels taming slowly, and things not being as efficient.

A: Ah-ah. And what made you leave the public sector?

B: Money mainly. You see, I got married, and my wife doesn't work, and we wanted to start a family right away. So we thought it might be better off if I moved to the private sector. This is why it's hard for me to be self-employed because self-employed work has the disadvantage that there may be time, or a period of time when you're unemployed.

A: I see, so did you join this company straight away or ...

B: No, I worked for, in a couple of private firms before I came to this one.

A: Hum% hmm. Now what qualifications does one have to become an architect?

B: Well, you've got to have a degree in architecture. That means before you apply to study architecture in any university, you have to pass exams, usually three A-levels with good results. Also you generally have to study sciences at school rather than arts ... as the basis for the subject to be studied at university level, although when you really get down to it, the subject involves some aspects of arts too. Then you need between six and seven years to work through, by the end of which you usually sit for the final examination.

A: So you mean to take up architecture, one has to have a scientific background?

B: Well, yes, mainly scientific, but it helps if you have some general arts background too. You know, architecture is not a pure science.

A: Now, if one wants to take up architecture, one has got to be able to draw? Is that really true?

B: Well, it is true that the work of an architect involves a lot of drawing, and to be an architect you must be able to draw. But this doesn't mean that if you can't at present draw, you won't have the opportunity to be an architect, because you can be taught to draw. In fact drawing in architecture is different from drawing in art. An artist's drawing must be good in the sense that it gives a certain impression in the mind of the viewer, in fact some famous artists can't draw very well at ail, at least not from a technical point of view. On the other hand, an architect's drawing must be accurate. So I'd say that accuracy of the drawings is what we aim at, what's important.

A: Now what qualifies do you think make a good architect, apart from being accurate in his drawings?

B: Well, I'm not sure if can generalise about that. You see architecture is a mixtare of theory and practice. So I suppose a good architect should be good at both. An architect' s work is good in as much as the construction is built precisely as the theory requires, so that it doesn't collapse or can' t be used after a period of time because it' s dangerous. I don't mean a well-built construction will last forever, but it's predictable that

A．a newspaper

B．the government

C．a construction firm

D．a private company

SECTION B INTERVIEW

Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.

Now listen to the interview.

听力原文：A: So, you're an architect?

B: Yes.

A: Do you work for a public or private organisation, or are you self-employed, that is, working on your own?

B: I'm working for a private design and construction company.

A: How did you start your career?

B: I started with the government.

A: Oh, did you? What made you decide to work for the government?

B: Well, it was a matter of chance really. I saw an advertisement for a vacant position in a newspaper, and I thought "Why don't you try it?" In fact, I have no preferences to where I work, public or private.

A: And do you still have this idea, or...

B: More or less, yes, although I'm now working for a private firm. I worked for the government for about three years. It was alright. Of course there's the bureaucracy one has to put up with, but it's not that bad, if you don't mind bureaucratic wheels turning slowly, and things not being as efficient.

A: Ah-ah. And what made you leave the public sector?

B: Money mainly. You see, I got married, and my wife doesn't work, and we wanted to start a family right away. So we thought it might be better off if I moved to the private sector. This is why it's hard for me to be self-employed because self employed work has the disadvantage that there may be time, or a period of time when you're unemployed.

A: I see, so did you join this company straight away or...

B: No, I worked for, in a couple of private firms before I came to this one.

A: Hmm, hmm. Now what qualifications does one have to have to become an architect?

B: Well, you've got to have a degree in architecture. That means before you apply to study architecture in any university, you have to pass exams, usually three A-levels with good results. Also you generally have to study sciences at school rather than arts.., as the basis for the subject to be studied at university level, although when you really get down to it, the subject involves some aspects of arts too. Then you need between six and seven years to work through, by the end of which you usually Sit for the final examination.

A: So you mean to take up architecture, one has to have a scientific background? '

B: Well, yes, mainly scientific, but it helps if you have some general arts background too. You know, architecture is not a pure science.

A: Now, if one wants to take up architecture, one has got to be able to draw? Is that really true?

B: Well, it is true that the work of an architect involves a lot of drawing, and to be an architect you must be able to draw. But this doesn't mean that if you can't at present draw, you won't have the opportunity to be an architect, because you can be taught to draw. In fact drawing in architecture is different from drawing in art. An artist's drawing must be good in the sense that it gives a certain impression in the mind of the viewer, in fact some famous artists can't draw very well at all, at least not from a technical point of view. On the other hand, an architect's drawing must be accurate. So I'd say that accuracy of the drawings is what we aim at, what's important.

