Since Fisher's time, it has been realized that genes can sometimes influence the chromosome or gamete in which they find themselves so that the gamete will be more likely to participate in fertilization. If such a gene occurs on a sex-determining (X or Y) chromosome, then highly aberrant sex ratios can occur. But more immediately relevant to game theory are the sex ratios in certain parasitic wasp species that have a large excess of females. In these species, fertilized eggs develop into females and unfertilized eggs into males. A female stores sperm and can determine the sex of each egg she lays by fertilizing it or leaving it unfertilized. By Fisher's argument, it should still pay a female to produce equal numbers of sons and daughters. Hamilton, noting that the eggs develop within their host--the larva of another insect--and that the newly emerged adult wasps mate immediately and disperse, offered a remarkably cogent analysis. Since only one female usually eggs in a given larva, it would pay her to produce one male only, because this one could fertilize all his sisters on emergence. Like Fisher, Hamilton looked for an evolutionarily stable strategy, but he went a step further in recognizing that he was looking strategy.
What can we know about the scientists Fisher and Hamilton from the passage?
A.They both made contribution to the mathematical theory of games.
B.They both sought an explanation of why certain sex ratios exist and remain stable
C.The former stressed the maximization and the latter emphasized the optimization.
D.They both inherited the insight of the "group, selection" argument.
第9题
A、由致病真菌或条件致病真菌感染人体皮肤、毛发和甲等浅表组织而引起的一组疾病
B、最常见的感染类型之一
C、发病率不断增加,免疫功能受损人群更明显
D、致病菌类型一般分为两类:皮肤癣菌感染、其他霉菌感染
E、花斑糠疹是常见酵母菌感染疾病
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