A: Now what qualities do you think make a good architect, apart from being accurate in his drawings?

B: Well, I'm not sure if I can generalise about that. You see architecture is a mixture of theory and practice. So I suppose a good architect should be good at both. An architect's work is good in as much as the construction is built precisely as the theory requires, so that it doesn't collapse or can't be used after a period of time because it's dangerous, i don't mean a well-built construction will last for ever, but it's predictab

A．a newspaper.

B．the government.

C．a construction firm.

D．a private company.

SECTION B INTERVIEW

Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.

Now listen to the interview.

听力原文：A: So, you're an architect?

B: Yes.

A: Do. you work for a public or private organisation, or are you self-employed, that is, working on your own?

B: I'm working for a private design and construction company.

A: How did you start your career?

B: I started with the government.

A: Oh, did you? What made you decide to work for the government?

B: Well, it was a matter of chance really. I saw an advertisement for a vacant position in a newspaper, and I thought "Why don't you try it?" In fact, I have no preferences to where I work, public or private.

A: And do you still have this idea, or ...

B: More or less, yes, although I'm now working for a private firm, I worked for the government for about three years. It was alright. Of course there's the bureaucracy one has to put up with, but it's not that bad, if you don't mind bureaucratic wheels turning slowly, and things not being as efficient.

A: Ah-ah. And what made you leave the public sector?

B: Money mainly. You see, I got married, and my wife doesn't work, and we wanted to start a family right away. So we thought it might be better off if I moved to the private sector. This is why it's hard for me to be self-employed because self-employed work has the disadvantage that there may be time, or a period of time when you're unemployed.

A: I see, so did you join this company straight away or ...

B: No, I worked for, in a couple of private firms before I came to this one.

A: Hmm, hmm. Now what qualifications does one have to become an architect?

B: Well, you've got to have a degree in architecture. That means before you apply to study architecture in any university, you have to pass exams, usually three A-levels with good results. Also you generally have to study sciences at school rather than arts ... as the basis for the subject to be studied at university level, although when you really get down to it, the subject involves some aspects of arts too. Then you need between six and seven years to work through, by the end of which you usually sit for the final examination.

A: So you mean to take up architecture, one has to have a scientific background?

B: Well, yes, mainly scientific, but it helps if you have some general arts background too. You know, architecture is not a pure science.

A: Now, if one wants to take up architecture, one has got to be able to draw? Is that really true?

B: Well, it is true that the work of an architect involves a lot of drawing, and to be an architect you must be able to draw. But this doesn't mean that if you can't at present draw, you won't have the opportunity to be an architect, because you can be taught to draw. In fact drawing in architecture is different from drawing in art. An artist's drawing must be good in the sense that it gives a certain impression in the mind of the viewer, in fact some famous artists can't draw" very well at all, at least not from a technical point of view. On the other hand, an architect's drawing must be accurate. So I'd say that accuracy of the drawings is what we aim at, what's important.

A: Now what qualities do you think make a good architect, apart from being accurate in his drawings?

B: Well, I'm not sure if I can generalise about that. You see architecture is a mixture of theory and practice. So I suppose a good architect should be good at both. An architect's work is good in as much as the construction is built precisely as the theory requires, so that it doesn't collapse or can't be used after a period of time because it's dangerous. I don't mean a well-built construction will last forever, but it's predictable

A．a newspaper

B．the government

C．a construction firm

D．a private company

SECTION B INTERVIEW

Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.

Now listen to the interview.

听力原文：Stall: Hi, Camellia. Have you attended professor Gabriel's lecture?

Camellia: No. What was it about?

Stall: Energy -- energy future and today.

Camellia: Oh, what a pity. You know, I'm writing a paper on this subject. And I have spent a lot of time to collect materials. I shouldn't have missed this chance.

Stan: Don't worry. I made a lot of notes. You can take my notebook and have a look.

Camellia: It's very kind of you... (open the notebook).., mmm.., but it seems.., mmm.., that you have written hastily and some parts are not...

Stall: That's true. The lecture is magnificent, so I tried to write down all the things.., mmm.., never mind. I'm free now and I can tell you what I can remember.

Camellia: Oh, thank you. You're really a great friend.

Start: OK. The professor began with the alternative energy. He said there is a great deal of information and enthusiasm about the development and increased production for the global energy needs from alternative energy sources.

Camellia: I know that solar energy, wind power and moving water are all sources of alternative energy.

Stan: And they are progressing, wind power and moving water are all sources of alternative energy.

Camellia: It's not so?

Start: According to the professor, absolutely not. We often mention alternative energy to refer to those energy that is produced from sources other than our primary energy supply: fossil fuels -- coal, oil and natural gas. The problem is, fossil fuels are non-renewable.

Camellia: Yes, you know, fossil fuels were formed from plants and animals that lived hundreds of millions of years ago. So there would be another hundreds of millions of years to reproduce.

Start: They are limited in supply and we have mostly depended on them for our energy needs, from home heating and electricity to fuel for our automobiles and mass transportation. They will one day be used up. There is no escaping this conclusion.

Camellia: How about nuclear energy. Isn't it a potential source of energy?

Start: The professor said nuclear energy, which is primarily generated by splitting atoms, only provides 6% of the world's energy supplies. And it is not likely to be a major source of world energy consumption because of public pressure and the relative dangers associated with unleashing the power of the atom.

Camellia: Did the professor give any information about how much fossil energies provide?

Stall: Let me see...ah, yes, that's nearly 88% of the world's energy needs, or about 350 quadrillion British Thermal Units -- or BTUs. The total world energy demand is about 400 quadrillion BTUs -- each year. A BTU is roughly equal to the energy and heat generated by a match. Of this amount oil, coal and natural gas supply, oil is the king, providing about 41% of the world's total energy supplies, or about 164 quadrillion BTUs. Coal provides 24% of the world's energy., or 96 quadrillion BTUs, and natural gas provides the remaining 22%, or 88 quadrillion BTUs.

Camellia: Just how limited are our fossil fuel reserves?

Stan: Some estimates say our fossil fuel reserves will be used up within 50 years, while others say it will be 100-120 years.

Camellia: It's terrible. We are going to run out of fossil fuels for energy and we have no choice but to prepare for the new age of energy production since, most certainly, human demands for energy will not decrease.

Start: Nobody really knows when the last drop of oil, lump of coal or cubic foot of natural gas will be collected from the Earth. All of it will depend on how well we manage our manage our energy demands and how well we can develop

A．The progress in developing alternative energy.

B．The abundant deposit.

C．The development of technology.

D．All of the above.

SECTION B INTERVIEW

Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.

Now listen to the interview.

听力原文：A: How do you and your housemates like the co - up? I'm thinking of joining it myself.

B: We like it quite a bit. We get some very fresh produce. And both staples and fair prices. But it certainly hasn't saved us time. The co - up doesn't carry everything. So we still wind up going to the supermarket too, for cleaning supplies, batteries, that sort of thing. I wish the co - up solved those items. I've been talking about it with some of the other members.

A: What do members have to do? Just to pay a membership fee?

B: Yeah. There is a fee, and there are meetings. But attendance isn't required. But we do have to work there for an hour every week, which isn't too bad. Once you are there, you can get your shopping done.

A: I wouldn't mind working there some time. You get to learn about the products. But is the food free of additives? That will be the main reason I join. I'm a convert from junk food. Until now my diets have been largely chemical additives and pesticides.

B: Well, a lot of food is pure and pesticides - free. They also have ultamine supplements and soy and Toufu and that kind of thing, lots of health food in shop there. So if source health oriented, the co-up is.

A: I'd like to try it just for a month or so. Then if you like it, you can join for a longer periods. And it becomes cheaper. A six month membership costs as much as 5 individual months.

B: Sounds pretty easy. Maybe the next time I run into you again, it will be in the checkout line in the co-up.

What are the speakers mainly discussing?

A．Memberships in a food co - up.

B．Tile benefits of health fond

C．Shopping in the supermarket.

D．The current cost of food

SECTION B INTERVIEW

Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.

Now listen to the interview.

听力原文：A: How do you and your housemates like the co - up? I' m thinking of joining it myself.

B: We like it quite a bit. We get some very fresh produce. And both staples and fair prices. But it certainly hasn’t saved us time. The co - up doesn’t carry everything. So we still wind up going to the supermarket too, for cleaning supplies, batteries, that sort of thing. I wish the co - up solved those items. ]' ye been talking about it with some of the other members.

A: What do members have to do.'? Just to pay a membership fee?

B: Yeah. There is a fee, and there are meetings. But attend ance isn’t required. But we do have to work there for an hour every week, which isn’t too bad. Once you are there, you can get your shopping done.

A: I wouldn’t mind working there some time. You get to learn about the products. But is the food free of additives? That will be the main reason I join. I' m a convert from junk food. Until now my diets have been largely chemical additives and pesticides. B: Well, a lot of food is pure and pesticides - free. They also have ultamine supplements and soy and Toufu and that kind of thing, lots of health food in shop there. So if source health oriented, the co- up is.

A: I’d like to try it just for a month or so. Then if you like it, you can join for a longer periods. And it becomes cheaper. A six month membership costs as much as 5 individual months.

B: Sounds pretty easy. Maybe the next time I run into you a gain, it will be in the checkout line in the co -up.

What are the speakers mainly discussing?

A．Memberships in a food coup.

B．The benefits of health food.

C．Shopping in the supermarket.

D．The current cost of food.

SECTION B PASSAGES

Directions: In this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.

听力原文： Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always encourage such people, but l also explain that there's a big difference between "being a writer" and writing. In most cases they are dreaming of wealth and fame, not the long hours alone at a typewriter. "you've got to want to write," I say to them, "not want to be a writer."

The reality is that writing is a lonely, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose works is never rewarded. When I left a 20year career in U.S. Coast Guard to become a freelance writer, I had no prospects at all. What ! did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building, it didn't even matter that it was cold and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used typewriter and felt like a good writer.

After a year I still hadn't got a break and began to doubt myself. It was so hard to sell a story that barely made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write I had dreaded about it for years. I wasn't going to be one of those people who die wondering, what if?. I would keep putting my dream to the test-even though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of failure. This is the Shadow land of hope, and anyone with a dream must learn to live there.

What does this passage want to tell us?

A．Warn young people of the hardships that a successful writer has to experience.

B．Advise young people to give up their idea of becoming a professional writer.

C．Show young people it' s unrealistic for a writer to pursue wealth and fame.

D．Encourage young people to pursue a writing career.

SECTION B INTERVIEW

Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.

Now listen to the interview.

听力原文：INTERVIEWER: Newspapers seem sort of impersonal... but radio and TV—there are personalities involved. Isn't there a lot more possibility that since there are personalities involved it will have a greater impact on people's reactions?

DANIEL: Well, I think you have to first start with the understanding that no person is unobjective. We're all striving to be objective, but we have our own prejudice. It's build in. And so, even the person who writes the story in the newspaper lets that bias come through in his pen. of course, when we are personally on camera, we're trying to stick pretty closely to a script. that we have already written.

INTERVIEWER: Uhm ....

DANIEL: But sometimes, perhaps in an ad, although we try to avoid as much of that as possible—some of our prejudice or bias will show, even though we're striving not to let it show.

INTERVIEWER: Uh... but when people read a newspaper article, it's kind of cold.

DANIEL: Right, that's true.

INTERVIEWER: It could be... it could be a real exciting story, and all you can do is put exclamation marks. But when you see a person that...

DANIEL: I see what you're saying.

INTERVIEWER: I started to say that the particular biases of a person can come through more readily.

DANIEL: I think it's something you have to guard against. It would be wrong for that to happen. But, yes, I think what you're saying is true—that in trying to interpret the words that are on the script, I might... in my voice or in my expression show some type of reaction to it. Uh... probably, would be more of a reaction than it would. of an interpretation although the voice implies an interpretation when you read any group of words.

INTERVIEWER: Right.

DANIEL: I guess the idea is to make that sentence not so bland, but so—leave out adjectives, leave out adverbs so that you deal just with nouns and verbs, and in that way, you keep it as straight as you possibly can.

INTERVIEWER: How do you see yourself, primarily—other than reporting the news?

Uh... are you an entertainer?

DANIEL: No. No, I don't think I'm an entertainer. I think, perhaps, the sports man might be an entertainer of sort—although he has a journalistic function too. I see myself as a public servant.

Uh... the same as... a policeman or a mayor might be providing information to people that they need in their lives to... to live their life, to make decisions and so forth.

INTERVIEWER: But you are conscious, of course,.., when you go before the cameras, that.., that you're in a situation ....

DANIEL: Right.

INTERVIEWER: ... uh... where there must be people that are viewing you as someone—

DANIEL: Because of your visibility, you become a somewhat of a celebrity in that sense, and I don't know I try to play that down, so that doesn't become a thing with me.

INTERVIEWER: Uh-uhm...

DANIEL: Because I think that's probably the biggest problem in our profession—the biggest temptation is to get a big head. And while you need confidence in order to do your job— it's a... it's a high-pressure job, so you need confidence—you get too much of that confidence, and that begins to come across the tube.

INTERVIEWER: Right ....

DANIEL:... as you're kind of a know-it-all, or you think yourself more important than you really should be. And I think that would be dealt with by the viewer. After a while, they'll just turn you off. They'll say, "I don't want to watch that cocky so-and-so any more ! "

INTERVIEWER: Some newspapers, I suppose, some TV stations, have had the reputatio

A．All media people try to be objective.

B．All people have some prejudice.

C．Unlike radio and TV, newspapers are impersonal.

D．People cannot avoid showing their bias.